Active clinical trials for "Depressive Disorder, Major"

The pathophysiology of Major Depression Disorder (MDD) is unclear, with several theories for its neurobiological mechanisms. One possible explanation is the presence of altered neuroplasticity, which can be studied by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). Using TMS to study these mechanisms is performed by applying electromagnetic stimuli to the motor cortex, to obtain measures of temporary cortical excitability modulation. It is known that depressed patients with higher cortical modulation are more responsive to a TMS treatment course. However, it is unknown if there are differences in cortical modulation between depressed patients and healthy subjects. Our goal is to answer this question and contribute towards clarification of the neuroplasticity mechanisms underlying MDD. Accordingly, the investigators will access cortical excitability modulation measures in both depressed patients and healthy volunteers and compare their results. The investigators will also re-assess these measures after 6 weeks of antidepressant treatment. Finally, the investigators will study the association between cortical excitability measures and cognitive processes using an innovative cognitive task.

The investigators propose a test of causality by examining a cohort of patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) within the ventral striatum. The investigators will examine behavior on and off stimulation across a range of tasks that index different forms of impulsivity. Patients will be studied in both the ON and OFF state - that is, they will be tested during active deep brain stimulation and 30 min to 1 hour after stimulation has been stopped (order of state will be counterbalanced across subjects). The investigators specific aim is to test the hypothesis that enhancing ventral striatal signaling (i.e. ON-state DBS) will cause more impulsive patterns of behavior across several impulsivity tasks. The investigators predict that ventral striatal DBS will increase stop-signal reaction time on the stop-signal task and commission errors on the Go/NoGo task, and increase delay aversion in a delay discounting paradigm.

At present, diagnosis and recognition of depression and bipolar disorder are mainly based on subjective evidence such as clinical interview and scale evaluation. The corresponding diagnosis basis has some shortcomings, such as poor diagnostic reliability and failure in early identification of bipolar disorder. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore objective diagnostic indicators to remedy the deficiencies. Therefore，the investigators collect psychological and physiological information data of patients with bipolar disorder and depression.Then the investigators aim to construct and verify the multidimensional emotion recognition model to analyze the personality characteristics, negative emotions and cognitive reactions of different individuals, and form a systematic accurate recognition and evaluation tool.

The objective of this study is to collect data to finalize the development of MEB-001 softward as a medical device. The data collected in this study will be used to develop MEB-001 machine learning algorithms by training the algorithms to match the patient's demographic and clinical information, and the objective physiological signals (i.e., electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG)) recorded during PSG with the diagnosis of cMDE performed through the MINI neuropsychiatric evaluation.

This research study is designed to look at the involvement of the glutamate system and synaptic density in depression and bipolar disorder. Each participant will undergo a screening appointment to determine study eligibility. Thereafter, the study will take 2 or 3 visits depending on schedule availability and will consist of a combination of one magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan, one proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and/or one C13 MRS scans, and up to two positron emission tomography (PET) scans. Participants will also participate in cognitive testing. Depending on camera time, staff availability and subject schedule, total study participation may last 1-2 months.

Suicide accounts for at least 1 million deaths globally each year. This is likely a significant underestimate, because suicide is under-reported in many countries. In the US, over 42,000 people die from suicide annually. Despite increased focus on identification and treatment, the rate of suicide has increased steadily over the past 15 years. Our project aims both to improve our understanding of factors that increase the risk for suicide by comparing blood biomarkers associated with inflammation in patients with depression without suicidal behavior and patients with depression and suicidal behavior. The 160 individuals in this study will be followed with psychiatric assessments and blood samples at repeated time points over one year.

Evidence suggests that mGLUR5 availability may play a key role in the biology of mood disorders. This study aimed to investigate the changes in metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGLUR5) availability and clinical symptoms in patients with MDD and bipolar disorder(BD) after two months of vortioxetine treatment. The investigators hypothesized that patients with MDD and BP have abnormal mGluR5 availability in certain brain regions, and baseline mGLUR5 availability can predict prognosis the prognosis of MDD and BD. fMRI and NODDI are also used to evaluate the function or neurite condition at baseline and 8 week

TRIAGE-Psych is a survey study designed to assess potential participants' eligibility to screen for industry-sponsored psychiatry clinical trials.

This experiment intends to explore the differences among various types of depression, as well as the differences between healthy subjects and depressed patients, and find possible biological markers from the severity of symptoms, social function and cognitive function of depressed patients, combined with EEG characteristics, biological test indicators (blood, faeces, hair, etc.) and functional magnetic resonance imaging data. To explore the changes in clinical symptoms, cognitive and social functions, and biological indicators of various types of patients before and after treatment, to provide references for the prognosis of various types, and to predict the future development of the disease according to the baseline indicators of patients; According to the above aspects, this experiment can follow up the patients with depression, track their disease development, and study the potential biological changes in the early stage of the disease, which has the potential to reveal the pathogenesis and provide guidance for the early diagnosis and intervention of depression.

Since capability for suicide involves overriding potential pain, and the opioid system plays a strong role in controlling pain perception, it follows that capability for suicide may be impacted by the opioid system. The goal of the proposed research is to identify the neural network underlying capability for suicide in order to determine if it can be a target for identifying high-risk individuals and for intervention.