Active clinical trials for "Breast Neoplasms"

Diet has been found to influence hormone production and metabolism which in turn could affect the incidence of hormone related cancers. Consumption of soy-containing foods, known to be rich in phytoestrogens, is thought to be one of the chemoprotective factors against breast cancer in Asian populations. Phytoestrogens have a wide range of metabolic effects and may have a role in effecting breast cancer risk. Although there is mounting evidence of the positive influence of phytoestrogens on breast cancer risk, very little research has been carried out in humans as to the effects of phytoestrogens on breast cancer recurrence and survival. The DietCompLyf study aims to explore this effect by carrying out an observational study in 3,000 breast cancer women in the UK. The effects of diet, lifestyle practices and use of complementary treatments will also be investigated. Participants are recruited 9-15 months post-diagnosis and followed up for 5 years. Questionnaires as well as blood and urine samples are collected annually.

Many patients with breastcancer in the past, were treated with TAC. These last years, there is more and more focus on the effects of chemotherapy, particularly in children treated with this. One of these effects is damage to the heart muscle, which ultimately might affect the pump-function of the heart . In adults, the effect of treatment with TAC on the heart, has not been previously investigated. The possibility exists that the adverse reactions in children are found in adults also could occur. Therefore we have initiated this trial.

Major Aims of study: To create a gene expression-based prognostic device that complements or exceeds the prognostic utility of conventional biomarkers of breast cancer outcome. To identify one or more clinical subgroups of patients for which the prognostic device outperforms, or substantially adds to, the prognostic performance of conventional markers that currently determine therapeutic strategies. Sub-Aims of study: Assess the prognostic value of the multiple gene expression signatures, alone and in combination, using a large cohort of breast cancer patients for which pathology, treatment and outcome is available. A "training" and "testing" design is proposed. Evaluate the utility of a prognostic device that measures gene expression levels from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens (FFPEs) of primary resected tumors. The investigators will utilize the Affymetrix Quantigene 2.0 Assay and/or the Illumina BeadXpress VeraCode DASL Gene Expression Assay (FDA-approved IVDMIA.) For specific clinical subgroups of patients/tumors, the investigators will mathematically identify additive or synergistic prognostic relationships between genes and gene signatures that, in combination, will yield maximal risk prediction (distant metastases-free survival) for patients. Compare the prognostic utility of the investigators device to that of the conventional prognostic variables that are currently used to determine therapeutic strategy. Incorporate the prognostic signatures into a practical prognosis algorithm that seeks to include conventional measures of outcome such as tumor size, histologic grade, nodal status, patient age, or Nottingham index, etc. The investigators hypothesize that adequate quality and quantity of tumor RNA may be extracted from archival paraffin-embedded tumor specimens for gene expression profiling, and that archival tumor-derived genomic signatures may be used as prognosticators or predictors in breast cancer.

RATIONALE: Studying samples of blood and tumor tissue in the laboratory from patients with cancer may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in DNA and help doctors understand how patients respond to treatment. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is assessing how changes in genes affect disease progression in women with newly diagnosed or metastatic breast cancer.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the side effects(especially arthralgia and arthritis) which appear in the patients who are prescribed aromatase inhibitor(AI) and the CYP19 genetic polymorphisms.

RATIONALE: Studying the genes expressed in samples of blood from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in DNA and identify biomarkers related to cancer. PURPOSE: This research study is looking at blood samples from high-risk postmenopausal women who received treatment on breast cancer prevention clinical trials NSABP-P-1 or NSABP-P-2.

Radiation induced accelerated atherosclerosis is a well known entity that occurs in different regions, according to the therapy delivered.It is usually begins to be clinically evident several years after the radiation incident, as there is sufficient functional reserve to these vessels.Our proposal is aimed to better characterize this side effect. For that purpose, we have chosen to study women who received radiation to the breast, in which part of the carotid in the irradiated side was in the high energy radiation field. We will use Intima Media Thickening ultrasound to study the pattern of atherosclerosis plaque formation in radiated carotid arteries as compared to non-irradiated carotid arteries in women who are receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer.

Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been proven to be the most sensitive method in detection of breast cancer with sensitivity reaching 68-100%. The most frequent indication for breast MRI is screening for high-risk patients with a 20% or greater lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. Other indications include; assessment of extent of disease and screening of the contralateral breast in patients who are newly diagnosed with primary breast cancer. Evaluation of residual disease post Breast Conserving Surgery (BCS) with positive margins, loco-regional recurrence detection, as well as response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy are also well visualized by breast MRI. Furthermore, assessment of inconclusive mammography finding without a sonographic correlate, suspicious nipple discharge without a sono-mammographic or galacto-graphic correlate and evaluation of metastatic axillary lymphadenopathy in case of unknown primary tumor are all indications in which breast MRI has shown high sensitivity. Breast MRI also helps in identifying multifocal/multicentric or contralateral breast malignancies which was not detected by conventional imaging. Moreover, MRI gives more accurate data about local extension of invasive breast cancer and in situ tumors than other conventional modalities. In some patients newly diagnosed to have cancer breast, breast MRI is able to detect additional lesions that has not been found in mammography or breast ultrasound in 6 - 34% in the ipsilateral breast and 3 - 5% in the contralateral breast. These additional breast lesions are classified into focus, mass, and non-mass enhancement (NME) on MRI. Non-mass enhancement (NME) is defined as an enhancing abnormality that is not associated with the three-dimension volume of a mass, shape and outlining, and they are separate from the Background Parenchymal Enhancement (BPE). The fifth edition of the American College of Radiology (ACR) Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon has erased some ambiguities, and modified terminologies from the fourth edition to provide more precise evaluation in descriptions of the distribution and Internal Enhancement Patterns (IEPs) of NME, contributes in quality assurance, better communication with physicians, and enhances patient care. For morphological assessment of NME, distribution is described as focal, linear, segmental, regional, multiple regions, and diffuse. And the IEPs are characterized as homogeneous, heterogeneous, clumped, and clustered ring. NME may be benign as Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia (PASH), apocrine metaplasia and radiation effect; high risk such as Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia (ADH), flat epithelial atypia, intraductal papilloma, radial scar or complex sclerosing lesion, or malignant as Ductal Carcinoma in-situ (DCIS), Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC), and Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC).

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Extimia® (INN - empegfilgrastim) in reducing the frequency, duration of neutropenia, the incidence of febrile neutropenia and infections caused by febrile neutropenia in patients with High and "Gray Zone" Risk Reccurrence Breast Cancer, Gastointestinal Cancers and Gynecological Malignancies

CDK 4/6 inhibitors (palbociclib, ribociclib) have taken their place in our practice recently with their clinical benefits in the treatment of hormone-positive and HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer. Abemaciclib, another CDK 4/6 inhibitor, is not frequently preferred because of reimbursement problems in Turkey. The most obvious advantages of CDK 4/6 inhibitors are that they are used orally and have relatively fewer side effects against chemotherapy. Neutropenia, diarrhea, elevation in liver function tests are the main dose-limiting side effects. In the geriatric age group, it can be thought that the expected benefit from the treatment will not be achieved in cases where these side effects cannot be predicted or managed well. The geriatric age group (65 years and older) deserves special attention in oncology practice, considering both the treatments and the disease itself. Although a number of very useful clinical scales have been developed regarding this subject, it is important that the scale used should be comprehensive as well as being easily applicable for integrating it into daily practice. Geriatric 8 (G8) was found to be a highly sensitive test based on a comprehensive geriatric examination, while the Groningen frailty scale with high specificity. The common feature of these two tests is that they are suitable for daily practice as they are easy to fill. In the light of this information, we aimed to examine whether the G8 and Groningen frailty scale could shed light on clinicians in predicting side effects during the use of CDK 4/6 inhibitors (palbociclib and ribociclib) in geriatric breast cancer patients. We also aimed to reveal the adverse events of these CDK 4/6 inhibitors as real-life experience.