Active clinical trials for "Malnutrition"

Linear growth failure, a manifestation of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, is a recalcitrant problem in resource constrained settings. The underlying causes of growth failure are multifactorial, but persistent and recurrent infection and inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and immune activation, a condition commonly referred to as environmental enteropathy, is an important contributor. A highly enriched 13C-Sucrose Breath Test, a measure of sucrase-isomaltase activity, will be evaluated as a non-invasive biomarker of environmental enteropathy, and more specifically of intestinal brush border enzyme activity in 6 resource poor countries (Bangladesh, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Peru and Zambia) in 100 volunteers aged 12-15 months (total n=600) and evaluated relative to the lactose rhamnose test and linear and ponderal growth over a 3-6 month period following biomarker assessment. Field usability will also be assessed.

Underweight is more prevalent in people with a mental handicap than in people without a mental handicap, especially in people with a severe mental handicap. It is unknown if these people are malnourished. There is no validated screening instrument available to determine the nutrition status in people with complex multiple disabilities. Research regarding malnutrition based on body composition and nutrients in stead of anthropometric data is important. The aim of the study is to understand the nutritional status of people with complex multiple disabilitiest through measurement of body composition and nutritients. The primary objective of the study is: What percentage of people with complex multiple disabilities are malnourished, based on altered body composition and nutritients? Understanding the nutritional status of these patients is important in order for them to receive appropriate and effective treatment. This treatment is of interest for general health and the quality of daily life.

Undernutrition is a state marked by energy and/or protein intake deficiency or mal-absorption, and is often described as protein energy malnutrition (PEM). Malnutrition is common in hospitalized patients worldwide. The prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized patients range from 20% - 50%, depends on the varieties of diseases, health system, population and assessment tools. It is well documented in Western countries that malnutrition affects clinical outcomes negatively. Compared with well-nourished patients, patients with malnutrition stay longer in hospitals and related cost is significantly higher. There is increasing evidence which indicates that appropriate nutrition support (e.g., standardized nutrition screening procedures, delivering nutrients with appropriate path, etc) may improve clinical outcome on malnutrition, along with cost saving. To date, there is no study to document specifically the impact of malnutrition and related nutrition support on the health economics in China. Considering China now is on its way to establish public health security system and a diagnosis-related grouping system, the understanding of the cost effectiveness of nutrition support under the current clinical conditions is crucial. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of perioperational malnutrition in gastroenterological cancer patient, the nutrition support status and related health economic effects.

This study investigates if reduced serum levels of vitamin D concentration are a typical feature in patient group with low left ventricular function admitted for cardiac surgery interventions. and also the necessity of more preventive strategies for adequate nutrition of these patients with more focus on intake of vitamin D before admission to cardiac surgery.

In this study, the investigators will investigate and characterize acute medical patients in order to optimize patient courses in the acute care departments, especially with regard to polypharmacy and undernourishment. In addition, the investigators will investigate underlying immunological mechanisms of chronic inflammation and biological aging in this population to improve the current knowledge and possibilities for preventing chronic diseases and acute hospitalization.

This open-label, prospective, controlled intervention study involves evaluating tolerance and acceptability of an Oral Nutrition Supplement (ONS; EnergieShake® 1.5 kcal Complete drink) in 18 adult patients who are already taking an ONS. Following a 2-day baseline data collection on their current ONS, patients switch to the test ONS, which is taken for a further 8 consecutive days. Patients revert to their current ONS at the end of the study. Patients act as their own controls and thus all patients are allocated the same intervention. Daily records of GI tolerance and compliance with the prescribed amount of ONS will be kept for participants throughout the study period. Participants' height and weight will be collected at baseline (weight at end will also be collected), all medications will be documented, and relevant medical and dietary histories will be recorded. A questionnaire at the end of the intervention period will be administered collecting participants' views on the acceptability (taste and palatability) of the test ONS. Taste and palatability will be assessed via a questionnaire that uses a Hedonic scale to quantify preference.

The main objectives of this study were to correlate between inflammatory markers and cbc indices in severly malnourished children and to determine whether children with SAM can mount an acute phase reactant response namely CRP and to evaluate the usefulness of quantitative CRP as a predictor of severe infections in children with SAM. And to correlate between inflammatory markers and CBC indices (mainly white blood cells and platelets in those children .

Upper GI malignancies often lead to involuntary weight loss and nutritional deficits. Nutritional support, both pre- and postoperatively, may improve post-operative course and reduce length of hospital stay. This prospective randomized trial aims to investigate the above mentioned hypothesis and clarify any variants that may differ between the investigation and control group at a statistically significant level.

The purpose of the study is to compare the concentrations of Vitamin B1 (thiamine), Vitamin B6 (pyridoxal-5-phosphate), folate, Vitamin B12 (cobalamin), Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), Vitamin A (retinol), Vitamin E (alfa-tocopherol), homocystein, uric acid, F2 8-α-isoprostane, 8-deoxyguanosine, retinoids, tau-protein and β-amyloid in spinal fluid, metabolomics, proteomics, m-RNA for DNA repair enzymes and DNA in patients who suffer from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia of Alzheimers type, with healthy controls. A second aim is to explore the association between vitamin and nutrient reductions, if any, and cognitive function as well as vascular score and possible changes in the MRI.

A prospective long-term follow up of peritoneal dialysis patients' outcome correlates with nutritional status and body composition.