Active clinical trials for "Malnutrition"

The objective of this trial is to evaluate gut microbiota changes in undernourished patients with anorexia nervosa under enteral nutrition.

Post-marketing observational study of a nutritional care plan, including a higher calorie, higher protein oral nutritional supplement (ONS), prescribed to Spanish patients, both free living and residing and nursing homes, who have been identified as malnourished. The objective is to assess the impact of the ONS on body weight, activities of daily living and quality of life.

Although morbidly obese subjects have larger than regular caloric intake, there is evidence that they suffer from nutritional deficiencies at a higher rate than the general population, probably because they eat mostly "unhealthy food."

Food provision and consumption were assessed for all hospitalized patients over a 24h-period survey. This study is a part of a control quality programme and is performed every 4 years since 1999.

Assessment of malnutrition within 48 hours of birth through anthropometric indices as Weight, Length and Head circumference, Proportionality indices as MAC/HC ratio, Ponderal index and Body mass index, Clinical assessment of nutritional status (CANS) score. Detection of early neonatal morbidities within the first week of life including Hypoglycemia ,Polycythemia, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Neonatal sepsis, Hyperbilirubinemia and Feeding intolerance

Protein-energy malnutrition results from an imbalance between the body's intake and needs. Among the elderly in long-term care, the prevalence of undernutrition varies from 30% to 70%. It is responsible for or aggravates a state of fragility or dependence, and promotes the occurrence of morbidities. It is also associated with worsening prognosis for underlying diseases and increases the risk of death. Nutritional management of undernutrition is an issue, especially in health facilities. Among the various existing nutritional care methods, oral nutritional supplements should be considered in the event of failure of food enrichment measures or even at the outset in undernourished elderly people. However, compliance or acceptance of these products among the elderly remains limited and variable with consumption of oral nutritional supplements ranging between 48% and 94% according to studies, and, because of their ease of prescription, oral supplements are sometimes the only nutritional intervention.

The purpose of this study is to explore the severity of malnutrition and inflammation in Taiwanese hemodialysis patients.

Background. The Covid-19 pandemic reached France in January 2020 and the French government decreed the confinement of the population for eight weeks, from March 17 to May 10, 2020. Dental surgeries were closed and only dental emergency services were provided. Dental surgeries reopened on May 11th, with a limited focus on urgent care, by applying new occupational hygiene standards to limit the circulation of SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus. Hypothesis. From May 11th, chronic patients and elderly patients who come to the hospital for dental consultations will have two risks of malnutrition:

Background. Decreased taste and smell contribute to loss of appetite (anorexia), and the resulting protein-energy malnutrition increases the frailty of the elderly. The risk of falls, disability, infections and depression often requires them to be institutionalized. Elderly, undernourished and toothless patients often complain about the monotony of a soft, mixed-texture diet. In a previous study, some participants highlighted the pleasure of crunching cookies that have a solid texture that can be eaten in any dental condition. However, the age-related decrease in hearing (presbyacusis) is frequent and progressive from the age of 60. The hypothesis of this work is that older patients may perceive a crunchy food crunching in their mouth, despite presbycusis. If the hypothesis is verified, this would make geriatric caregivers aware of the possibility of diversifying the texture of food, in order to stimulate the pleasure of eating and increase the dietary intake in this population of patients who are often undernourished, dysphagic, edentulous and hearing impaired. The originality of this study is to share the expertise of geriatricians and specialists in mastication/swallowing (dental surgeon, speech-language pathologist), hearing (ENT doctor, hearing care professional) and nutrition (dietician). Type of study. Type of study MR-004 "Research not involving the human person". Protocol. Compare the noise and pleasure of crunching between two hyperprotein nutritional supplements: a soft filled cookie (Nutra Cake™, Délical, France) and a crunchy cookie of the Breton type (Protibis™, Solidages, France). Blind study impossible: each subject will eat a cookie then the other in a random order and will be his own control. The tests will be performed without the possible hearing aids, but with or without the dentures according to the patient's preference. Indeed, some patients have dental prostheses that are no longer suitable for chewing, and that they wear only for aesthetics. Objective. Validate the evaluation criteria "Do you hear the biscuit crunch?" and "Is it a pleasure?" If so, encourage diversification with crunchy foods with a suitable texture, as well as dental and prosthetic rehabilitation of dependent elderly people.

In the United States, African Americans are 3.6 time and Hispanics 1.5 times more likely to suffer from chronic kidney disease and need dialysis treatment for life, when compared to the non-Hispanic Whites. Unfortunately many dialysis patients die, so that after 5 years only less than 35% are still alive. Dialysis patients who appear malnourished or who have muscle and fat wasting are even more likely to die. Interestingly, among dialysis patients, minorities (African Americans, Hispanics and Asian Americans) usually survive longer than the non-Hispanic Whites. If the investigators can discover the reasons for these so-called "racial survival disparities" of dialysis patients, the investigators may be able to improve survival for all dialysis patients and maybe even for many other people who suffer from other chronic diseases. During this 5 year study the investigators would like to test if a different nutrition and diet can explain better survival of minority dialysis patients. The investigators will also test if in additional to nutrition there are 2 other reasons for better survival of minority dialysis patients, namely differences in bone and minerals and differences in social and psychological and mental health. The investigators plan to study 450 hemodialysis patients every 6 months in several dialysis clinics in Los Angeles South Bay area. These subjects will include 30% African Americans, 30% Hispanics, 30% non-Hispanic Whites and 10% Asians. Every 6 months the investigators will examine their nutritional conditions, dietary intake, psycho-social conditions and quality of life, and will recruit 75 new subjects to replace those who left our study as a result of kidney transplantation, death or other reasons. Hence, the investigators estimate studying a total of 1,050 hemodialysis patients over 5 years. Clinical events such as hospital admissions and survival will be followed. Blood samples will be obtained every 6 months for measurements of hormones and "biomarkers", and the remainder of the blood will be stored in freezers for future measurements. The investigators plan to design and develop race and ethnicity specific nutritional risk scores and food questionnaires and will test some of these scores in larger national databases of hemodialysis patients. Almost a year after the study starts, the investigators also plan to do additional tests of body composition and dietary intake in a smaller group of these patients at the GCRC.