Active clinical trials for "Breast Neoplasms"

This phase IIb trial studies the combined effect of prolonged nightly fasting and metformin hydrochloride extended release in decreasing breast tumor cell proliferation and other biomarkers of breast cancer. Preventing invasive breast cancer or DCIS. Metformin is widely used to treat type II diabetes and is associated with a decreased risk of cancer and death in diabetic individuals. Intermittent fasting may protect cancer patients from the toxic effects of chemotherapy agents without causing chronic weight loss. The combination of intermittent fasting and metformin may reduce breast cancer growth and may be used in women at risk for breast cancer or other cancers associated with being overweight.

The aim of this study is to determinate if therapeutic exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) during neoadjuvant chemotherapy potentialy neurotoxic could prevent the onset of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) comparing to usual care.

This Feasibility study is trying to determine: If Lymphoscintigraphy (imaging of the lymphatic drainage patterns) is effective in demonstrating the drainage to the sentinel lymph nodes in patients with inflammatory breast cancer. The likelihood of identifying the sentinel lymph nodes in the operating room, using both blue dye and the radioactive substance used for lymphoscintigraphy. The incidence of lymphedema (arm swelling which occurs after lymph node surgery) in women with inflammatory breast cancer Outcomes for women with inflammatory breast cancer, whether or not the sentinel lymph nodes can be identified.

The gold standard of surgical treatment for patients with early breast cancer (BC) is breast conservation and sentinel node biopsy (SNB). Ongoing randomized trials are evaluating to omit surgery at all when axillary imaging is negative. However, the available diagnostic tools still have several limitations in accuracy. Combining the specificity of PET, with the superior sensitivity of MRI, hybrid PET/MRI might be a non-invasive, one-stage, operator-independent imaging method to accurately define nodal status and, whenever negative, might replace surgery for axillary staging. The project includes patients with <3 cm BC without overt nodal involvement who will undergo PET/MRI prior to surgery. The primary aim is to compare the staging power between SNB and PET/MRI in detecting axillary lymph node macrometastases (>2 mm). Additionally, general concordance and diagnostic accuracy of PET/MRI vs SNB, eventual correlation with BC molecular subtypes and MRI findings will be evaluated.

The National Cancer Institute estimated 625 thousand new cases of cancer (excluding cases of non-melanoma skin cancer) in Brazil for each year between 2020-2022. In 2018, there were 2.1 million new cases of breast cancer in the world, being the first in the ranking of cancers in women. Practices in healthy eating and exercise can protect and / or decrease the risk of breast cancer and improve treatment results. Breast cancer treatments cause cardiovascular changes due to age-related factors, pre-existing chronic diseases and comorbidities such as obesity, smoking and dyslipidemia. Obesity is associated with the development of several types of cancer, including breast cancer. Therapies for breast cancer have a strong association with impaired cardiac function, ranging from permanent, transient cardiotoxic effects and changes in lipid metabolism. In addition to the cardiotoxic effects, the pathophysiology of cancer and treatment favor the appearance of muscle changes, such as sarcopenia. There is sufficient evidence to support that exercise improves fitness before, during and after the completion of cancer treatment. Pre-qualification in cancer treatment is an opportunity to increase physiological reserves before neoadjuvant therapies or surgery, with the intention of improving results and accelerating recovery. It can be composed of physical exercises, nutritional interventions, and psychosocial. Excess weight or depletion are factors that negatively influence surgical and cancer outcomes. In view of the evidence, the aim of this project is to evaluate the effectiveness of physical exercise in a surgical pre-habilitation program for women diagnosed with breast cancer undergoing cancer treatment with a curative therapeutic proposal at the National Cancer Institute in Rio de Janeiro. This is a randomized clinical trial, where patients will be randomly allocated to the Intervention Group and the Control Group. The patients in the intervention group will be instructed to practice physical exercises at home until the date of surgery and those in the control group will only be instructed to maintain their usual activities. All patients will be guided individually by a nutritionist with a view to a healthier nutritional status and control of comorbidities.

Phase III, international multicentre, parallel group, blinded, 1:1 randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of an intraoperative intravenous lidocaine infusion on reducing the development of persistent pain 3-months after breast cancer surgery.

Statins, a major class of drugs for treatment of hypercholesterolemia, are widely used due to a notable prevention of cardiovascular disease, and accumulating evidence proposes a promising role of statins in breast cancer

Controversy in axillary reverse mapping in axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) possibly results from incomplete recognition of the arm lymphatic system (ALS) and its compromise to oncological safety. The iDEntification and Preservation of ARm lymphaTics (DEPART) technique facilitates complete identification of ALS; therefore, its use may decrease the occurrence of arm lymphedema. This study aimed to examine the arm lymphedema rate, locoregional recurrence, and feasibility to perform DEPART in ALND. In the study group, indocyanine green and methylene blue (MB) were utilized to identify arm sentinel nodes, and 0.1 ml MB was injected into the arm sentinel nodes to reveal the subsequent-echelon nodes and lymphatics. Gross arm lymph nodes were examined by intraoperative partial frozen section and were removed if positive. Arm lymphedema, local recurrence, regional recurrence, and distant metastasis were recorded at different follow-up examinations.

This randomized trial will test the effect of a prospective surveillance program for early detection and subclinical management of breast cancer-related lymphedema on the prevalence of chronic lymphedema.

Women at risk for development of breast cancer and experiencing vasomotor menopausal symptoms (hot flashes) will be randomized to bazedoxifene (BZA) plus conjugated estrogens (CE) for 6 months versus a wait list control. Two risk factors for development of breast cancer will be studied pre-study and after 6 months: fibroglandular volume (FGV) on mammogram as assessed by Volpara software and proliferation by Ki-67 immunocytochemistry in benign breast tissue acquired by random periareolar fine needle aspiration (RPFNA). Change in biomarkers will be compared between groups.