Active clinical trials for "Breast Neoplasms"

Although treatment is started with surgery in early stage tumors depending on the molecular subtype, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the initial treatment in locally advanced tumors or if axillary lymph node involvement is present. Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) has been used for a very long time in the traditional approach to the treatment of breast cancer. The current approach in patients with early stage, clinically negative breast cancer of the axilla is sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). SLNB is done to evaluate the axilla in both early stage tumors and suitable patients after NAC. According to ACOSOG Z1071, when at least 3 lymph nodes were removed using lymphoscintigraphy and blue dye for SLNB, the false-negative rate was found to be less than 10% in patients with proven axillary involvement, and SLNB was shown to be feasible after NAC. Targeted axillary dissection (TAD) is a procedure that includes SLND with removal of the lymph node identified and marked as containing metastatic disease before treatment. Multiple clinical studies have shown that TAD is a viable option to reduce false-negativeness in patients with breast cancer after NAC. In patients with axillary involvement, a metallic clip is placed in the suspected lymph node prior to neoadjuvant therapy and a radioactive iodine-125 seed is implanted into the target after completion of chemotherapy, and during TAD, the core node is removed using a radioactive probe. Today, the applicability of these procedures is difficult due to both the cost and the absence of nuclear medicine units in some hospitals. For this reason, alternative methods that can be applied more easily in the evaluation of the axilla after NAC are being investigated. SPOT ENDOSCOPIC MARKER is an FDA (American Food and Drug Administration) approved Carbon Black Tattoo paint that has been used for a long time to mark lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. Its shelf life is 20 months. In our project, in patients with lymph node involvement in the axilla who have had a metallic clip placed with biopsy before NAC, the lymph node will be marked with a Spot Endoscopic Marker simultaneously, and the permanence of the spot marker dye will be evaluated by excising the clip-marked and black-painted lymph node in addition to the methylen blue injected during the operation. The reliability of the use of Spot Endoscopic Marker, which is much cheaper instead of clips, for permanent axillary marking in TAD will be evaluated.

Small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) that target HER2 are routinely used to treat patients with HER2 (+) breast cancer. The main adverse reactions included diarrhea, nausea, and rash, among which diarrhea had the highest incidence. It can reduce the quality of life and medication compliance of patients, and further affect the efficacy of TKI anti-tumor therapy. Therefore, the investigators conducted this study to establish a risk assessment model before TKI treatment, in order to screen out the high-risk population and influencing factors of TKI-associated diarrhea, and planned to carry out corresponding animal experiments to verify the relationship between various mechanisms and the main mechanism in TKI-associated diarrhea and to explore the corresponding treatment methods.

Researchers are doing this study to look at whether sexual health counselling and using non-hormonal moisturizer at the start of ovarian suppression may be able to prevent or reduce side effects such as vaginal dryness and sexual dysfunction. Researchers will compare how effective this prevention intervention works compared to the usual approach, which is to treat these side effects after they start. All participants will also complete surveys about their sexual health. This information will help researchers learn more about the sexual health of women with breast cancer receiving ovarian suppression.

This Clinical Trial is investigating the potential efficacy of axitinib after genetic testing in BRCA 1/2 Mutation patients, regardless of HER2 expression, who have progressed after at least one line of standard treatment or for whom there is no consensus treatment approach. The use of Axitinib may help physicians plan for more effective patient care in combination with existing treatment protocols.

This is an open-label single photon emission tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) study to investigate the imaging performance of 99mTc-MIRC213 in breast cancer patients. A single dose of 11.1-14.8Mega-Becquerel (MBq) per kilogram body weight 99mTc-MIRC213 will be injected intravenously. Visual and semiquantitative method will be used to assess the SPECT/CT images.

The potential cardiovascular toxicity of tumor treatment and its resulting cardiovascular events have gradually become an important health risk for tumor survivors. Prevention and early identification of cardiovascular toxicity has now become one of the bottlenecks in improving the prognosis of cancer patients. Compared to conventional echocardiographic indicators, new ultrasound technology based on speckle tracking imaging (STI) has shown superiority in the diagnosis, risk stratification and prognosis evaluation of cardiovascular diseases. Crocin, one of the main active components of saffron, has been found protective effect on cardiovascular toxicity in basic studies. This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center clinical study to observe the effect of crocin on cardiovascular function caused by breast cancer treatment. One hundred and twenty breast cancer patients planning to undergo radiotherapy or chemotherapy will be included and randomly divided into a crocin group and a placebo group to observe the effect of total saffron tablets on cardiovascular function in patients with early breast cancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Participants will take crocin or placebo (4 tablets/time, 3 times a day) during each cycle of chemotherapy for 8 days, started on the 1st day before radiotherapy/chemotherapy. Follow-up was performed every 3 months after enrollment, and the follow-up period was 6 months. Primary study endpoints include the differences between groups in the difference in LVEF and GLS measured by echocardiography at the end of the experiment compared to baseline. Secondary study endpoint include the differences in the incidence rates of serum troponin exceeding the upper limit of normal value and NT-proBNP higher than the normal age reference value, the frequency and duration of chest tightness, chest pain and palpitation, the degree of arrhythmia and ST-T changes displayed by dynamic electrocardiogram, the other echocardiographic parameters (the E/e', global circumferential strain, global radial strain, 3D-GAS, LV torsion, LV rotation/derotation velocity, SDI, RVFWS, and indexes of left ventricular diastolic function and right ventricular function) at the end of the experiment compared to baseline between the two groups.

Breast irradiation is known to cause radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) many years later after radiotherapy. Recent studies suggest that RIHD could be an earlier complication and that subclinical cardiac injury can be detected such as myocardial perfusion defects. Myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a sensitive and specific technique able to detect perfusion abnormalities which are more frequent in left-sided breast cancer patients because of the cardiac exposure. The most used technique for breast cancer irradiation is tangential opposed field, but this technique exposes the left anterior descending coronary artery to high dose during left breast irradiation. There are different cardiac sparing techniques to reduce heart exposure such as: Deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) which displaces the heart out of the radiation beam Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) which decreases heart exposure to high doses but changes the dose distribution in the heart and increases lower doses.

This clinical trial examines an investigational scan (64Cu-DOTA-trastuzumab positron emission tomography [PET]/magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) in imaging patients with HER2+ breast cancer that has spread to the brain (brain metastasis). Diagnostic procedures, such as 64Cu-DOTA-trastuzumab PET/MRI, may help find HER2+ breast cancer that has spread to the brain and determine whether cancer in the brain takes up trastuzumab, which may predict for response to trastuzumab deruxtecan (the standard of care chemotherapy).

The study is being conducted to evaluate the tolerance, and safety of HRS-8080 tablets monotherapy and combined with other anti-cancer therapy for metastatic or local advanced breast cancer in adults. To explore the reasonable dosage of HRS-8080 tablets for metastatic or local advanced breast cancer.

The purpose of the study is to measure short-term safety and efficacy of personalized vs. standard mammography screening among 50-67-year aged women. The CE-marked risk model incorporates genetic data, family history, lifestyle/hormonal factors and mammographic density. Consenting women will be 1:1 randomized to a control group receiving no risk measurement and continuing their normal biennial mammography, while women in the intervention group will receive risk measurement and an ensuing risk stratified screening programme. Questionnaire information on life quality, breast cancer worry and anxiety will be collected at baseline and different timepoints later from both groups. The primary endpoint - the fraction of low risk women rejecting the recommended extension of screening interval from 2 to 4 years, will be measured 2 years and 4 years after inclusion. PRSONAL will be a success if this fraction is lower than 30%. Secondary outcomes, include quality of life, breast cancer worry and anxiety. Commitment from the target group is key for success, and interview studies followed by a questionnaire survey among women will feed into construction of a citizen directed web-based Risk Communication Tool. This tool will collect risk information, present the risk estimate and provide individual risk communication, while monitoring involvement, acceptance, and psychosocial consequences of personalized screening. The large volume of individuals undergoing screening, necessitates automated, but individualized interaction with the screened individuals. The tool will constitute such a platform. In total, 962 women will be randomized 1:1 without blinding to a control group assigned to the standard screening program, and an intervention group, which will be offered a risk measurement and risk stratified screening accordingly. Women in the intervention group are stratified into four risk groups. Depending on the risk group the women will be offered a mammography every 1-4 years. The control group are assigned to the standard national screening program with biennial screening. The primary outcome of the study will be the proportion of women in the low risk group, who choose to have the next mammography within two years from the enrollment, indicating that the women will have rejected the proposed de-escalated screening intensity. Moreover, potential harms such as increased anxiety, worry or reduced quality of life will be measured via self-report questionnaires.