Active clinical trials for "Neurodevelopmental Disorders"

The purpose of the proposed research is to study the potential changes in biomarkers of patients with neurodevelopmental disorders in response to treatment in clinical trials or in private psychiatry practice utilizing non-invasive psychophysiological measurements. The investigators plan to obtain psychophysical measurements throughout several periods of treatment.

Objective: The ultimate goal of this project is to enhance the capacity of non-mental health clinicians working in an Emergency Departments (ED) to recognize and initiate further evaluation of children and adolescents at risk for suicide. Aim 1: To re-validate the Risk of Suicide Questionnaire (RSQ), a screening tool that assists non-psychiatric clinicians in rapidly detecting suicide risk in pediatric patients, in a pediatric ED mental health population in the Children s National Medical Center (CNMC) ED. Aim 2: To determine the utility of a suicide screening tool, a revised version of the Risk of Suicide Questionnaire, to detect suicide risk in pediatric patients presenting to the CNMC ED for non-mental health reasons. Study population: The study population includes all patients admitted to the CNMC Emergency Department, ages 10 to 21, during the data collection weeks of the study period. Both patients admitted for mental health and non-mental health reasons will be included in the study. Design: This will be a prospective instrument development /validation study. During a designated study week, all mental health patients and a random subset of non-mental health patients admitted to the CNMC ED will be approached after their triage assessment. Following informed consent and assent, a 17-item suicide assessment tool created for this research project (RSQ-Revised), as well as a brief background questionnaire will be administered. These questions will be validated against a gold standard suicide assessment questionnaire, which will be administered to the subjects directly after the RSQ-Revised. The study aims to develop a brief suicide screening tool to be used at triage for all patients entering the ED. Measures Measures include the proposed 17-item screening questionnaire and a gold standard assessment of suicidal ideation in adolescents, the Suicide Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ).

Describe the prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders among youth with criminal behaviors Explore the relationship between specific neurodevelopmental disorders and the rates and types of crime Examine the roles of psychiatric comorbidities and sociodemographic factors in juvenile criminality

Among risk factors of neurodevelopmental disorder is congenital hearing loss. However, congenital deafness is neither necessary nor sufficient for the occurrence of warning signs of neurodevelopmental disorder. The investigative team hypothesizes that the co-occurrence of these two clinical entities results from a common origin, within a syndromic diagnosis including other medical issues. These situations would therefore be very different from those of babies suffering from isolated sensorineural deafness. This study aims to identify which factors are statistically correlated with the association of congenital deafness and early symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorder, thanks to a partnership between a regional center for psychiatry of deaf children (Therapeutic Childhood and Deafness Unit of St Maurice Hospitals, UTES) and a pediatric audiophonology department (ENT department of the Necker-Enfants Malades hospital). This work is based on a cohort of 26 children under ten months of age diagnosed with severe to profound congenital sensorineural hearing loss. As part of their pre-implantation cochlear assessment, a consultation was filmed to precisely analyze the interactional and sensorimotor skills of these children (clinical observations, administration of a specific evaluation grid called Olliac Grid), after reviewing the films. The investigative team will then be able to grade the neurodevelopmental risk. In order to clarify what factors are linked with a neurodevelopmental risk, medical data concerning the child's family context, birth, and audiological profile will also be collected, and put in perspective with the assessed neurodevelopmental risk gradation.

Research question: The primary aim of this study is to compare the prevalence of motor impairment from birth to five years of age between children born <30 weeks and term-born controls, and to determine whether persistent abnormal motor assessments in the newborn period in those born <30 weeks predict abnormal motor functioning at age five years. Secondary aims for both children born<30 weeks and term children are i) to determine whether novel early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - based structural or functional biomarkers are detectable in the neonatal period that can predict motor impairments at five years, ii) to investigate the association between motor impairments and concurrent deficits in body structure and function at five years of age, and iii) to explore how motor impairments at five years, including abnormalities of gait, postural control and strength, are associated with concurrent functional outcomes including physical activity, cognitive and learning ability, behavioural and emotional problems. Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study. Participants and Setting: 150 preterm children (born <30 weeks) and 151 term-born children (born >36 completed weeks' gestation and weighing>2499 g) admitted to the Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, were recruited at birth and will be invited to participate in a five-year follow-up study. Procedure: This study will examine previously collected data (from birth to two years) that comprises the following: detailed motor assessments and structural and functional brain MRI images. At five years, preterm and term children will be examined using comprehensive motor assessments including the Movement Assessment Battery for Children - 2nd edition and measures of gait function through spatiotemporal (assessed with the GAITRite® Walkway), dynamic postural control (assessed with Microsoft Kinect) variables and hand grip strength (assessed with a dynamometer); and measures of physical activity (assessed using accelerometry), cognitive development (assessed with Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence) and emotional and behavioural status (assessed with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Developmental and Wellbeing Assessment). Caregivers will be asked to complete questionnaires on demographics, physical activity, activities of daily living and motor function (assessed with Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Little Developmental Co-ordination Questionnaire and an activity diary) at the 5 year assessment. Analysis: For the primary aim the prevalence of motor impairment from birth to 5 years will be compared between children born <30 weeks and term-born peers using the proportion of children classified as abnormal at each of the time points (term age, one, two and five years). Persistent motor impairments during the neonatal period will be assessed as a predictor of severity of motor impairment at 5 years of age in children born <30 weeks using linear regression. Models will be fitted using generalised estimating equations with results reported using robust standard errors, to allow for the clustering of multiple births. Discussion/Significance: Understanding the developmental precursors of motor impairment in children born <30 weeks is essential to limit disruption to skill development, and potential secondary impacts on physical activity, participation, academic achievement, self-esteem and associated outcomes, such as obesity, poor physical fitness and social isolation. Better understanding of motor skill development will enable targeting of intervention and streamlining of services to the individuals who are at highest risk of motor impairments.

The advancement in life-saving technologies and clinical expertise in the care of extremely premature infants, have resulted in the development of large neonatal intensive care units (NICU). It has been suggested that reconstruction of megaunits of neonatal intensive care to smaller care units with specific patient population and clinical team providers will be essential to maintain optimal teamwork, quality of care and patient outcome. Despite the growing knowledge around the need for reconstruction of large NICUs to smaller units of care, there is no evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of microsystem model of care on the key aspects of health care. At the McMaster Children's Hospital (MCH), we planned a change from standard model of care to the microsystem model of care and therefore we aimed to prospectively assess the effect of this organizational change on the variable aspects of health care. A working group met weekly to formulate the implementation planning, to review the adaptation and adjustment process and to ascertain the quality of implementation following the initiation of the microsystem model. The study was retrospectively registered.

Paediatric behavioural, developmental, and mental health issues are more common than childhood cancers, cardiac problems, and renal problems combined. Behavioural problems have often been conceptualized along two broad spectrums: internalizing problems which are expressed in intrapersonal manifestation, such as anxiety, depression, and withdrawal; and externalizing problems which are demonstrated in interpersonal manifestation, such as hyperactivity and aggression The lack of attention to the mental health of children and adolescents may lead to mental disorders with lifelong consequences, undermines compliance with health regimens, and reduces the capacity of societies to be safe and productive. As, children and adolescent mental health problems often have serious long term debilitating effects . Early identification and treatment of these problems are in the best interest of children, adolescents, their families, and society as a whole . All three essential ways in which epidemiology can contribute to our understanding of children and adolescent mental health: community burden, measurement, and triage were of utmost importance. planning and conducting the survey. In this study the researchers will present the first large-scale survey of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders at Assiut government For adequate planning of services, including evidence-based mental health prevention and intervention, a population-representative survey of children and adolescent estimating mental disorders was urgently needed

The prospective multicenter study GD-Brain provides a better knowledge on the basis of neurological impairment in children born to mothers with gestational diabetes (GDM). GDM modifies placental structure and affect materno-fetal nutrient transfer. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) play an important role on neurodevelopment, and it is reduced in venous cord blood of newborns born to GDM. In previous studies, we have already demonstrated impaired DHA fetal levels not only using label fatty acids with stable isotopes administrated to pregnant women, but also in observational studies in GDM as the prevention of obesity study (PREOBE study) in Granada and other similar study in Murcia. The impaired cord DHA levels were associated to disturbed neurodevelopment in these children during the first year of life. However, it is uncertain the mechanisms underlying this impaired materno-fetal DHA transfer and implications for later life. The recent publication in Nature Journal of a selective transmembrane carrier for DHA in brain named "major facilitator superfamily domain 2a" (MFSD2a) open new expectations. We detected disturbed MFSD2a levels in placentas from GDM which could be due to structural problems in this organ; inflammation, oxidation and metabolic changes related to diabetes might affect MFSD2a activity. Moreover, it is difficult to know whether disturbed MFSD2a levels in placenta may also indicate altered levels of this carrier in the brain from children born to GDM mothers, which could contribute to neurodevelopment impairment in these subjects. Recent studies also indicate that obesity alters the biosynthesis of eicosanoids derived from DHA, with a decrease of protectins and resolvin of D-series, which have powerful anti-inflammatory properties. The main aim of this study is to analyse potential differences on neurodevelopment, and brain structure and functioning, in children 8 years old born to GDM respect to those born to healthy normoweight mothers, as well as to identify early biomarkers consistently related to neurodevelopment from early stages of life.

Pediatric, developmental and mental health problems are more common than renal, cardiac and renal problems. Compartmental problems were often conceptualised across two broad spectrums: internalising intrapersonal problems like anxiety, depression and withdrawal and externalising problems such as Interpersonal problems such as hyperactivity and aggression. Mental disorders with long-term consequences can result in children and adolescents, undermining health compliance and reducing societies' ability to be safe and productive. As, children and adolescent have long-term deteriorating effects of mental health problems are often serious. Early detection and identification of problems are in the best interest of children, adolescents, their families, and the community as a whole. All three are important. how epidemiology can help our understanding of children and adolescent mental health: the burden of the community, measurement and tracking highly significant. This study will display the first large-scale study of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents in the Egypt . to provide services, including prevention and intervention based on evidence of mental health, a population-representative child survey and adolescent mental estimates disorders were needed urgently

High energy formula more positively affect growth in infants with congenital heart disease compared to standard formula