Active clinical trials for "Mental Disorders"

The main purpose of the CoDISEN cohort study is to propose a model of prevention and care for HIV and viral hepatitis adapted to the needs of people who inject drugs (PWID) in Dakar, Senegal.

As in the general population, there is a gradual and steady increase in life expectancy of patients with schizophrenia. But this increase is at a smaller scale, with a rate of premature death that is still 2 to 3 times higher than that found in the general population. This excessive early mortality is explained by an overrepresentation of suicide deaths, but also a higher prevalence of somatic diseases, mainly cardiovascular. But today there are only very few epidemiological data on the mortality of patients with schizophrenia, including those aged over 60 years. What are the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (psychiatric and somatic) of these schizophrenic elderly patients? Do they benefit from a somatic follow-up adequate and systematic? What are their levels of social independence and of quality of life? the answers these questions and the description of the offer of geriatric care and of psychiatric care currently provided by different sectors of psychiatry in France is an indispensable prerequisite for any project to improve the quality of life, state of health and mortality of older patients with schizophrenia.

The experimental strategy is to develop a specific device about the anesthetic and surgical acts for a subject with a documented psychiatric condition and to benefit from surgery. This device is based on 3 stages: pre-operative phase, Phase perioperative and postoperative phase. A nurse anesthetist will come into contact with the subject the day before surgery. This contact will be concomitant with the pre-anesthesia visit. She explained about the general organization of the arrival in the operating room. The interview will be a minimum of 15 minutes and beyond if necessary. This will be accompanying this the next day in the operating room in order to optimize its hospitality and installing the block, guide the subject through all the steps before falling asleep. Finally, even accompanying will be present upon awakening the subject in the recovery room.

The aim of this study is to measure current affective symptoms and psychological distress in individuals with severe mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic using an online questionnaire survey. In addition, this study aims at identifying individual beliefs, sleep quality, attitudes concerning the virus, the adherence to the measures, believing processes, and coping strategies/resilience patterns referring to COVID-19 in different study centers.

Benzodiazepines are usually a secondary drug of abuse-used mainly to augment the high received from another drug or to offset the adverse effects of other drugs. Few cases of addiction arise from legitimate use of benzodiazepines. Pharmacologic dependence, a predictable and natural adaptation of a body system long accustomed to the presence of a drug, may occur in patients taking therapeutic doses of benzodiazepines. However, this dependence, which generally manifests itself in withdrawal symptoms upon the abrupt discontinuation of the medication, may be controlled and ended through dose tapering, medication switching, and/or medication augmentation. Due to the chronic nature of anxiety, long-term low-dose benzodiazepine treatment may be necessary for some patients; this continuation of treatment should not be considered abuse or addiction. previous study reported that The results of the study are important in that they corroborate the mounting evidence that a range of neuropsychological functions are impaired as a result of long-term benzodiazepine use, and that these are likely to persist even following withdrawal. The findings highlight the residual neurocognitive compromise associated with long-term benzodiazepine therapy as well as the important clinical implications of these results.

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and antipsychotics are drugs commonly prescribed in psychiatry, the former for dementia and the latter for acute and chronic psychotic illness. Both can cause cardiac arrhythmia therefore 12 lead ECG's are recommended before prescribing. The test is often difficult to obtain however, leading to either patients being inconvenienced or drugs prescribed without the test. There are two parts of this study, but both examine the utility of single lead ecg monitoring, one in the memory clinic and the other in inpatient psychiatry wards. The aim to to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the handheld ecg versus the 12 lead and 6 lead ecg, and whether the handheld ecg can be used to screen for ecg abnormalities that would generally lead to a caution or contra-indication for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and anti-psychotic medication. Patients will either be recruited from the outpatient memory clinic or in patient psychiatry wards. Following informed consent baseline demographic data will be collected, and patients will undergo a 12 lead and 6 lead ECG as well as a rhythm strip using the handheld device. Data from this point will be annonymised for future analysis. The psychiatrists ECG report will also be recorded, and a subset of patients will undergo an echocardiogram (to see what proportion of patients with psychiatric disorders have structural heart disease.)

The study aims to assess the impact of implementing ADHD knowledge improvement program on male primary school teachers' knowledge regarding ADHD in Abha City, Saudi Arabia.

Pediatric, developmental and mental health problems are more common than renal, cardiac and renal problems. Compartmental problems were often conceptualised across two broad spectrums: internalising intrapersonal problems like anxiety, depression and withdrawal and externalising problems such as Interpersonal problems such as hyperactivity and aggression. Mental disorders with long-term consequences can result in children and adolescents, undermining health compliance and reducing societies' ability to be safe and productive. As, children and adolescent have long-term deteriorating effects of mental health problems are often serious. Early detection and identification of problems are in the best interest of children, adolescents, their families, and the community as a whole. All three are important. how epidemiology can help our understanding of children and adolescent mental health: the burden of the community, measurement and tracking highly significant. This study will display the first large-scale study of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents in the Egypt . to provide services, including prevention and intervention based on evidence of mental health, a population-representative child survey and adolescent mental estimates disorders were needed urgently

REM (Rapid Eye Movements) Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by episodes of elaborate or violent motor activity during dreams, which can lead to injury and sleep disruption in patient and / or his/her spouse. This is due to the loss of the normal muscle atonia during REM Sleep. RBD is often associated to neurodegenerative diseases, and may even precede them for several years as an early marker. Currently, there is no scale or tool for assessing the severity of RBD. Nevertheless, it is crucial to have a tool of severity when one wants to study the natural evolution of this disorder, as well as the possible effect of a drug in the context of a clinical trial. A Severity Scale of RBD has recently been proposed within the International RBD Study Group and an international validation study in several languages is being considered. The main objective of this study is to validate a new scale of severity of the REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD Severity Scale or RBDSS) and to characterize its metrological properties, in particular its concurrent validity, internal consistency and reproducibility

The perception of music requires coordinated neural activities in distributed multi-functional centers across both hemispheres. The association between musical abilities and other general cognitive functions have been studied in several populations with inconsistent results. Schizophrenia is a major mental disorder that is strongly associated with cognitive deficits. These often appear before the onset of psychotic symptoms and persist throughout effective treatment of positive and negative symptoms. Like other disorders of psychosis, schizophrenia features general deficits in auditory memory and sensory processing. Recently, Sawada et al. (2014) and Wen et al. (2014) studied music abilities in Japanese and Chinese schizophrenic populations. They both used a standardized assessment for amusia called Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA) and found marked impairments in perception of scale, contour, interval, rhythm, meter and memory. Both studies showed that deficits in music perception were associated with cognitive deficits and negative symptoms. In regards to positive symptoms, Wen et al., but not Sawada et al., found a significant association. The present clinical study will assess musical abilities using the MBEA in a Canadian population with and without refractory psychosis. It will explore associations between musical deficits, positive and negative psychiatric symptomology and cognition. The patient population will have a diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, affective disorder with psychosis or non substance-related psychosis who were referred to the British Columbia Psychosis Program (BCPP) due to inadequate or no response to at least two trials of antipsychotics. A focus on refractory psychosis may provide greater insights because these patients have relatively more pronounced psychiatric symptoms and cognitive deficits. It will also be valuable to administer the MBEA assessment on a Canadian population, because the test was originally intended for Western populations and its musical phrases were designed with Western tonalities.