Active clinical trials for "Metabolic Syndrome"

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is with 25% the most prevalent liver disorder in Western society and is associated with overweight, obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). NAFLD is defined by a hepatic fat accumulation of more than 5% in the absence of classical causes of steatogenesis (e.g. alcohol and steatogenic drugs). It represents a broad spectrum of clinical entities from steatosis to advanced liver disease with hepatic failure. Most of the patients have simple steatosis, however in about 15-30% non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) develops, which leads to an overall increase in morbidity and mortality due to the progression to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients with NAFLD have no or few, mainly specific symptoms; and generally there is a silent progression of simple steatosis to NASH and in the end liver-related morbidity and mortality. Despite the clinical importance and the potential impact on healthcare resources, the majority of NAFLD patients are currently not detected due to the lack of non-invasive methods to diagnose NAFLD. To date, the prevalance of NAFLD in Turkey among subjects at risk, and its relation to common comorbidities such as obesity, T2DM and CVD is not clear. Therefore, identification of NAFLD patients in this cohort will give information on the prevalence in the group of uncomplicated overweight and obesity and those with concomitant cardiometabolic diseases. By early detecting these patients at risk to develop progressive liver diseases and extrahepatic manifestations, it will be possible to intervene and improve health. Within this context, this study aims to detect prevalence of NAFLD among risk groups. Also, the risk factors related to NAFLD etiology and progression, such as overweight, obesity, T2DM, CVD, diet and physical activity will be studied to have a better understanding of their presumed causal relationship with NAFLD.

Heart disease and diabetes are leading causes of death and disability in the US, especially among Veterans. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling condition that also affects many Veterans. New research suggests that PTSD further increases the risk of developing heart disease and diabetes. What causes this increased risk is unknown. However, individuals with PTSD are often less physically active and make more unhealthy dietary choices than individuals without PTSD. Maintaining a physically active lifestyle, staying physically fit, and eating a healthy diet may be important for reducing the PTSD related risk for heart disease, diabetes and disability. The proposed research seeks to assess how important these lifestyle factors are for reducing the risk of heart disease, diabetes and disability in Veterans with and without PTSD. A better understanding of these lifestyle factors and cardiometabolic health in Veterans will help to clarify how lifestyle interventions can best be applied to the prevention and treatment of long-term disability in Veterans. Aim 1: To examine physical activity participation as a mechanism linking PTSD to cardiometabolic health and functioning in post-9/11 Veterans. This study will longitudinally assess associations between PTSD diagnosis, physical activity, cardiometabolic health, and functioning over time in 250 TRACTS participants. H1-1: Total self-report physical activity will mediate the effects of PTSD on cardiometabolic health and functioning over time, such that lower physical activity will increase the detrimental effect of PTSD on cardiometabolic health and functioning. H1-2: physical activity intensity will moderate the effect physical activity has on cardiometabolic health and functioning. Aim 2: To examine diet quality as a mechanism linking PTSD to cardiometabolic health and functioning in post-9/11 Veterans. This study will longitudinally assess associations between PTSD diagnosis, diet quality, cardiometabolic health, and functioning over time in 200 TRACTS participants. H2: Self-report dietary intake will mediate the effects of PTSD on cardiometabolic health and functioning over time, such that a poor diet will increase the detrimental effect of PTSD on cardiometabolic health and functioning. Supplemental Aim: To validate the use of a self-report clinical measure of physical activity against objective measure obtained via accelerometry. Objective measurement of physical activity is not often accessible or feasible for VA providers (e.g., time constraints). It is essential that quick self-report physical activity measures accurately reflect the physical activity of Veterans. This study will compare data from a self-report clinical physical activity measure to objectively measured physical activity/sedentary time (i.e., accelerometry), cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiometabolic health, functioning, and PTSD symptom severity in 100 post-9/11 Veterans. H1A-1: Self-report and objective measurement of physical activity will be significantly correlated. H1A-2: Both self-report and objectively measured physical activity/sedentary time will be associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiometabolic health, functioning, and PTSD symptom severity.

Among African-American women, in whom metabolic syndrome (MetS) is very prevalent and breast cancer mortality rates are high, it is hypothesized that intervening on MetS to improve the MetS profile may prove to be a means to reduce breast cancer risk. Specific recommendations for breast cancer prevention are now focused on maintaining a healthy weight via increased physical activity levels, and losing weight if overweight or obese. This pilot project compares two exercise interventions: a supervised facility-based and a home-based exercise intervention to a control group in African-American women with metabolic syndrome who are at high risk for breast cancer. This study is a 6-month three-arm RCT to assess the impact of the exercise interventions on biomarkers related to obesity, insulin-related pathways, inflammation, hormones, and micro-RNAs. The specific aim of the proposed study is to compare the impact of a supervised facility-based and a home-based exercise intervention on obesity, metabolic syndrome and known breast cancer biomarkers in postmenopausal African-American women with metabolic syndrome who are at increased risk of breast cancer.

This project will examine habitual physical activity, bone health, and insulin resistance in pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoma cancer survivors at two time points: baseline and 6 months. At the two study timepoints, all study participants will be asked to wear an accelerometer, receive a DXA scan of the lumbar spine and hip, and have blood drawn for analysis. Study participants will be given a gift card stipend for each study visit attended. Study visits will coincide with regular office visits to Children's Hospital Oncology Clinic and the Children's Hospital Survivorship Clinics whenever possible. The potential mechanism by which physical activity mediates bone changes will be explored by concurrently measuring changes in lean/fat mass and metabolic status. This pilot study will provide data to inform the design of a randomized controlled trial to test the effect of a physical activity intervention on bone health in PCS.

A major contributing factor to the rising waist circumference of U.S. young adults is the increase in snacking behavior. Both the frequency of snacking during the day and the percentage of adults who engage in snacking has risen; national data indicates snacking comprises 15-25% of the total daily caloric intake of young and middle-aged adults. The overarching hypothesis, based on significant preliminary data, is that the quantity and metabolic function of abdominal fat is a key intermediary factor by which greater tree nut consumption reduces ectopic lipid storage (including the accumulation of intra-abdominal [visceral] fat), improves fatty acid and lipoprotein metabolism, reduces systemic inflammation and insulin resistance, and thus, reduces risk for MetS in millennial-generation age individuals.

This study is designed to investigate whether the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor Empagliflozin reduces sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity in humans.

Objective: The Nanshan Elderly Cohort Study (NECS) aims to investigate the nutritional, as well as other environmental and genetic factors of chronic diseases, such as cardio-metabolic diseases. Study design: NECS is a community-based prospective cohort study. Participants: About 10000-20000 apparently healthy residents, living in Nanshan， Shenzhen (South China) for >5 years, aged ≥ 65 years, will be recruited between 2018 and 2019. Visits and Data Collection: Participants will be followed up approximately every 3 years by invited to the Community Healthcare Service Centre. At each survey, face-to-face interviews, anthropometric measurements, ultrasonography examination, electrocardiogram test and specimen collection will be conducted. Key variables: Face-to-face interviews: Structured questionnaires will be used to collect the participants' socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyles, habitual dietary intake, physical activity, history of chronic diseases, use of supplements and medications, family history, psychological health and cognitive function. Physical examinations: Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure tests, handgrip strength, and usual gait speed. Ultrasonography examinations: Ultrasonography examination will be performed to determine carotid artery intima-media thickness and plaque, fatty liver. Electrocardiogram test: Electrocardiogram test is to obtain information about the structure and function of the heart. Specimen collections: Overnight fasting blood sample, early morning first-void urine sample and faeces samples will be collected and stored at -80°C till tests. Laboratory tests: Blood tests: Metabolic syndrome-related indices; nutritional indices; inflammatory markers; sexual hormones; genetic markers. Urinary tests: Flavonoids and flavones, minerals, creatinine and renal function related markers. Fecal test: Gut microbiota and related metabolites. Morbidity and mortality: Relevant data will be also retrieved via local multiple Health information systems. Others: Many other laboratory tests or instrument tests will be developed depended on needs and resources in future.

The FitKids study is a mother-child observational cohort study on obesity and metabolism in children three years of age. The study will follow up on the FitMum and FitBaby studies, conducted from 2018-2022. The children in FitKids are born by mothers who completed the FitMum study, a single-site three-armed RCT, targeting physical activity during pregnancy. 220 pregnant women were randomly assigned to one of three arms during pregnancy: structured supervised exercise training, motivational counselling supported by health technology, or a control group receiving standard treatment. From inclusion and until one-year post-partum, the women wore an activity tracker 24/7 providing important information about adherence to the prescribed intervention. The primary objective of the FitKids study is to investigate the effect of lifestyle interventions during pregnancy on body composition (fat percentage measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) and risk of childhood obesity in off-springs. The secondary objectives are to investigate the effect of lifestyle interventions during pregnancy on obesity-associated dys-metabolic traits and mental health in off-springs as well as to gain insight into presumed causal factors for overweight and obesity in children. The investigators hypothesize that children of mothers, who during their participation in FitMum, received an intervention will have a healthier body composition expressed as a fat percentage within the normal range for a 3-year-old child compared to children of mothers in the control group.

Cardiovascular and associated hypertensive diseases are the leading health burden and cause of mortality worldwide; therefore, the necessity for effective interventions is paramount. Dietary interventions to improve cardiovascular health are highly sought after as they possess less risk and financial burden than pharmacological drugs. Our previous randomized trial has shown that oral peppermint can improving systolic blood pressure and other cardiovascular/ blood lipids in healthy individuals. However, to date, no research has explored this using a placebo randomized intervention in patients with hypertension. Therefore, the primary purpose of the proposed investigation is to test the ability of oral peppermint oil supplementation to improve cardiometabolic parameters in participants with mild-moderate hypertension.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a vegan diet (supplemented with vitamin B12) and an mediterranean diet on performance, cardiorespiratory fitness, metabolic health, immune status, and environmental impact in healthy adults.