Active clinical trials for "Metabolic Syndrome"

Evaluation of the effect of ingestion of high RS-cookies prepared from high amylose corn starch on food intake and appetite control of a cohort of healthy students. Cookies were prepared with increasing RS content and were fed to 18 healthy students in a blind trial versus a placebo. Parameters of interest were: short and long time intake (ad libitum test meal and 12 h diet diaries, respectively).

Objectives: To compare the acute effects of gamma delta rich tocotrienol fractions (gd-TRF) on insulin sensitivity, metabolic risk markers and postprandial lipemia in individuals at risk for metabolic syndrome. Hypothesis: Gamma delta-rich TRF will improve insulin sensitivity, metabolic risk markers and postprandial lipemia in individuals at risk for metabolic syndrome.

The objective of this study is to determine the combined effects of a high-protein diet and high-intensity training on metabolic syndrome risk factors in women aged 30-65.

The overaccumulation of apolipoprotein (apo)B-48-containing lipoproteins of intestinal origin observed in patients with insulin-resistance is now thought to be attributable to both elevated intestinal production and reduced clearance of these lipoproteins. Substantial evidence exists indicating that elevated plasma levels of these lipoproteins are associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Therefore, reduction of atherogenic plasma TRL levels of intestinal origin appears to be crucial to improve CVD risk associated with insulin-resistance. In this regard, there is some evidence that the clinical recommendation to replace dietary saturated fatty acids (SFAs) by n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduces CVD risk in the general population. Although the beneficial impact of n-6 PUFAs on CVD risk has been related primarily to favorable changes in plasma LDL-cholesterol levels, recent data suggest that chronic n-6 PUFA consumption may also exert beneficial effects on CVD risk by reducing postprandial lipemia. The impact of substituting SFAs by n-6 PUFAs on postprandial lipid response may be of even greater significance in dyslipidemic patients with insulin-resistance among whom intestinal triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) represent a large proportion of the atherogenic lipoproteins. The general objective of the proposed research is to investigate how dietary n-6 PUFAs in place of SFAs modify intestinal lipoprotein metabolism in men with dyslipidemia associated with insulin-resistance. The investigators hypothesize that the intestinal secretion of apoB-48-containing lipoproteins will be lower following a diet rich in n-6 PUFAs than after consuming a diet rich in SFAs. The investigators also hypothesize that substitution of SFAs by n-6 PUFAs will be associated with significant alterations in expression of key genes and proteins involved in intestinal lipoprotein metabolism.

Lifestyle modifications, including healthy food intake, exercise, and suppression of tobacco smoking, constitute the most powerful tool to fight chronic diseases. Antioxidants and fiber, two components of Mediterranean diets, are key functional elements for healthy eating and nutrition. We prepared flour from wine grape pomace (WGPF), a rich source of antioxidant and fiber, to be used as an ingredient for functional foods and as a dietary supplement to increase the intake of dietary fiber and bioactive compounds. WGPF was obtained from red grapes (Cabernet Sauvignon variety, Chile). The byproduct of pressing crushed grapes after alcoholic fermentation was dried, grounded and stored. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of red wine grape pomace flour intake on glycaemia, plasma lipid profile, plasma antioxidants (vitamin C and E), oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.

High intake of insoluble fiber is strongly associated with a reduced incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular events in prospective observation studies. Our primary objective is to compare a life style diabetes prevention program(PRAEDIAS) with and without added insoluble fibers in its effectiveness to prevent incident diabetes type 2 in high risk individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. Subjects with IGT not willing to participate in the intervention will be used as independent controls. Secondary aims are to identify mechanisms of action with regard to body composition, anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects of fibers. We propose a randomized, prospective intervention study. The results will be of general relevance for guidance of fiber intake in the population and will help the food industry to design healthy high fiber foods. Fiber can be added at low cost to numerous foods. Increased fiber intake may therefore provide a simple non-cognitive prevention strategy effective at the population level.

Sedentary lifestyles and increasing obesity are main causes of the global increase in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (Mets) and type 2 diabetic (T2DM). Diet quality, particularly composition of carbohydrate play also a significant role. Barley, oat and rye may in addition to reducing the acute post prandial glucose response also reduce glucose response at a subsequent meal. Purified dietary fibre has been shown to reduce GI and affect levels of satiety hormones. In contrast, our knowledge of the physiological effect of arabinoxylan, which constitute a substantial part of dietary fibre in cereal products, is limited in relation to second meal effects. The investigators also lack knowledge of the second meal effect of arabinoxyan in combination with rye kernels. Hypothesis: Porridge rich in arabinoxylan and/or whole rye kernels can increase the formation of short chain fatty acids and improve the glycemic response. The aim of the present study is to compare the effect of porridge test meals based on purified arabinoxylan, rye kernels, a combination of arabinoxylan and rye kernels, and semolina porridge as control on acute postprandial response as well as response at a subsequent standardized meal. The study will be conducted in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. The primary endpoint is glucose response. Secondary endpoints are the following items: insulin, incretins, inflammatory markers, ghrelin, free fatty acids, metabolomics, breath hydrogen and subjective satiety feeling. This project will improve opportunities for identifying and designing foods with low GI that is particularly suited to people who are at high risk of developing T2DM. The investigators also expect to gain a greater understanding of the metabolic fingerprint, as seen after ingestion of low-GI foods and thereby gain a molecular understanding of how low-GI foods affect health by altering metabolic processes. This will give us a deeper insight into the metabolic processes that are necessary for maintaining normal glucose homeostasis

The study is designed to answer the following questions: Is hypogonadism a cause for the metabolic syndrome ? What is the effect of testosterone replacement on the metabolic parameters ?

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the first cause of mortality in industrialized countries such as Canada and the United States. In that regard, it is being increasingly recognized that a significant proportion of CVD events may be attributable to the presence of a cluster of metabolic and physiological perturbations defined as the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The National Cholesterol Education Program- Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) has recently proposed a clinical definition to identify individuals with the MetS. This definition is based on the presence of at least three of the following five characteristics: 1- abdominal obesity, 2- hypertriglyceridemia, 3- reduced plasma HDL-C levels, 4- high blood pressure, 5- high fasting blood glucose levels. Recent data have suggested that the MetS based on this definition was associated with a 2 to 5 fold increase in the risk of CVD in men as well as in women. These are alarming figures since it has been suggested that as much as 35 to 45% of female aged > 65 years in the US may have the MetS. It is therefore imperative to develop new preventive strategies that will be efficacious in attenuating the impact of the MetS on the progressing rates of CVD in women. In that context, there is accumulating evidence to suggest that milk and dairy products may beneficially modify several components of the MetS. However, most of the available data to date are based on observational studies or interventional studies with minimal nutritional control. Thus, metabolically controlled studies that document the impact of milk consumption on cardiovascular risk factors associated with the MetS in women defined a priori as having the MetS are utterly lacking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of milk consumption on features of the MetS in menopausal women presenting one or more features of the MetS.

Dietary polyphenols might have beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism based on the studies made in animals or cell cultures. The findings regarding the possible decrease of low-grade inflammation are existing also in humans. Low-grade inflammation has been suggested to be a mechanistic link between obesity and its consequences on cardiometabolic health. The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of diet rich in berries on glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammatory markers.