Active clinical trials for "Metabolic Syndrome"

The survey is designed to investigate whether 8 weeks of discrete two-day intermittent fasting per week will impact gut microbiota and cardiovascular risks of metabolic syndrome subjects.

The Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial will evaluate the effects of providing one avocado per day for recommended consumption over a 6 month period in a cohort of approximately 1000 free-living participants with increased waist circumference in comparison with a control group that will maintain their habitual diets. Participants will be recruited and screened at 4 clinics in 4 locations: Pennsylvania State University; Loma Linda University; UCLA, and Tufts University (250 per site).

Obesity, characterized by an increase in body weight that results in excessive fat accumulation, is a global health problem. Recently, it has also been shown that obesity is associated with low-grade chronic systemic inflammation in adipose tissue. This condition is mediated by activation of the innate immune system in adipose tissue that promotes inflammation and oxidative stress and triggers a systemic acute-phase response. Previous research points towards the potential of phytochemicals in food as part of nutritional strategies for the prevention of obesity and associated inflammation, as well as, increase in insulin sensitivity in diabetic patients. In addition, there is strong evidence that obesity is inversely associated with vitamin D levels. The major cause of vitamin D deficiency in humans is the lack of adequate sun exposure. Unfortunately, very few foods, i.e. mushrooms, naturally contain vitamin D and foods that are fortified with vitamin D are inadequate to satisfy vitamin D requirements. The last decade, mushrooms have attracted the research interest as functional foods with desirable health benefits in several metabolic disorders without the side effects of pharmacological treatment. Edible mushrooms are highly nutritious and exhibit beneficial effects on several inflammatory diseases such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes,, high blood pressure. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine the effects of nutritious mushrooms in adults with Metabolic Syndrome. More specifically, 100 participants will be allocated to two groups, namely intervention group (N=50) and control group (N=50). Vitamin D2-enhanced mushrooms by UV-B will be provided as a snack to the intervention group, whereas the control group will not consume the snack. The intervention will last 3 months.The effects of the intervention will be evaluated via clinical and laboratory markers. Personal and family history, anthropometric, demographic data, body composition, dietary habits, physical activity and smoking status will be assessed pre- and post- intervention. Biochemical profile, oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as metabolomic profiles will be assessed in blood samples pre- and post- intervention. Both groups will receive standard nutritional counselling throughout the intervention and will be encouraged to report any adverse effects they may experience during the intervention.

Reduced ambulatory activity has been shown to effect the response to a high fat tolerance test (HFTT) after acute exercise. This study will evaluate the effect of varying levels of daily ambulation on response to a HFTT after an acute aerobic exercise bout.

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) include filling, emptying or post-voiding state alterations; producing symptomatology depending of the underline mechanism. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common underlying disease, which increases with age and significantly affects men over 50 years. There are currently no prevention or curative treatment guidelines, as their pathophysiological mechanism is not exactly known. Several factors have been implicated, such as hormones, aging, lifestyle or diet. BPH is associated with metabolic disorders, the basis of which is insulin resistance and its associated pathologies: diabetes, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome. Patients without these metabolic signs have a lower incidence of BPH and / or LUTS. Insulin resistance (IR) is associated with greater proliferation and a reduction of cellular apoptosis at the prostate level; leading to an increase in prostate volume or symptoms. Likewise, the autonomic nervous system (ANS) imbalance, both in favor of sympathetic (emptying symptoms) or parasympathetic (filling symptoms), influences LUTS. SNA activity can be measured non-invasively, repetitively and effectively by measuring the heart rate variability (HRV). Caloric restriction with optimal nutrition (CRON, hereinafter only CR) is the most physiologically adapted nutritional alternative to our ancestral needs and has been shown in humans to reduce insulin resistance and associated pathologies. It has also been observed that CR improves the balance of the SNA and allows to improve LUTS. Proliferation inhibition and prostatic apoptosis induction, mediated through CR, by insulin-IGF-1 axis reduction and mTOR metabolic pathways inhibition, are the central axis of this project. CR will be used to reduce insulin resistance, IGF expression and inhibition of the PI3K / AKT / mTOR pathway, to reduce prostate cell proliferation and promote prostatic tissue apoptosis; in this way it will be possible to reduce its volume and improve the symptomatology. Additionally, CR will allow us to evaluate the potential benefits it has on certain metabolic diseases (diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, etc.), anthropometric values (BMI, abdominal perimeter and skin folds) and autonomic nervous system functionality (HRV) .

Prolonged sitting has been shown to effect the response to a high fat tolerance test (HFTT) after acute exercise. This study will evaluate the effect of prolonged sitting on response to a HFTT after a short term training period.

The multidimensional self-management intervention program focusing on healthy dietary habit and exercise effectively prevents metabolic syndrome. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of multidimensional self-management intervention program on metabolic syndrome subjects in Taiwan.

Diet plays an important role in relation to prevention of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. Studies have shown that diets with high whole-grain content could decrease the risk of these lifestyle related diseases and in Sweden the national dietary guidelines recommends whole-grain based instead of refined cereal products. It is, however, not clear whether whole-grain from wheat and rye share similar protective effects since there are large differences in amount and quality of dietary fibre and associated bioactive compounds. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of a wholegrain diet with low- or high lignan content on different cardiometabolic risk factors with the primary endpoint being blood glucose levels after 2h oral glucose tolerance test in men with metabolic syndrome or sign thereof.

Mediterranean (MED) diet, richer in plants/seeds (and dietary polyphenols) and low in processed meat (green-MED diet) may have a pronounced beneficial effect on age-related declines that begin in middle age, reflected by changes in adiposity, cognitive function, and cardiometabolic risk. The investigators hypothesize that long-term intake of this diet will significantly potentiate the effects of a healthy lifestyle (physical activity and Mediterranean diet), constituting a powerful strategy to halt or even reverse the progression of several age-related processes related to adiposity, cardiometabolic health and cognition. The investigators further hypothesize that lifestyle intervention might modify the gut microbiota profile and that autologous fecal microbiota supplement derived from the time of maximal weight loss might halt the expected subsequent regain phase.

The prevalence of overweight and lifestyle related diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing world wide. The metabolic syndrome (MeS) is a condition characterized by abdominal obesity, high blood lipids, high blood pressure and elevated blood sugar. MeS is associated with an increased risk of developing CVD and T2D. Dietary fibers and whey protein have independently shown beneficial effects on several of these risk factors in previous studies. Whey protein is furthermore seen to show positive effects on bone turnover. The purpose of this trial is to investigate whether an increased intake of dietary fibers and whey protein (separately or combined) over a period of 12 weeks will affect the risk markers of MeS and bone turnover in abdominally obese subjects. A total of 80 people with abdominal obesity will be included. The design is a randomized, double blinded, controlled dietary intervention trial. Subjects are assigned to one of four experimental groups. Each group are provided with test products containing either high or low whey protein and high or low dietary fibers to replace part of their regular diet. The subjects are instructed in how to incorporate the test products in their habitual diets in order to maintain weight stability. The primary outcome is postprandial lipaemia (PPL) - an independent risk factor of developing CVD. PPL is estimated by performing a standardized high fat meal test during which postprandial level of triglycerides is measured. The authors hypothesize that a diet of high content of whey protein and high dietary fiber during 12 weeks will induce a reduction in PPL.