Active clinical trials for "Metabolic Syndrome"

Abnormal coronary microvascular vasodilation has been demonstrated in patients with diabetes and metabolic syndrome, but the role of insulin resistance in its pathogenesis is not clear. The aim of this study is to invasively assess coronary microcirculation and to investigate the relationship of insulin resistance with coronary microvascular dysfunction. A pressure temperature-sensor-tipped coronary wire will be advanced in coronary arteries without significant lumen reduction. Thermodilution-derived coronary flow reserve (CFR) will be calculated as resting mean transit time (Tmn) divided by hyperemic Tmn (obtained with a 5-min i.v. infusion of adenosine 140 mg/kg/min). An index of microvascular resistance (IMR) will be calculated as the distal coronary pressure at maximal hyperemia divided by the inverse of the hyperemic Tmn. FFR will be calculated by the ratio of Pd/Pa at maximal hyperemia. Insulin resistance (IR) will be assess by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index and plasma IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels will be measured in addition to routine blood examinations before the procedure.

While there is now undisputable evidence relating elevated plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels to an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), it is being increasingly recognized that a significant proportion of CHD events occur in individuals characterized by a cluster of additional metabolic and physiological perturbations now defined as the metabolic syndrome. Epidemiological and clinical evidence have shown us that nutritional factors, often in conjunction with obesity, play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome. In that regard, accumulating evidence suggest that a Mediterranean-style diet (MedDiet) may beneficially modify several components of the metabolic syndrome including plasma triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, insulin resistance, waist circumference and markers of vascular inflammation. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of the MedDiet on features of the metabolic syndrome and the importance of body weight reduction in maximizing these effects represent key issues that have yet to be investigated. The general objective of the study is to investigate for the first time in a controlled feeding study the mechanisms and factors underlying the impact of the MedDiet, with and without weight loss on the dyslipidemic features of the metabolic syndrome.

The purpose of the randomized trial is to quantify the effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on beta-cell function, insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance and systemic inflammation and other cardiometabolic outcomes in ambulatory adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes.

The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of 2 commonly used diets, a Mediterranean monounsaturated fatty acid enriched (MUFA) or AHA polyunsaturated (PUFA) enriched diet combined with the VA Managing Overweight/Obesity for Veterans Everywhere (MOVE!) program so as to determine which one is superior in reducing cardiometabolic risk factors associated with Metabolic Syndrome. The risk factors considered include lipids and lipoproteins, inflammatory markers such as CRP and adiponectin, endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) and the postprandial lipid responses to a meal. Cardiometabolic risk factors will be determined by measuring several cardiovascular risk associated parameters including: Biochemical measurements of lipids and inflammatory markers, body composition and VO2max (Specific Objective 1, Descriptive). Postprandial response to a meal challenge and endothelial vasoreactivity (FMD) assessed by BART (Specific Objective 2, Physiological). Determination of the effects on postheparin lipases and transfer protein activity, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (Specific Objective 3, Mechanistic)

Prospective, randomized, single center, controlled intervention study to investigate the effect of a systematic combined personal and IT-based training on the outcome of patients with metabolic syndrome.

The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of a high intake of industrially produced trans fatty acids for 16 weeks on abdominal obesity and risk markers of type 2 diabetes and heart disease in healthy, moderately overweight, postmenopausal women.

This study will investigate the separate and combined effects of aerobic and resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight men and women with mild to moderate dyslipidemia.

The objective of the study is to examine whether a 7-day high protein intake from either milk or meat in healthy, prepubertal children can increase fasting levels of serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 as well as insulin, glucose and HOMA insulin reststance, HOMA beta cell function and amino acids.

The objective of this intervention study is to examine the effect of whole cow's milk versus infant formula as primary milk sources with or without supplements of n-3 LCPUFA for growth, nutritional status, development, risk factors for later diseases and the impact on the intestinal microbiota and inflammation in 9 - 12 months old infants.

Milk contains a vast number of bioactive components that have been suggested to have a positive impact on human health, of special interest is the effects related to metabolic syndrome and obesity but the effect of the individual milk components is not clear. This study examine whether it is beneficial for overweight and obese children to increase the intake of skim milk, or whey or casein in relation to bodyweight and markers of MS. The participants will be randomized to receive skim milk, whey milk drink, casein milk drink or mineral water for 3 mo. They will be examined at baseline, end of intervention and followed up 3 month later.