Active clinical trials for "Cognitive Dysfunction"

Evidence suggests that a Mediterranean diet can have a beneficial effect on brain health. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) describes problems with brain function such as difficulty with day-to-day memory and concentration. It is at this stage that Mediterranean diet could prove beneficial in terms of prevention. Previous research by Queens University investigated the opinions of patients with MCI and their care givers to inform the development of Mediterranean diet education material to encourage behaviour change. The study suggested that MCI patients lacked awareness of the link between Mediterranean diet and brain function, although were interested to learn more. Feedback on the developed educational material was positive although there were suggested improvements such as tailoring information to memory loss, a potential staged approach to delivery and adaptations to the material content. This present study aims to pilot test refined educational material among MCI participants to evaluate the feasibility of encouraging dietary behaviour change among this patient group.

Cognitive impairment is also a major risk factor for development of dementia later in life. Findings from recent studies suggest that the there are many nutrients contained in foods that may be important in cognitive function in the elderly. This study evaluates long-term intervention with almonds and snack mix as a treatment strategy for age-related cognitive impairment which could possibly prevent the onset of dementia. The proposed study is designed as a randomized, placebo controlled trial that tests the effects of 6 month supplementation with 1.5 or 3 ounces of almonds or 3 ounces of shortbread containing coconut oil on cognitive function in older adults. Secondary outcomes include plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation.

The study evaluates the effects of Hericium erinaceus on microbiota, cognition, and other health parameters in older adults. All measurements will be performed at baseline and ten weeks after daily consumptions of either Hericium erinaceus or placebo.

In developed countries, the acceleration of the general population ageing has been widely described for decades, involving changes in public health policies. Among the health issues arising from this demographic change, the maintenance of cognitive function will be a major challenge in the next years, both in societal and economic terms. In this regard, some pharmacological and behavioural (e.g. physical activity, social involvement, intellectually demanding activities) preventive approaches have been evaluated to improve cognitive function with ageing. Among them, dietary interventions showed a potential interest to prevent cognitive decline during ageing. In this sense, there is a growing interest to find ecological solutions and to meet major societal challenge the use of microalgae as molecule of interest sources is a recent promising approach. Marine environments harbour a huge biological diversity of microalgae that represents a large source of almost untapped bioactive compounds. This biodiversity comprises 200,000 to 2 million species with about 35,000 which are described and 15,000 maintained in culture collections. Microalgae are able to produce bioactive molecules, such as pigments, fatty acids, peptides and sterols. Some of these compounds are unique and specifically found in the marine environment and they could be increasingly used as natural bioactive products for targeted applications. Fucoxanthin is one of the major carotenoid found in microalgae well known for its neuroprotective effect but to our knowledge no human studies were realized. Thus the objective is to evaluate, in healthy older adults, the effect of a 24-week period of daily supplementation of high and low BrainPhyt, doses on cognitive function parameters (Spatial Working Memory scores, Attention and vigilance, episodic memory, executive function), stress, mood, sleep quality and biomarkers.

Objective 1: Assess feasibility and acceptability of all protocol components of a pilot trial testing a 6-week telehealth Mediterranean ketogenic nutrition adherence (KNA) program using motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioral strategies (MI-CBT) compared to a KN information only group for older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to prepare for a full-scale trial. Specifically, the investigators will examine the feasibility of the recruitment, retention, assessment, and intervention delivery methods. The investigators hypothesize that: The study protocol will result in high patient retention (90%) and patient attendance of intervention sessions (80%), and A centralized MI-CBT telehealth delivery approach will be associated with high intervention acceptability ratings from patients. Objective 2: Assess signal of initial effect of the KNA program on important clinical outcomes and adherence relative to a KN information-only condition. The investigators hypothesize that patients in the KNA condition, relative to the KN-only condition, will show: higher rates of clinically significant improvements on the RBANS total scale scores, improvements in daily functioning (FSQ), and decreases in patient CAIDE risk score( (Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia), and improved adherence to KN, as evidenced by higher levels of measurable urine ketones in the KNA condition compared to the KN-only condition.

Prospective study, 40 patients ASA 2-3, 30-75 years old who were planned for laparoscopic hysterectomy operation will be included.One day before the operation and postoperative 1.3.7. A mini mental assessment test will be performed on these days.Standard monitoring and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy monitoring to measure cerebral oxygen saturation will be performed on the patients.NIRS sensors will be placed on the right and left sides of the forehead, 2 cm above the eyebrow, before induction of anesthesia. Before the induction of anesthesia, the measurement will begin and the FiO2 (fraction of inspiration oxygen) will be kept at 60%.General anesthesia induction will be made with propofol 2mg/kg, remifentanil 0.5 µg/kg and rocuronium 0.6mg/kg, and maintenance will be provided with 2% sevoflurane.The patient will be intubated and ventilation support will be provided so that the tidal volume is 6-8 ml/kg and the end tidal CO2 is 30-40 mmHg. PEEP (Positive end expiratory pressure) will not be applied to any patient. Intra-abdominal pressure will be maintained at 15 mmHg. All patients will be given 1gr paracetamol and 100mg tramadol for postoperative analgesia.During the measurement of optic nerve diameter, a layer of sterile water-soluble gel will be applied on the closed eyelid with a linear 10-5 MHz ultrasound probe. In our study, ONSDs of all patients will be measured by the same experienced anesthetist. Measurements will be made at 5 different times. 5 minutes after induction of anesthesia in the supine position (T0), 5 minutes after the onset of pneumoperitoneum (T1), 5 minutes after the upright trendelenburg position (T2), at the 2nd hour of the trendelenburg position (T3) and 5 minutes after returning to the supine position at the end of the surgery (T4) .ONSD measurements of the patients measured at 5 different times, peroperative NIRS values, peroperative SpO2, mean blood pressure, peak heart rate, anesthesia time, surgery time, time to stay in the trendelenburg position, partial oxygen saturation (PaO2), PCO2, end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) and peak airway pressure (pPEAK) will be recorded.

The investigators aim to explore the effect of puzzle mobile or tablet-based games on problem-solving impairment resulting from a first-time stroke. This is a randomized-controlled trial with the intervention arm consisting of puzzle gaming applications and the control arm consisting of stroke-relevant educational videos provided and encouraged throughout the course of participants' acute inpatient rehabilitation stay.

Background: Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRDs) may be possible for persons with subjective (SCI) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or normal cognition and risk factors. Physical exercise and cognitive training have been shown to enhance cognitive function and mobility in MCI when delivered in a research facility. The feasibility of delivering interventions in the home of older adults at risk for developing ADRDs is not known. What preferences the participants have for these interventions are also unknown. The primary goals are: 1) assess feasibility of a home-based delivery of exercise and cognitive interventions 2) evaluate the relationship between participants' intervention preferences and adherence. Secondary objectives focus on cognition, frailty, mobility, sleep, diet and mental health. Methods and analysis: SYNERGIC@Home is a randomized control trial (using a 2 x 2 factorial design) with a 16-week home-based intervention program of physical exercises with cognitive training. Sixty-four participants will be randomized in blocks of four: 1) combined exercise (aerobic and resistance) + cognitive training (NEUROPEAK™); 2) combined exercise + control cognitive training (web searching); 3) control exercise (balance and toning) + cognitive training; and 4) control exercise + control cognitive training. It will be implemented virtually through video conferencing. Baseline, 4- and 10-month post-intervention will include measures of cognition, frailty, mobility, sleep, diet, and psychological health. Feasibility outcomes include recruitment and retention. Preference will be used to determine the relationship between preference adherence. Secondary outcomes will evaluate the effect of the interventions on cognitive, mobility, and general well-being.

FINOMAIN is a community-based, cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) of dance intervention INDAK and standardized vascular care. The study aims to develop and assess the effectiveness of a cost-effective and culturally - fit intervention for Filipino older adults at high risk for developing dementia. The first objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of dance intervention INDAK on cognitive function as assessed by the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - Cognitive (ADAS-Cog), Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST), and Executive Function Composite (EFC) among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). To increase the sensitivity of primary outcome for various composites of cognition, aside from ADAS-Cog that assesses core cognitive deficits of dementia, investigators will develop an executive function composite that will combine measures of executive control using performance outcomes on tests including Trail Making Test (TMT), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), and Number Cancellation Task (NCT). Executive function composite scores have been used to track aging populations at risk for dementia and are shown to be sensitive in capturing cerebrovascular benefits and used as instruments in studies with similar non-pharmacological intervention (i.e. aerobic exercise, dance). Additionally, the investigators will add MST which is a measure for episodic memory, memory representations and pattern discrimination which are all cognitive domains highly correlated with hippocampal function. The second objective of the study is to determine the effect of dance on neuroplasticity as measured by brain volumetry and functional connectivity demonstrated through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and change in other behavioral and functional outcomes of participants with MCI.

Postoperative neurocognitive impairments often occur in elderly patients undergoing anesthesia and non-cardiac surgery, including postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). These disorders are often associated with increased mortality and morbidity, prolonged length of hospital stay, functional and cognitive decline with nursing home or long-term care facility placement. Until now highly effective intervention has not been established yet. As a mitochondrial protective agent, the role of methylene blue(MB) in preventing elderly patients from POD/POCD is unknown.Therefore, investigators design this study to validate its prevention against POD/POCD and the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of perioperative administration of MB for POD/POCD prevention.