Active clinical trials for "Cognitive Dysfunction"

To test a 14-hour prolonged nightly fasting (PNF) protocol in a group of older adults (≥ 65 years old) with self-identified age-related cognitive decline (ARCD) on the primary outcome of neurocognitive function and performance as measured by objective outcomes. The investigators will use an 8-week single group pre-post pilot study design to measure outcomes related to neurocognitive function and performance and cardiometabolic risk factors (i.e., sleep disturbances, body mass index).

We will try to establish the correlation of plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 level, ApoE genotype, MRI imaging markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of VCI patients understand more on the pathophysiology of VCI.

The beach chair position (BCP) combined with deliberate hypotension impair cerebral perfusion pressure and oxygenation during arthroscopic shoulder surgeries and produce cerebral ischemia.

The investigators are conducting a cross-sectional, observational study to investigate whether plasma GPLD1 concentrations are associated with higher cognitive function and better brain structure and function in two groups of older adults with high or low levels of physical activity.

Frail older persons with cognitive impairment are at special risk of experiencing delirium during acute hospitalisation. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a dementia-friendly hospital program contributes to improved detection and management of patients with cognitive impairment and delirium.

This study tests the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of a multimodal intervention (walking, social engagement, and reminiscence), including the use of wearable digital biomarkers, for cognitively healthy and mildly cognitively impaired African Americans aged 65 and older.

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a broad dimensional term, ranging from mild cognitive impairment without incapacity on activity of daily living to vascular dementia (VaD), referred to as significant cognitive impairment and decline in function status. In this three-year project, we aim to evaluate the effects of biochemical data, early clinical variables, neuroimaging results, and intervention of acupuncture treatment on vascular event related cognitive impairment in crossectional analysis and longitudinal follow-up.

Anaesthetic depth and complications after major surgery: an international, randomised controlled trial - The BALANCED trial. In this large, international, randomised controlled trial that enrolled patients aged 60 years and over with significant comorbidity and at increased risk of complications after major surgery, we found no evidence that light general anaesthesia (bispectral index 50) was superior to deep general anaesthesia (bispectral index 35) in reducing 1-year mortality. The BALANCED long term follow up study will look at whether depth of anesthesia affects long term (beyond 1 year) survival. The primary hypothesis is that targetting BIS 50 will result in superior long term survival compared to targetting BIS 35. The two secondary hypotheses are that BIS titration to BIS 50 will reduce local cancer recurrence or metastatic spread and consequently improve long-term survival reduce postoperative delirium and associated cognitive impairment and consequently improve long-term survival Both these mechanisms would be expected to take longer to manifest as reduced survival than 1-year all-cause mortality primary outcome in the Balanced trial. Trials of cancer outcomes often use 5-year survival or similar timeframes to determine evidence of clinical benefit. A steeper cognitive trajectory due to intermediate outcomes such as delirium and cognitive impairment may take longer than 1 year to produce a clinically important difference in survival 30. The 10.6% relative risk reduction seen in the Balanced trial could translate to a statistically and clinically meaningful survival difference in this high-risk population. This population may have 5-year survival of ~80% translating to an absolute survival difference of ~2% potentially (if the ~10% RRR is maintained beyond 1 year). The alternative is that there is no long-term mortality difference which would provide continuing clinical guidance of the safety of current practice in patients who are not at high risk of delirium. This study could provide a rationale for trials in larger populations (such as the total Balanced trial population) or targeted subgroups such as cancer and delirium to provide further mechanistic insights. Long-term survival is an important patient-centred outcome. The mechanisms described above may manifest in longer-term outcomes providing a clear rationale for the current trial.

The goal of this observational study is to compare to investigate the effect of dual task performance on straight and curved walking in elderly people with mild cognitive impairment. The main question[s] it aims to answer are: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dual task performance on the activity of the prefrontal cortex in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment during straight and curved walking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dual task performance on gait speed during straight and curved walking in elderly people with mild cognitive impairment. Participants will: For mild cognitive impairment 65 and older who can do dual tasks. single task (motor task) : an exercise task, which will perform a 10-meter walking test and a figure-eight walking test. double task (motor task + cognitive task) : planned to perform a motor task and a cognitive task together. The cognitive task is scheduled to be a simple calculation problem so that it can be performed without great difficulty while walking.

The purpose of this study is to investigate different stimulation intensities and frequencies of transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for cognitive improvement in schizophrenia.