Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has sponsored a consortium of investigators to conduct a clinical treatment trial, Treatment Options for type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY). The primary objective of the TODAY trial is to compare the efficacy of three treatment arms on time to treatment failure based on glycemic control. The secondary aims are to: compare and evaluate the safety of the three treatment arms; compare the effects of the three treatments on the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with regards to beta cell function and insulin resistance, body composition, nutrition, physical activity and aerobic fitness, cardiovascular risk factors, microvascular complications, quality of life, and psychological outcomes; evaluate the influence of individual and family behaviors on treatment response; and compare the relative cost effectiveness of the three treatment arms. The three treatment regimens are: (1) metformin alone, (2) metformin plus rosiglitazone, and (3) metformin plus an intensive lifestyle intervention called the TODAY Lifestyle Program (TLP). The study recruits patients over a three-year period and follows patients for a minimum of two years. Patients are randomized within two years of the diagnosis of T2D.

The primary objectives of the ORIGIN study were: To determine whether insulin glargine-mediated normoglycemia can reduce cardiovascular morbidity and/or mortality in people at high risk for vascular disease with either Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG), Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) or early type 2 diabetes; To determine whether omega-3 fatty acids can reduce cardiovascular mortality in people with IFG, IGT or early type 2 diabetes. The secondary objectives of the insulin glargine study were to determine if insulin glargine-mediated normoglycemia can reduce: total mortality (all causes); the risk of diabetic microvascular outcomes; the rate of progression of IGT or IFG to type 2 diabetes.

The purpose of this trial is to determine the efficacy and safety of an investigational drug in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether chromium (yeast), is effective in improving glycaemic control and insulin resistance.

Offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes have increased risk of developing diabetes and are typically more insulin resistant than their peers with no diabetes family history. We have recently demonstrated that, in contrast to their sedentary counterparts, physically active offspring are not insulin resistant. In the proposed controlled clinical study, we will examine the effects of a moderate exercise programme on insulin resistance, and other metabolic risk factors, in sedentary offspring and matched control subjects. We hypothesise that offspring will exhibit an augmented response to exercise, thereby normalising their predisposition to an adverse metabolic profile. We will also investigate expression of adipokines and other genes in adipose tissue to determine whether these contribute to the increased insulin resistance observed in offspring and whether they are influenced by exercise. The results will help to determine the efficacy of exercise in normalising metabolism in offspring and will help elucidate the mechanisms involved.

The study will compare and evaluate the effects of long-term treatment of monotherapy with rosiglitazone, metformin and glyburide/glibenclamide on the improvement and maintenance of glycemic control in patients with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The purpose of the study is to determine whether E1 and G1 are safe and effective in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. The disease is characterised by insulin resistance and a compensated state of hyperinsulinemia. In most individual, hyperglycemia results from a failure of pancreatic beta cells insulin secretory capacity to adequately compensate for insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. Treatment for type 2 diabetes is achieved by dietary control, or a combination of diet and oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin. As the disease progress, many type 2 diabetic patients eventually require insulin as primary therapy to achieve glycemic control. Recent diabetic research has increasingly focused on pancreatic islet cell replacement, either by islet cell transplantation or by endogenous regeneration of islet cells. During fetal development, islet precursor cells proliferate and differentiate into mature beta cells capable of producing insulin. This process is known as islet cell neogenesis. Islet cell neogenesis normally ceases around birth, however, the adult pancreas still retains significant potential for islet regeneration, as shown by tissue repair following pancreatic injury. Pre-clinical studies have shown that E1 and G1 can re-establish islet cell neogenesis and increase insulin production in diabetic animal models. In type 2 diabetic patients, treatment with E1 and G1 may result in islet cell regeneration. This therapeutic approach may improve beta cell function, restore the loss of insulin secretory capacity and also benefit patients on oral hypoglycemic agents by delaying insulin use.

This study is a placebo-controlled study in both healthy normal subjects and patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus to assess the levels of exenatide in the bloodstream when it is given for 7 days, and to assess the impact this medication has on various substances in the blood. Assessments include repeat blood sampling and monitoring of any side effects.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding Symlin to an established regimen of insulin glargine in subjects with type 2 diabetes who are not achieving glycemic targets.

Background The relationship between long-term heavy lead exposure and chronic interstitial nephropathy is well recognized in the previous literatures. Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated a positive association between blood lead levels and the age related decreases of renal function in the general population and suggested that environmental low-level lead exposure may accelerate the progression of renal function in the healthy persons. In addition, previous our works suggest environmental lead exposure may correlate to progressive renal insufficiency and lead chelation therapy or repeated lead chelation may improve and slow the progressive renal insufficiency in non-diabetic patients with chronic renal diseases. However, Diabetes mellitus is increasing in prevalence worldwide and is currently estimated to affect more than 6.5 percent of the population of the United States. In addition, diabetes is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease in many countries, accounting for about 40 percent of cases. It is still unknown that the relationship between long-term environmental lead exposure and the progressive renal insufficiency in patients with type II diabetes and diabetic nephropathy. Methods Ninety patints with type II diabetes and diabetic nephropathy (serum creatinine levels between 1.5 mg per deciliter and 3.9 mg per deciliter) who have a normal body lead burden and no history of exposure to lead or other metals will be observed for 24 months. Then, about 50 subjects with high normal body lead burdens (at least 80 μg but less than 600 μg) will be randomly assigned to the study and control groups. For three months, the 25 patients in the study group will receive lead-chelation therapy with calcium disodium EDTA weekly until the body lead burden fallsl below 50 μg, and the 25 control group receive weekly placebo. During the ensuing 12 months, the renal function will be regularly followed up every 3 months and EDTA mobilization tests will be assessed every 6 months. If body lead burden of the study group patients increase more than 60μg, the chelation therapy will be performed again until their body burden are less than 60 μg. The primary end point is an increase in the serum creatinine level to 2 times the base-line value during the observation period. A secondary end point is the change in renal function during the follow up period.