Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

This study is conducted in Europe. The aim of this observational study is to evaluate glycaemic control in subjects with type 2 diabetes using once daily Levemir® as initiation of insulin therapy in Hungary.

The primary purpose was to assess, in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy and control subjects, color vision, contrast sensitivity, electroretinography, and flicker-induced vasodilatation using the Dynamic Vessel Analyzer, in order to specify the earliest impaired retinal cells in diabetes, and gain more insight into diabetic retinopathy pathogenesis.

Given that sedentary behavior is associated with T2DM, the purpose of this study is to evaluate whether subjects with T2DM have a significant disincentive to performing exercise (due to greater perceived effort) . This study will prospectively compare the perceived exercise effort between T2DM and non-diabetic women while adjusting for potential confounders including baseline physical activity. This study will also assess whether perception of effort is associated with physiologic parameters related to exercise effort. Finally, we have 3 hypothesis-generating exploratory aims designed to screen for additional psychological and physiologic parameters that may increase perceived effort in those with T2DM. Hypothesis 1: At the same absolute workload (e.g., 30 watts) and the same relative workloads, it is a greater effort for women with T2DM to exercise than for non-diabetic women. Specific Aim 1: To determine differences in subjective perceived effort of bicycle exercise at low-to-moderate workloads in sedentary women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) vs. non-diabetic sedentary women. Hypothesis 2: There will be a significant association between RPE and the physiologic measures related to work intensity (e.g., relative work intensity and tau2). Specific Aim 2: In the same populations as SA1, to determine the strength of association during bicycle exercise between subjective perceived effort and physiologic measures related to work intensity. Exploratory Aims: Exploratory Aim 1: In the T2DM group described in SA1, to determine the strength of association during bicycle exercise between subjective effort and additional physiologic measures Exploratory Aim 2: In the T2DM group described in SA1, to determine the strength of association during bicycle exercise between subjective effort and psychologic measures related to perception of effort.

Within 6 months of delivery, women who had gestational diabetes mellitus should be screened for type 2 diabetes with a fasting plasma glucose test and/or a 2-h postchallenge glycemia in a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. However, not all women are screened. The objective of this study is to compare the screening test for type 2 diabetes done at 48 hours post-partum versus 8 weeks post-partum. The investigators want to measure the specificity, sensitivity, false and true predictive values of the screening test at 48 hours post-partum compared to the gold-standard.

The aim is to assess the population prevalence of risk factors for different chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, asthma, and allergy. Risk factors include genetic and serologic biomarkers, questionnaire data on health and lifestyle. There are many hypotheses under study for each research field.

To study postprandial metabolism in lean, obese and T2DM adolescents using a mixed meal challenge. Specifically we will be measuring the following parameters of postprandial metabolism: 1. Postprandial glucose and triglycerides excursions 2. Gastric emptying 3. Insulin, amylin, glucagon, GLP-1 and ghrelin secretion 4. Glucose Turnover rate

Insulin resistance and a defect in early insulin secretion are risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A recent longitudinal analysis which tracked the development of diabetes demonstrated that both insulin action and early insulin secretion deteriorate as individuals progress from normal to impaired glucose tolerance and then to diabetes. These results suggest that both inherent (apparent in normal glucose tolerant subjects who progress to diabetes and likely to have a genetic basis) and acquired (evident as individuals progress from NGT to IGT to diabetes and possibly environmental in origin) defects in insulin action and secretion contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. To identify the genetic and environmental determinants of diabetes we are continuing to determine: (1) if there are genes that segregate with metabolic risk factors for diabetes which might therefore be genetic markers for type 2 diabetes and (2) the mechanisms mediating genetic and environmental determinants of insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. <TAB> Volunteers for this study will be admitted to the clinical research ward where they will undergo several tests to determine body composition, oral and intravenous glucose tolerance and in vivo insulin action. In addition, in selected subjects, adipose and/or skeletal muscle tissue will be obtained by percutaneous biopsy for in vitro studies of gene expression and insulin action in these tissues. A transformed lymphocyte cell line will be established for each subject as a permanent source of DNA for genetic studies. Genetic markers for type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance will be sought by typing each individual at positional and functional candidate loci in the hopes of finding an association between these loci and obesity, insulin secretion, insulin resistance and/or type 2 diabetes.

The primary research question is to evaluate whether, among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), initiation of empagliflozin changes the adjusted incidence of outcomes compared with initiation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP1-RA).

The purpose of the study is to collect information on how Tresiba® works in patients with type 2 diabetes in China. The study will be based on data already recorded in participants' medical records and no new tests or procedures are required as part of the study. This study does not affect participants' current diabetes treatment. The study will look at data recorded in participants' medical records for approximately the last year. After signing the informed consent form, no further activities will be required from the participants.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the usability, utility and feasibility of the Diacare platform and the ability of users to use the platform and receive valuable information from it to help address the management of type 2 diabetes outside the healthcare environment.