Active clinical trials for "Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance"

This protocol seeks to enroll smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significant (MGUS) patients with λ light chain (LC) involvement, a group of patients for whom standard of care is observation not treatment. Patients with SMM and MGUS have a precursor plasma cell disorder from which light chain amyloidosis (AL) can evolve. In this trial, enrolled subjects will have blood and if available bone marrow cells evaluated by molecular testing to determine their clonal λ LC variable region (VL) germline gene. Seventy percent of AL cases involve just 7 germline donors, 5 of which are λ germline donors. The hypothesis that will be tested with this protocol is that the presence of AL germline genes associated with AL in patients with a pre-existing diagnosis of λ SMM or λ MGUS indicates the presence of AL or risk of progression to AL.

RATIONALE: Collecting and storing samples of blood and bone marrow from patients with cancer to study in the laboratory may help doctors find better ways to ways to treat the cancer. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to collect and store blood and bone marrow samples from patients with multiple myeloma, smoldering myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, amyloidosis, and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to be tested in the laboratory.

The purpose of this study is to describe DNA copy number variations and gene expression profiles of bone marrow plasma cells of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM). The final objective is to search for correlations with the risk of progression in order to establish a predictive model of early malignant transformation.

Background: - Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that affects white blood cells and has a poor long-term survival rate. Two other types of cancer, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering myeloma (SMM), may eventually progress and develop into multiple myeloma. Researchers are interested in collecting samples from individuals who have been diagnosed with MGUS and SMM to study possible risk factors for developing multiple myeloma. Objectives: - To study risk factors that may cause MGUS and SMM to progress to multiple myeloma. Eligibility: - Individuals at least 18 years of age who have been diagnosed with either MGUS or SMM but do not have multiple myeloma. Design: Participants will be examined by study researchers at the initial visit, at 6 months following enrollment, and every 12 months for a maximum of 5 years. The following tests may be performed: (1) blood and urine tests, (2) bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, (3) imaging studies, and (4) a skeletal survey (a series of skeletal X-rays of the skull, spine, pelvis, ribs, shoulders, upper arm, and thigh bones). Treatment will not be provided as part of this protocol. - Participants will remain on the study for 5 years, or until their MGUS or SMM progresses to multiple myeloma requiring treatment.

In the proposed study, the investigators will aim to develop and pilot a Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging protocol and assess its ability to achieve the following: quantification of tumour burden and bone loss, detecting longitudinal changes in tumour load with therapy and detecting longitudinal changes in microarchitecture with therapy. The investigators also aim to investigate whether bone loss is better, worse or the same with different imaging techniques. This will be investigated by correlating the DXA imaging data with Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DWMRI) to see if it is possible to achieve quantifiable data of bone density.

Pruritus is most often secondary to dermatitis but can also occur without skin lesions, it is called pruritus sine materia. The causes of pruritus sine materia are various: haematological (myeloproliferative neoplasia ...), hepatic (cholestasis ...), renal (chronic renal failure, dialysis), endocrine (iron deficiency ...), secondary to drug intake ... or idiopathic when no cause is found. Gammapathies are among the causes of pruritus sine materia, and as such electrophoresis of serum proteins is usually part of the pruritus assessment to look for monoclonal gammopathy (MGUS, multiple myeloma, Waldenström disease). However, there is very little data on the frequency of pruritus in patients with monoclonal gammopathy and the characteristics of this pruritus. So the aim of this study is to compare the frequency of pruritus between patients with monoclonal gammapathy and controls

The purpose of this study is to examine how patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have been impacted by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. The study will use a questionnaire to further understand how patients are being affected and gather information in order to track the long-term effects of the coronavirus. The scope of the questionnaire will include, COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment, changes in myeloma treatment and care, clinical trial familiarity, health and fitness, and quality of life. This questionnaire is a follow-on to the "MM and COVID-19" questionnaire.

This is a study to investigate the functional consequences of paraprotein production in MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Unknown Significance).

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the monoclonal protein in patients with tuberculosis and monoclonal gammopathy has anti-tuberculous activity, and whether genes coding their monoclonal proteins show characteristic mutations.

This is the first prospective study which evaluate patients with small B-cell clones to diagnose monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) and characterize it clinically, anatomopathologically and pathophysiologically taking int account a geriatric approach.