Active clinical trials for "Obesity, Morbid"

Obesity can be defined as' a disease that occurs as a result of the energy (calorie) taken with food being more than the energy consumed and the excess energy being stored as fat in the body, negatively affecting the quality and duration of life. BMI is calculated by dividing the weight (kg) by the square of the height (m2) (1,2). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, BMI between 25-29.9 kg / m2 is overweight, 30-34.9 kg / m2 is light, 35-39.9 kg / m2 is medium, 40 kg / m2 and above is considered as severe obesity. Obesity has important effects on respiratory function. These mechanical and biochemical effects are not easily measured by pulmonary function test and BMI measurement.Changes caused by mediators produced by adipose tissue likely cause changes in lung function, but this effect is not fully understood at the moment. The aim of our study is to make these effects more understandable and to compare them with different obesity classes and people with normal weight who are considered healthy. Hypothesis 0: The effects of obesity on respiratory functions and multidimensional health-related parameters do not show a statistically significant difference compared to individuals with different levels of the disease and normal weight individuals classified as healthy. Hypothesis 1: The effects of obesity on respiratory functions and multidimensional health-related parameters show a statistically significant difference compared to people with different levels of the disease and normal weight individuals classified as healthy. The study will be carried out by face-to-face evaluations in a clinical setting with obese patients between the ages of 18-65 who have applied to the clinic with a diagnosis of obesity and agree to participate in the study, and healthy volunteers who are considered to be healthy without a diagnosis of obesity. Looking at the evaluations to be made; Measurement of respiratory function parameters, measurement of respiratory muscle strength, anthropometric measurements, evaluation of body composition, quality of life, upper extremity muscle strength and grip strength, lower extremity muscle strength, fatigue evaluation, vital signs, evaluation of exercise perception, presence of dyspnea and its level will be evaluated. A detailed description of these evaluations and the parameters to be used will be explained in detail in the next step.

Obesity, in addition to causing abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, is also associated with altered plasma concentrations of multiple amino acids, including increased levels of branched-chain amino acids and decreased levels of glycine. The mechanisms and consequences of obesity- related glycine deficiency are unknown. The overall aim of this project is to comprehensively study glycine metabolic pathways in morbid obesity using stable-isotope tracer techniques in human subjects and validating kinetic findings using a cell model of oxidative stress. This will be a single-centre, observational study. 21 individuals with morbid obesity scheduled for bariatric surgery and 21 non-obese controls will be recruit. They will undergo different study visits and procedures and the human biological materials collected will be analysed for as per aims of the studies. We believe that the glycine metabolic pathways, possibly through the optimization of gluthathione (GSH) synthesis, may provide targets to develop novel therapeutic agents.

Obesity affects more than 78 million adults in the United States and it is estimated that 35% of the US population is obese. Currently, more than 179,000 bariatric procedures are performed in the US each year with the majority of these surgeries using laparoscopic techniques. Surgeons often request deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) during surgery, but there is no evidence that a deep NMB improves surgical conditions and that the surgeons can discriminate between a moderate and deep NMB. There is also evidence that maintaining low insufflation pressures during laparoscopic surgery may decrease postoperative pain. The goal of this prospective, randomized, assessor-blinded controlled trial is to test the hypothesis that deep NMB provides optimal surgical conditions during laparoscopic bariatric surgery in the morbidly obese patient. It will also determine if deep NMB allows the surgeon to utilize lower insufflation pressure and decreases postoperative pain requirements after laparoscopic bariatric surgery.

This study is a prospective evaluation of the relationship between lean body weight and anti-Xa activity and 5700 International Units (IU) nadroparin 4 hours after subcutaneous administration in morbidly obese patients after bariatric surgery.

Study objectives: generate local clinical, health-related quality-of-life and health economic data to evaluate the benefits of two types of minimally invasive weight-loss surgery support multi-disciplinary bariatric sites in Germany by providing structured procedure guidelines and training, therefore facilitating procedural adoption, increasing safety and shortening the learning curve for weight-loss surgery.

Morbid obesity (MO) is associated with several disorders such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipemia and degenerative arthropathy that require pharmacological treatment. Drug bioavailability and metabolism in patients with MO is altered compared to population controls. Bariatric surgery is the gold standard treatment for MO when conventional therapy fails. Bariatric surgery techniques can modify drug absorption in MO patients. These modifications depend on the drug absorption characteristics and on the bariatric surgery technique used. The changes in weight and body composition caused by BS at middle term can alter drug bioavailability and metabolism. The kinetics of the "normalization" process in patients with MO after bariatric surgery is unknown Objectives. To analyze the changes in drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. To establish drug dosing criteria in the post-intervention period in patients with MO after bariatric surgery. To determine the relationship between changes in drug bioavailability and metabolism in MO after bariatric surgery (longitudinal gastrectomy and Y-roux gastric by-pass).

Objectives: Given the profound impact of obesity on the genesis of endometrial cancer, this study proposes to prospectively evaluate the baseline prevalence of menstrual irregularities and endometrial pathology in morbidly obese women and discover risk stratification markers that can potentially identify the highest risk women who might benefit from targeted cancer prevention strategies in a future clinical trial. Specific Aim 1: To assess the prevalence of menstrual irregularities and to correlate gynecologic and menstrual history with the perceived personal risk and severity of gynecologic cancers in a population of female bariatric surgery candidates. Specific Aim 2: To determine the prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in morbidly obese women undergoing bariatric surgery. Specific Aim 3: To obtain adipose, endometrium, and blood samples (before and after) bariatric surgery to assess baseline hormone levels and adipocyte-derived factors and to correlate with presence of menstrual irregularities, endometrial hyperplasia or cancer, and with postsurgical weight changes. Methods: Specific Aim 1: After informed consent is obtained, a survey and medical history of prospective bariatric surgery patients will be performed at the University of Virginia. Specific Aim 2: For those women who undergo bariatric surgery, study investigators will perform endometrial biopsies at the time of bariatric surgery on participants to determine the status of the endometrial lining and the potential presence of endometrial cancer and its precursors. Specific Aim 3: At the time of surgery, blood, adipose, and endometrial tissue samples will collected for evaluation of adipocyte-related factors and correlation with clinical endpoints. Blood will also be collected at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Anticipated results: This study will identify the prevalence and correlation of menstrual irregularities with endometrial abnormalities and cancer in morbidly obese women as well as define their perceived risk of developing cancer. Serum biomarkers in obese women with and without endometrial cancer/precancer would be evaluated for correlation and potential applicability for endometrial cancer screening in this high-risk population. Most importantly, this study may provide evidence as to whether screening (via endometrial biopsy or other serum markers) is warranted in asymptomatic, morbidly obese women and suggest potential preventive and risk reduction mechanisms.

The investigators wish to study the effects of three forms of bariatric surgery, gastric bypass lap banding, and sleeve gastrectomy. The surgery is not part of the clinical trial. If your insurance does not cover the procedure, then the patient is responsible for payment of the surgical process. The investigators are doing pre and post surgery testing to provide a better understanding of the effect of bariatric surgery-induced weight-loss on taste perception.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of high vs. low sodium intake on blood pressure and system hemodynamics in patients with morbid obesity and to evaluate the impact of laparoscopic gastric bypass on blood pressure, salt sensitivity and body composition in morbidly obese patients. Furthermore, we wants to describe the hemodynamic mechanisms involved in the amelioration of blood pressure during long-term weight loss.

The purpose of this study is to look at certain areas of the brain that are related to addictive behaviors, such as overeating. These areas are called 'dopamine type 2 receptors' (DRD2/3) and other studies have shown that obese people have less of these. We propose that low DRD2/3 availability seen in morbidly obese subjects will change with weight loss associated with bariatric surgery.