Active clinical trials for "Multiple Sclerosis"

The two primary study objectives involve examining the effects of treadmill walking exercise training versus stretching-and-toning activities on the primary and secondary outcomes. Specific Aim 1: The first specific aim is to examine the effects of 3-months of treadmill walking exercise training compared with an active control condition on learning and memory outcomes in fully-ambulatory persons with MS who have impairment in learning new information. We hypothesize that those who undergo treadmill walking exercise training will demonstrate improvements in learning and memory relative to those who undergo stretching-and-toning activities. Specific Aim 2: The second specific aim is to examine the effects of 3-months of treadmill walking exercise training compared with an active control condition on hippocampal volume, hippocampal resting-state functional connectivity, and cardiorespiratory fitness in those persons with MS. We hypothesize that those who are randomly assigned to the treadmill walking exercise condition will demonstrate increases in hippocampal volume and resting-state functional connectivity (i.e., adaptive increases) and improved cardiorespiratory fitness relative to those in the stretching-and-toning condition.

To evaluate the effect of teriflunomide treatment on microglial activation in late stage multiple sclerosis.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system. In MS, inflammation is known to attack areas of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves; resulting in disability. Current MRI technology provides an adequate view of the impact of MS on the "white matter" of the brain, which contains many of the connections between neurons. Quantification of lesions in the white matter due to MS are a standard part of clinical trials and clinical care in MS. However, it has long been known that MS not only can affect the white matter, but also the "gray matter," which contains the majority of the nerve cells in the brain and can cause inflammation in the meninges (the protective tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord). Autopsy studies have shown that the inflammation seen in the meninges is driven by a B-cells, a subset of white blood cells and that meningeal inflammation may be responsible for damage to the gray matter of the brain. Ocrelizumab is a new treatment for multiple sclerosis. This medication works by targeting and destroying circulating B-cells. It is thought that this may reduce the level of meningeal inflammation in patients with multiple sclerosis. By reducing meningeal inflammation, this medication may result in less damage to the gray matter and subsequently less disability in MS patients. In this study, the investigators will evaluate the use of a method on 7 tesla (7T) MRI to identify inflammation in the meninges as a potential predictor of response to ocrelizumab treatment for multiple sclerosis. Further, the investigators will evaluate if this MRI technique can be used to monitor the long-term effect of the medication on meningeal inflammation and the development of damage to the gray matter of the brain.

The overarching goal of this study is to determine whether rituximab (RTX) offers effectiveness and safety advantages over other commonly used approved Disease-Modifying Drugs (DMT) in the largest real-world population-based structured prospective follow-up cohort of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) patients. The study will include both treatment naïve patients starting their first DMT and patients switching from a previous first line DMT (escalation/second-line).

The primary objective of Part 1 of this study is to evaluate the effects of BIIB033 versus placebo on disability improvement over 72 weeks. The primary objective of Part 2 of this study is to evaluate the long-term safety profile of BIIB033 as an add-on therapy in participants with MS. The secondary objective of Part 1 is to evaluate the effects of BIIB033 versus placebo on additional measures of disability improvement. The secondary objective of Part 2 is to investigate long-term efficacy (disability improvement) and additional safety measures of BIIB033 as an add-on therapy in participants with MS.

The goal of this non-interventional, observational study is to learn if cortical plexus enhancement in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis occurs in response to the autoimmune inflammatory process.

The purpose of this study is to understand the immune response to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccination in patients on B-cell depleting therapies (BCDT) over time, which in the future may help to inform clinical decision making in this patient population.

This pilot study will establish a proof of concept for using a systems biology approach to characterize the dynamics of MS disease processes. The primary objective of the study is to identify multi-omic (genetic, proteomic, biochemical and/or microbial) factors that correlate with clinical and subclinical MS disease activity. Identification of such biomarkers could have an immediate clinical utility in identification of MS patients prone to more aggressive disease earlier in their disease course, thus affording the opportunity to better individualize therapy. In addition, insights from better understanding of the complex interplay of various systems biology factors should improve our understanding of MS in general. The study will recruit 14 patients with relapsing MS who are initiating treatment with ocrelizumab, and follow them for 30 months.

Prolonged anti CD20 therapy for the treatment of active multiple sclerosis leading to continuous B cell depletion is associated with hypogammaglobulinemia predisposing to a potentially increased risk of serious infections, particularly in the more disabled and aged patients. No data have been published on the sequential use of anti CD20 therapies and cladribine, that is thought to act as an immune reconstitution agent. his study aims at investigating IgG and IgM serum concentration changes at 6 and 12 months after switching to cladribine in patients previously treated with anti CD20 therapies (ie, ocrelizumab ≥1.8 gr or rituximab 3.0 gr) for ≥18 months, as compared to continued anti CD20 therapies.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, demyelination and axon damage. Affecting approximately 2.5 million individuals around the world and seen mostly in young adults, MS can cause different levels of disability in functional activities, cause limitations in social and professional life, and impair quality of life. Multiple sclerosis is thought to be an autoimmune disease that develops on the basis of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Nutritional habits and physical activity are important environmental factors. These can be effective in the course of MS and change the quality of life. Compatibility of nutrition with the Mediterranean diet and providing adequate physical activity may be beneficial in increasing physical and mental well-being in general, and therefore the quality of life of the person. In our country, there is not enough information about the ongoing nutritional habits and physical activity levels of MS patients in their daily lives, and quality of life studies are limited. Our limited knowledge on these issues narrows the possibility of movement in an area that can be corrected in MS patients and thus have a positive impact on their quality of life. The aim of this study is to determine compliance with the Mediterranean diet, the tendency to use various nutritional supplements, physical activity habits, walking-related problems and quality of life in MS patients and to evaluate whether there is a significant relationship between these parameters.