Active clinical trials for "Tuberculosis"

The SEARCH study aims to test evidenced-based innovative community based interventions that lead to the elimination of HIV in rural communities in East Africa using a multi-disease approach. The first phase of the study will quantify the impact of early HIV diagnosis using a streamlined and immediate ART (antiretroviral therapy). The second phase of the study, will quantify the impact of targeted Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in the context of universal treatment and streamlined care. The study intervention is designed to improve the entire continuum of care, to reduce structural barriers for all populations including those most "at risk".

The purpose of this study is to examine the colchicine concentration before and after the administration of rifampicin.

P1106 is Phase IV prospective pharmacokinetic (PK) study of low birth weight infants who are receiving or will be receiving as part of clinical care nevirapine (NVP) prophylaxis, tuberculosis (TB) prophylaxis or treatment and/or combination antiretroviral (ARV) treatment containing lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r). The study is designed to describe the pharmacokinetics and safety of NVP, INH, RIF, and LPV/r in these infants receiving the drug(s) as part of clinical care.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a new population-based active case-finding program among adult household contacts of new infectious TB cases to detect active TB cases in the largest district, Lima, Peru.

The goal of this study is to evaluate time to diagnosis for three assays (line probe, pyrosequencing, and Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility Assay [MODS]) to detect resistance to first and second-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains in 7 days or less, allowing for rapid diagnosis of extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB).

The broad purpose of this project, proposed by investigators at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and the State of Alabama Department of Public Health, is to use a behaviorally focused education that has been proven effective to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of the contact investigation process. The behaviorally focused intervention will focus on enabling public health workers to understand and implement a recently published model of TB transmission.

The purpose of this study is to determine how vitamin D supplementation (ergocalciferol) affects the immune response to mycobacterial infection.

To develop a behavioral intervention aimed at public health workers who perform tuberculosis contact investigation and designed to enhance the contact investigation process.

The Community Outreach Intervention Project (COIP) implemented and evaluated a TB intervention with injection drug users (IDUs) in two Chicago Neighborhoods, guided by the indigenous outreach leadership model that had been used for AIDS prevention among drug users.

OBJECTIVES: I. Recruit 300 injection drug users with positive tuberculin skin tests who are candidates for isoniazid chemoprophylaxis into a trial of several interventions to enhance adherence to preventive therapy. II. Compare the effectiveness of self-administered isoniazid chemoprophylaxis supplemented with peer education and support groups versus directly observed preventive therapy delivered by a licensed nurse versus self-administered therapy with standard clinic follow-up and education. Outcome measures are adherence to prescribed doses of medication and the proportion of patients who complete therapy. III. Compare the impact of monetary incentives on therapy adherence by random assignment to immediate vs. deferred financial incentive. IV. Assess attitudes, knowledge, and beliefs about tuberculosis and preventive therapy in these patients and determine the association of these factors with demographic, social, and clinical characteristics. V. Assess attitudes and beliefs about tuberculosis susceptibility, seriousness, benefits of preventive therapy, barriers to therapy, and self-efficacy as predictors of health-related behaviors as measured by adherence with therapy, and determine the impact of the assigned interventions on these attitudes and beliefs.