Active clinical trials for "Tuberculosis"

An open-label, randomised controlled trial comparing compliance to treatment for latent tuberculosis infection in socially marginalised citizens. Participants will be randomized to either daily isoniazid for 6 months or weekly rifapentine and isoniazid as directly observed therapy for twelve weeks.

This study investigates the prevention of early mortality in patients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa where 79% of the co-infected cases of TB reside. Many published studies have shown a surprisingly high proportion of all patients initiated on ART dying within 6 months (8-26%) with increasing risk with decreasing CD4 T cell count. The majority (median 70%) occur in the first 3 months with the greatest proportion of deaths due to previously undiagnosed tuberculosis (TB). The investigators will enroll patients from 4 geographically diverse countries (Gabon, Mozambique, South Africa, and Uganda) in a randomized open label clinical trial targeting a population of people with high mortality risk; patients with CD4 T cell count < 50 cells/μl and body mass index (BMI) < 18 kg/m2. Severely immunocompromised patients with low BMI in the intervention arm will receive presumptive anti-TB 4-drug chemotherapy and subsequently initiate ART within 2 weeks compared to ART alone. The main objective is to measure and compare early mortality in the group presumptively treated for TB in addition to ART. Other sub-objectives are to determine the predictors of early mortality and the causes of death by autopsy (traditional and verbal), to determine if presumptive anti-TB treatment affects viral suppression with ART, and to assess incidence rates and characterize drug toxicity in patients dually treated. Because of the high rates of TB co-infection in sub-Saharan Africa in the HIV-infected, the investigators expect that patients presumptively treated for TB in addition to HIV will have a lower mortality rate than patients receiving ART only. This trial is expected to be of great public health benefit and generalisability.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of immediate antiretroviral therapy versus 2 month deferred anti-Tb therapy upon the clinical course of tuberculosis and HIV infection in patients with AIDS and active tuberculosis.

The purpose of this study is: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of orally administered OPC-67683 when administered two times daily to MDR tuberculosis (TB) participants refractory to treatment with an optimized background regimen of anti-TB medications (OBR). To evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of OPC-67683 and metabolites.

To study the optimal timing to initiate antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients who are receiving tuberculosis treatment between at 4 weeks and at 12 weeks after tuberculosis treatment by comparing the composite end point of death rate, hospitalization rate and adverse drug reactions at week 48, 96 and 144.

The study is conducted to compare safety and efficacy of isoniazid administered as an adjusted dose based on NAT2 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase type 2)genotype and as a standard dose. The hypothesis is that the genotype-adjusted dose is superior to the standard dose with regard to hepatotoxicity and early treatment failure, respectively, in the group of slow and rapid acetylators of NAT2.

The purpose of this study is to see whether children who take vitamins along with the standard medicine for tuberculosis (TB) recover better and quicker than children who take only the standard medicine for TB. Four hundred children ages 6 weeks-5 years, who have been diagnosed with tuberculosis, will be enrolled. They will be followed for 2 months after treatment for TB. Study procedures may include blood draws, Tuberculin Skin Tests, body measurements, gastric aspirates (removal of stomach fluid), physical exams, and questionnaires. This study will occur in Tanzania.

It is intended for patients who have been admitted to the outpatient or emergency room or are hospitalized For patients who diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis or extrapulmonary tuberculosis using Xpert TB/RIF, additionally, diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis or extrapulmonary tuberculosis using a new diagnostic method, and check the test results. Check whether the tuberculosis bacteria were actually cultured in the sample in the future, and compare the sensitivity and specificity in each test. Validation in animal model In an animal model (rat) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that shows similar characteristics to tuberculosis destructive lung, It will be investigated whether the HI method can be validated by separating and concentrating microbiome for various pathogens including Mycobacterium tuberculosis using HI method. Confirm.

Every year there are an estimated 230,000 childhood deaths from TB. There is an urgent need for novel tests for TB diagnosis in children under 15 years. The Rapid Research in Diagnostics Development for TB Network (R2D2 Kids) and the Assessing Diagnostics at Point-of-care for Tuberculosis in children (ADAPT for Kids) studies seek to reduce the burden of TB worldwide by evaluating faster, simpler, and less expensive TB triage and diagnostic tests for use in children.

The objectives of this research are to determine: the burden of intestinal parasitic infections among persons living with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) whether intestinal parasitic infections alter TB treatment outcomes, including speed of sputum clearance and treatment outcomes the impact of malnutrition on speed of sputum clearance and TB treatment outcomes whether nutritional supplementation improves speed of sputum clearance and treatment outcomes In this study the researchers will investigate how intestinal parasites impact the nutritional status of TB patients before the start of nutritional supplementation and how they alter the trajectory of weight gain in those receiving supplementation by analyzing results from 2 cohorts. LEOPARD Cohort 1- Control-Enroll TB cases, screen for undernutrition, obtain stool for intestinal parasite screening by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and assess them for treatment outcomes and weight gain TB LION (Learning Impact of Nutrition) - Enroll TB cases, provide nutritional supplementation for 6 months (as part of existing TB LION study), screen for undernutrition, obtain stool for intestinal parasite screening by PCR, and assess them for treatment outcomes and weight gain LEOPARD Cohort 2 - Enroll TB cases, screen for undernutrition, obtain stool for internal parasite screening by PCR, and assess them for treatment outcomes and weight gain.