Active clinical trials for "Myocardial Infarction"

The purpose of this study is to assess safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). The comparison of DOACs between themselves is of interest. The investigators will carry out separate population-based, matched cohort studies, using health administrative databases in nine jurisdictions in Canada, the UK and the US. New users of DOACs for stroke prevention in non-valvular AF will be eligible to enter the cohorts. Follow-up will continue until a hospitalization or emergency department visit for a stroke. The results from the separate sites will be combined by meta-analysis to provide an overall assessment of the safety and effectiveness of the different anticoagulation regimens in stroke prevention in AF. The investigators hypothesize that different DOACs will have similar safety and effectiveness profiles.

The purpose of this study is to assess safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). The comparison of DOACs versus oral vitamin K antagonists, in particular warfarin, is of interest. The investigators will carry out separate population-based, matched cohort studies, using health administrative databases in seven Canadian provinces. New users of oral anticoagulants (DOACs or warfarin) for stroke prevention in non-valvular AF will be eligible to enter the cohorts. Follow-up will continue until a hospitalization or emergency department visit for a stroke. The results from the separate sites will be combined by meta-analysis to provide an overall assessment of the safety and effectiveness of the different anticoagulation regimens in stroke prevention in AF. The investigators hypothesize that DOACs and warfarin will have similar safety and effectiveness profiles.

The management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the acute phase requires an optimal antiaggregation combining aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor (clopidogrel, prasugrel or ticagrelor). Primary percutaneous coronary intervention must be performed within 2 hours of first medical contact. However, even with the new P2Y12 inhibitors, effective platelet inhibition which is required to inhibit the progression of intracoronary thrombus, is present only in half of the patients at 2 hours. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is the reference method for visualizing and quantifying intracoronary thrombus. The post-stenting intracoronary residual mass evaluated in OCT was associated with altered myocardial reperfusion indices, which were themselves associated with the prognosis of the patient. However, the determinants of this post-stenting residual mass -mostly thrombotic- remain unknown. Measurement of platelet reactivity (expressed as P2Y12 Reaction Unit and Aspirin Reaction Unit) by simple turbidimetric tests (VerifyNow) is available in the cathlab. Enhanced platelet reactivity is reported in patients with acute coronary syndrome and represents a high-risk situation for recurrent coronary events in this setting. The study aims to: to evaluate the relationship between the post-stenting residual intracoronary mass evaluated in OCT and the platelet response at the time of the PCI evaluated by Verify Now to confirm the impact of the residual mass measured by OCT on the EKG and angiographic myocardial reperfusion indices identify patients with high thrombotic risk who may require more intensive antithrombotic therapy identify simple biological markers associated with the residual mass measured by OCT

Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is produced from the metabolism of gut microbiota and is reportedly pro-atherogenic and associated with cardiovascular events. The purpose of this study is to investigate the sequential change in TMAO levels by current optimal secondary prevention therapies in patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) and the clinical impact of TMAO levels on the progression of atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular events.

The aim of Multiplaque clinical study is to assess the vulnerability degree of the atheromatous plaques, before and after a myocardial infarction (MI), based on multiomics analysis, associated with invasive and non-invasive data. In this study, a multi-parametric model for risk prediction will be developed, for evaluation of the risk that is associated with the vulnerable coronary plaques in patients that have suffered an acute coronary syndrome. In the study, evaluation of the imaging characteristics of these coronary plaques will be performed with the use of CT, OCT, IVUS and invasive angiography. We will study the correlation between plaque evolution and (1) the degree of vulnerability at baseline, (2) multiomics profile of the patients and (3) clinical evolution during follow-up. Also, new techniques for evaluation of the functional significance of coronary stenoses will be studied and validated, such as calculation of the fractional flow reserve or determination of shear stress in areas that are localized within the near vicinity of the vulnerable coronary plaques.

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the gold standard of treatment of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Slow flow / no-reflow phenomenon following PPCI in STEMI patients has been a serious and common complication that closely related to the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and affected patients' prognosis. No reflow is a multi-factorial phenomenon. And its preventive and therapeutic effects are not satisfactory. This prospective randomized controlled study aimed to compare favorable effects of Nitroprusside versus Tirofiban on the prevention of slow flow / no-reflow phenomenon during PPCI.

Elective percutaneous coronary intervention (EPCI) is the common treatment of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Slow flow / no-reflow phenomenon following EPCI in STEMI patients has been a serious and common complication that closely related to the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and affected patients' prognosis. No reflow is a multi-factorial phenomenon. And its preventive and therapeutic effects are not satisfactory. This prospective randomized controlled study aimed to compare favorable effects of Nitroprusside versus Tirofiban on the prevention of slow flow / no-reflow phenomenon during EPCI.

TWILIGHT study is a multicenter RCT comparing treatment with ticagrelor alone versus ticagrelor plus aspirin in high-risk patients after PCI. All patients will receive DAPT (ticagrelor plus aspirin) for the initial 3 months post-PCI and then be randomized to either Ticagrelor alone OR Ticagrelor plus Aspirin DAPT. To investigate the pharmacodynamic effects of the two treatments in this trial, a 'Platelet Sub-study' will be conducted only at the Mount Sinai Medical Center. The sub-study will recruit randomized patients from the TWILIGHT Trial at Mount Sinai and conduct specialized blood tests at randomization and one month thereafter. The aim of the Platelet Sub-study is to compare the antithrombotic effects of Ticagrelor alone versus Ticagrelor plus Aspirin using an ex vivo model of thrombosis (Badimon Chamber).

Health literacy (HL) is the ability to access, understand, evaluate and apply information in order to communicate with health professionals and understand health instructions but also, promote, maintain and improve health throughout life. Health literacy is known as a health determinant. An association has been shown between low health literacy and low health outcomes such as increased number of unscheduled hospitalization or emergency visits, low medication adherence and poor health status. These have been particularly demonstrated with cardiovascular diseases, which combine risk factors (emergency hospitalization, reduction in the length of hospital stays, and complex secondary preventive drug treatments). Despite many scientific international literature about health literacy and health outcomes, no information is available in France on the prevalence of low health literacy level of patients, notably cardiovascular patients. The investigating team's hypothesis is that knowing the prevalence of low HL levels in cardiovascular patients would help to better tailored a communication intervention dedicated to the needs of these low-HL patients with the final aim of increasing their adhesion to preventive drugs and behavioural recommendations. The first aim of the present study is to estimate the prevalence of low HL level among patients discharged after acute myocardial infarction or acute decompensation of chronic heart failure. Secondary aims are to assess factors associated with the level of HL and identify barriers and facilitators of low HL patients to understand medical information on their disease. The results of this study will guide the design of the intervention of an interventional study on HL of cardiovascular patients.

For patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), immediate and timely reperfusion treatment is essential. Pharmacoinvasive strategy (PIs) exploits the widespread availability of fibrinolysis and its early administration to restore some degree of myocardial blood flow, coupled with the complete restoration of the culprit coronary artery patency that can be obtained with subsequent angioplasty. Several trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of PIs when compared with PPCI; however, real-world data is lacking, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to compare safety and efficacy of PIs with PPCI in real-world patients with STEMI presenting to large geographical area.