Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn"

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) commonly complicates acute illness in intensive care units (ICU). This syndrome is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In management of ARDS patients, lung protective ventilation and prone ventilation are key strategies which have shown survival benefits in recent years and now become standard part of care in these patient. Prone positioning used for surgeries in operation room has been reported with ocular complications, of which vision loss is one of the devastating complications. There is scarcity of literature on effect of prone positioning on intra-ocular pressure (IOP) in critically ill patients. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the effect of prone position on IOP in critically ill patients and follow up for other ocular complication among survivors.

Evaluation of preload responsiveness in ARDS patients during prone position is difficult and only one study showed Trendelenburg manoeuvre can be used in this group of patients. This study aims to investigate whether end-expiratory occlusion test, tidal volume challenge (using the changes in PPV) can be used to evaluate preload responsiveness in patients with ARDS ventilated with a low tidal volume and who underwent a PP session.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate if a postural recruitment maneuver (PRM) improves the aeration and distribution of lung ventilation in patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) caused by COVID-19 infection; without the need to reach high airway pressures as in the standard lung recruitment maneuver and / or place the patient in prone position. This strategy could be particularly useful in the context of a major health emergency in centers with limited resources.

Feasibility study of a simplified respiratory support system for newborn infants

This study generates robust, uniform clinical data across emerging COVID-19 strains to train ML/AI algorithms of the Sponsor's imPulse™ Una infrasound-to-ultrasound e-stethoscope for digital diagnostic feature synthesis of asymptomatic and symptomatic COVID-19 digital biosignatures for rapid and accurate adult and child mass screening.

Literature basis Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical syndrome characterized by respiratory distress and progressive hypoxemia, which is caused by diffuse alveolar and pulmonary interstitial edema caused by various pulmonary and extrapulmonary factors other than cardiogenic factors. ARDS incidence rate is as high as 75 /10 000 per year, and sepsis and pulmonary infection are the most common causes. In the past, it was generally believed that excessive immune activation is the core of the pathophysiology of ARDS, and neutrophils are recognized as the core driver of inflammatory hyperactivity and lung injury in ARDS. Although some progress has been made in the epidemiology, pathogenesis and pathophysiology of ARDS in the past 50 years, and the clinical outcomes of some patients with ARDS have been improved by optimizing the mode of mechanical ventilation and fluid treatment, as well as prone ventilation and the use of muscle relaxants, ARDS is still one of the most common causes of death and disability in intensive care units, The mortality rate of the disease is currently as high as 30-40%. There is still a lack of effective drugs for the treatment of ARDS in clinic, and even glucocorticoids applied for immune overactivation have not achieved good results. This is related to the unclear pathogenesis of ARDS. Therefore, it is still a hot and difficult point to further explore the pathogenesis and progression of ARDS and find new therapeutic targets. In the past, mature PMN in peripheral blood was generally considered as a functional cell in the end stage, but it is widely involved in different innate immune responses (including inflammation, infection, tumor, autoimmunity, etc.) and can adopt very different effector mechanisms. Therefore, with the deepening of research, neutrophil subtypes with different functions (such as immune regulation and repair) have been identified in recent years: cd16dimcd62lbrightpmn and cd16brightcd62ldimmpmn. In the steady state of healthy people, the classic mature neutrophils (cd16brightcd62lbright) in peripheral blood account for more than 98% of the total PMN, and the proportion of the two neutrophil subtypes is relatively low. In the inflammatory state, the proportion of cd16dimcd62lbright and cd16brightcd62ldim neutrophils increased significantly. Proteomic analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two subtypes of neutrophils. The nucleus of cd16dimcd62lbright neutrophil subgroup is banded, which is released from bone marrow after being stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It accounts for 20% - 25% of PMN in whole blood in LPS infection model. The apoptosis rate is significantly reduced, and the bacteriostatic effects such as oxidative burst and phagocytosis are significantly enhanced; On the contrary, cd16brightcd62ldim neutrophil subgroup has reduced antibacterial ability and shows immunosuppressive phenotype. It is a newly discovered neutrophil subtype with immunosuppressive function in recent years, which can inhibit T cell proliferation, which is related to immunosuppression in the experimental human endotoxemia model. In our previous studies, we have successfully obtained a new amino acid derivative of ocotillol ginsenoside, which may have the pharmacological activities of ocotillol ginsenoside and glycine, and has a potential role in improving the delay of apoptosis and immunosuppression of ARDS neutrophil subtypes, and has the potential of new drug development for the treatment of ARDS. The experimental steps are as follows: Firstly, the peripheral blood of ARDS patients in ICU was collected, and neutrophils were isolated from the peripheral blood. The proportion of neutrophil subtypes and the degree of apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Co culture with human T lymphocytes in vitro to observe its ability to inhibit T cell proliferation. Then, the neutrophils of ARDS patients were cultured with different doses of ginsenoside glycine derivatives, and the detection of the above indexes was repeated again. Finally, the mechanism of neutrophils in the pathogenesis and progression of ARDS was discussed.

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV2 virus. COVID-19 patients can develop a severe disease that can lead to hypoxic respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Severe patients can require access to intensive care unit (ICU). Early rehabilitation is known to be effective in critically ill patients and in ARDS. Early rehabilitation is known to be effective in critically ill subjects. The role of physiotherapy in severe COVID-19 patients is still unclear and few guidelines have been proposed so far. Aim of this study is to assess efficacy of early rehabilitation for severe ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients as compared to a group that did not received physiotherapy treatment in ICU.

In the present study, 126 patients were enrolled (23 control, 38 non-septic and 65 septic patients). Blood samples were collected from septic patients at the intensive care unit (ICU) at three time points (T1-3): T1: within 12h after admission; T2: second day morning; T3: third day morning. Sampling points for non-septic ICU patients were T1 and T3. Exclusion criteria were patients under 18 years of age, unobtainable consent, end-stage renal disease requiring chronic dialysis or kidney transplantation and patients with malignancies needing palliative care. Not more than one sample (venous blood) was collected from control patients. Plasma presepsin levels were determined by an automated chemiluminescence-based Point of Care instrument while serum gelsolin levels were measured using an automated immune turbidimetric assay. Plasma presepsin concentrations were expressed as pg/mL, while serum gelsolin levels were expressed as mg/L. Data were compared with laboratory and clinical parameters. Patients were categorized by the Sepsis-3 definitions and 10-day mortality data were investigated. Presepsin:gelsolin ratio was evaluated in major sepsis-related organ dysfunctions including hemodynamic disturbances, respiratory insufficiency and acute kidney injury (AKI).

Retrospective study in COVID-19 ARDS patients hospitalised in the ICU. Investigators aim to explore the effects of prone positioning on oxygenation, dead space ventilation and mortality.

Prospective, mono centric study on COVID-19 patients with or without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) to analyse the dynamics of the immune response and to search for biomarkers of evolution