Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn"

By using Mechanical Power and Driving Pressure instead of Pmean we calculate new oxygen saturation indices like Driving Pressure Oxygen Index (OIDP), Dynamic Power Oxygen Index (OIMPdyn), Total Power Oxygen Index (OIMPtot), Driving Pressure Saturation Index (OSIDP), Dynamic Power Saturation Index (OSIMPdyn) ve Power Saturation Index (OSIMPtot). New oxygenation and saturation indices are able to predict ICU mortality better than the conventional indexes and rates.

Excessive respiratory effort may cause self-inflicted lung injury (SILI) and inspiratory muscle injuries , stimulate desynchronization between the patient and ventilator , and worsen the perfusion of extrapulmonary organs . Appropriate respiratory drive and effort should be maintained during the treatment of patients with respiratory failure . In contrast, respiratory drive and effort are commonly increased in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia , and this phenomenon may persist in critically ill patients with COVID-19, even after receiving venovenous ECMO (vv-ECMO) support, owing to low pulmonary compliance and a high systemic inflammatory state . To reduce respiratory effort and drive, ICU physicians often administer high doses of sedative drugs, analgesics, and muscle relaxants. The prolonged use of high doses of these drugs can cause loss of the spontaneous cough reflex, which in turn impairs sputum drainage and eventually worsens pulmonary consolidation and lung infections. As the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2) could affect the respiratory drive from the respiratory center (1), it has been shown that altering different levels of extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal in patients undergoing ECMO recovering from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) could alter respiratory drive. We hope to find a more appropriate target for maintaining PaCO2 to control respiratory effort in patients with COVID-19 undergoing ECMO.

In this mixed methods study, the investigators assessed feasibility of use of the PATH bCPAP kit on neonatal patients as well as the usability and acceptability of the device by healthcare workers.The study took place in a rural Ugandan special care nursery with experience in bCPAP. Neonates with respiratory failure were consented and treated with the PATH bCPAP kit and blenders. The investigators conducted prospective data collection of the device use through observation as well as collected qualitative data via interviews with nurses, which were analyzed using a rapid qualitative analytical method.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of administering antenatal steroids in term fetuses on the blood flow in the fetal pulmonary artery, and to correlate these findings with clinical data obtained after birth documenting respiratory disorders.

Continuous distending airway pressure (CPAP) has gained popularity as a means to provide non-invasive respiratory support in neonates to reduce ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). However, maintaining CPAP in preterm infants has been challenging, often related to issues with nasal interface such as nasal septal injury, problems with keeping the prongs in the nose and leak around the prongs with are important factors in proving effective CPAP. RAM cannula was recently approved for providing supplemental oxygen and soon adapted by many centers to provide CPAP in preterm infants. Concerns have been raised that RAM cannula interface results in sub-optimal pressure delivery compared to standard nasal prongs.

The purpose of this international, multicenter service review is to describe and compare ventilation management in patients at risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) versus patients not at risk and patients with established ARDS, and to ascertain whether certain ventilator settings and ventilation parameters are associated with pulmonary complications or development of ARDS after start of ventilation in patients in intensive care units (ICUs) in Asian countries. Participating centers will include adult patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in the ICU during a 28-day period. Patients' data will be collected during the first 7 days in the ICU, or until ICU discharge. Follow up is until ICU discharge. The primary outcome includes two main ventilator settings, i.e., tidal volume and the level of positive end-expiratory pressure. Secondary endpoints are development of ARDS in patients without ARDS at the onset of mechanical ventilation, worsening of ARDS in patients with ARDS at the onset of mechanical ventilation, pulmonary infection, other pulmonary complications, need for tracheostomy, duration of ventilation, length of ICU stay and ICU mortality.

Hypoxemia may be refractory to protective ventilation during the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), justifying the use of other therapies that improved oxygenation and decreased mortality, including prone position (PP). During ARDS, the majority of patients are responders to PP with increased PaO2 due to homogenization of the ventilation-perfusion ratio. Despite changes in intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal pressure, hemodynamic parameters are not changed. Besides the fact that the PP improves systemic oxygenation is it the same on cerebral oxygenation? No study has investigated the cerebral oxygenation during PP in patients with ARDS. The cerebral oxygenation may be altered due to the position of the patient and high levels of positive end-expiratory pressure. This decrease oxygenation may be responsible for cognitive impairment when patients awake. NIRS (Near Infrared Spectroscopy) is a noninvasive tool, capable of delivering information on cerebral oxidative metabolism and its hemodynamic status. It can be used routinely for the management of resuscitation in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients. This study is to investigate cerebral oxygenation during prone position in the investigators' patients of ICU.

This research focuses on lung malformations detected in fetuses during prenatal ultrasound exams. Pathogenic mechanisms of these rare malformations are poorly understood. Improved knowledge is needed, to give families better information, and to better standardize treatment decisions The main goal is to better predict neonatal complications associated with these malformations, by identifying key predictive markers during the fetal period. To achieve this objective, it is planned to include 400 pregnant women with prenatal diagnosis of pulmonary malformation in 45 health centers in France. This is the largest study on this topic at the international level.

Current definitions of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) could be adequate for epidemiological studies but are not adequate for inclusion of patients into therapeutic clinical trials. It is a matter of debate whether the assessment of hypoxemia at ARDS onset is appropriate for stratifying lung severity and risk of death in ARDS patients. The investigators will perform an observational, non-interventional, multicenter, prospective audit in a network of intensive care units in Spain for evaluating the severity and risk of death based on the assessment of respiratory and ventilatory function at 24 hours after ARDS diagnosis under standardized ventilatory conditions. This study is the confirmatory phase of the study NCT02288949.

The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical syndrome of progressive dyspnea and refractory hypoxemia caused by various reasons. Although in recent years a variety of supportive care measures have significant progress, but the mortality rate of patients with ARDS is still as high as 35-40%. Mechanical ventilation is one of the main treatments with ARDS, which is widely used in clinical. The rational mechanical ventilation strategy can improve the oxygenation of patients with ARDS and reduce lung injury. Patients with ARDS usually have alveolar epithelial and pulmonary capillary endothelial injury, and the lesion has heterogeneity. The protective mechanical ventilation strategies chosen by patients with ARDS in clinical practice are gradually being accepted and applied. The High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is a ventilation way with high respiratory rate and low tidal volume. Compared with conventional mechanical ventilation, HFOV may be able to more effectively improve oxygenation and reduce ventilator-associated lung injury. HFOV and protective ventilation strategy in ARDS is consistent with an important position in the treatment of ARDS, but not been widely adopted in clinical practice and is still only as a salvage treatment. Therefore, this study intends to use HFOV treatment with conventional mechanical ventilation by matching the cases in patients with ARDS. By comparing the influences of the patient's condition and mortality with HFOV, the clinical efficacy, safety, and health economics effectiveness of HFOV are further investigated and adaption time and parameter settings of HFOV are explored, which provide better treatment options for patients with ARDS and improve their prognosis.