Active clinical trials for "Brain Neoplasms"

Brain metastases occur in 20-40% of patients with metastatic cancer. The standard treatment is based on whole brain radiation therapy and local treatment of metastases as neurosurgery or radiosurgery. However, many cases can not receive a standard local treatment, and local relapse occurs in almost 50% of cases treated with only whole brain irradiation. There are retrospective studies of increased radiation dose at the site of metastasis with hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HSRT) with favorable results, but there are no controlled studies regarding the safety of radiation dose in these situations. This study is a phase I study to evaluate the maximum tolerance dose (MTD) with HSRT as a way to increase the dose of radiation after the WBRT for patients with 1-3 brain metastases not eligible for surgery or RS.

1.1. Primary Objectives 1. To determine if nab-paclitaxel and temozolomide can be combined with full dose of bevacizumab for the therapy of patients with newly diagnosed brain metastases of metastatic malignant melanoma. To define the MTD of the combination (Phase I component). To determine progression free survival (Phase II component). 1.2. Secondary Objectives To separately evaluate the response rate and duration of both the brain and extra-cranial systemic metastases. To define the toxicity of the regimen. To tabulate the toxicity of the radiotherapy to the brain and compare with known toxicities of radiotherapy to the brain in melanoma and brain metastases. To use the data generated to plan definitive controlled clinical trials of the combination. To determine the overall response rate (Phase II component).

The purpose of this randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled pilot study is to investigate whether dexmedetomidine when used as an adjuvant to general anesthesia can decrease the harmful effects of anesthesia and surgery on intelligence development in pediatric patients undergoing craniotomy.

This study is designed to determine outcome for patients with 5 or more central nervous system (CNS) metastatic lesions treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

This is a single arm pilot study of 64Cu-MM-302 and unlabeled MM-302 in combination with trastuzumab in 10 patients with advanced HER2+ cancer with new or progressive brain metastases. Patients will receive standard imaging at baseline, including FDG-PET/CT plus MR brain imaging. Patients will subsequently start protocol therapy with MM-302 and trastuzumab given on day 1 of an every 21-day dosing cycle, at the recommended phase 2 dose of 30 mg/m2. Patients will receive 64Cu-labeled MM-302 (3-5 mg/m2 doxorubicin) three hours after unlabeled dose of MM-302. Integrated MR/PET imaging of the brain and whole body will be performed at two time points following 64Cu-labeled MM-302 administration: (1) within 3 hours (+/- 1 hour) of labeled drug injection, and (2) 24 hours (+/- 6 hours) post-injection. Patients will continue to receive subsequent doses of unlabeled MM-302 plus trastuzumab every 3 weeks until clinical or radiographic disease progression (either in the brain or systemically) or unacceptable toxicity, whichever occurs soonest. MR brain imaging and FDG-PET/CT scans will be performed every 9 weeks to monitor for treatment response and disease progression.

Women with breast cancer often develop metastases in the brain. Currently, treatment of these metastases is difficult and relies on radiotherapy or surgery which often fail. Therefore, development of new methods of treatment for breast cancer with brain metastasis is very important. T-DM1 is a drug that is already in everyday use for a specific type of breast cancer called HER2-positive breast cancer. The objective of this study is to investigate whether T-DM1 is also effective in brain metastasis and can help patients to live longer and better

Awake craniotomy for removal of brain tumour is performed because the tumour may be located close to areas of the brain that control specific functions such as movement or speech. Local anaesthesia (freezing) and sedation are required to make the patient comfortable and free of pain, but also to be able to cooperate for testing of brain function (speaking, moving) in order to preserve these areas while removing the brain tumour. The patient will be administered routine anesthetic drugs (sedatives (propofol) and pain killers (remifentanil)). The amount of sedation and analgesia (pain killer) is individually tailored to each patient as each person has different requirements. The usual way to give these medications is by the anesthesiologist assessing pain level, watching the patient and monitoring blood pressure and heart rate. Another way to give this medication is now available. This is with a special device, known as a patient-controlled analgesia pump (PCA). This device allows the patient to push a button to give pain medicine through an intravenous line and is frequently used for pain treatment after surgery and for other types of procedures. This device may be helpful during awake craniotomy, as it would allow patient-controlled administration of pain medicine and relaxing medicine whenever required. The amount of medication can be increased by more presses of the pump. At all times during the operation, the anesthesiologist will monitor the patient.

Ionizing radiation produces cancer cell death by creating high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, in irradiated cells. Cancer cells are preferentially affected by ROS. The investigators, therefore, propose that interfering with the detoxification of ROS will make radiation more toxic to cancer cells. Several cellular mechanisms exist to detoxify ROS, and glucose metabolism plays an important role in many of these mechanisms. The investigators propose that interfering with glucose metabolism will sensitize cancer cells to radiation. The investigators' central hypothesis is that 2DG will sensitize cancer cells to ionizing radiation by inhibiting the use of glucose to detoxify reactive oxygen species produced by radiation. As an initial step to evaluate this hypothesis, the investigators have designed this phase I study.

Compare the efficacy of MultiHance and Magnevist

The purpose of this study is to determine whether [18F]FHBG is suitable for use as an imaging probe in cancer or rheumatoid arthritis patients enrolled in cell or gene therapy trials. In this phase 1 study we will assess the safety and biodistribution of [18F]FHBG in patients.