Active clinical trials for "Lung Neoplasms"

This Phase II study is to explore the efficacy and toxicity of Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and Carboplatin in patients with previously untreated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) not amenable to radiotherapy or surgical treatment. The planned enrollment for this trial is 48 patients (including a 10% rate for inevaluable patients).

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer mortality in men and women in Singapore.Chemotherapy and biologically targeted agents can extend survival only modestly for these patients; therefore, discovery of novel ways to prolong the disease course is a top research priority. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway plays a central role in the neoplastic transformation of NSCLC and promotes cancer cell survival, metastasis, and angiogenesis. The predominance of EGFR signaling in NSCLC makes the pathway an attractive candidate for the development of targeted therapeutics. Over the last three years, the FDA has approved two drugs for salvage treatment of NSCLC, gefitinib (Iressa ®, formerly known as ZD1839) and erlotinib (Tarceva ®, formerly known as OSI-774). Both are small molecule orally-bioavailable tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) of the EGFR TK domain, and have been shown to improve survival compared to placebo in asian patients when administered after failure of first or second line chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC.

The objectives of the study are to assess the efficacy and safety of live, attenuated measles vaccine as consolidation therapy in patients with measles-positive, non-small cell lung cancer with locally-advanced (stage 3B with pleural effusion) or metastatic (stage 4) tumors in remission.

The irinotecan and cisplatin combination showed significant anti-tumor activity. In the first-line setting, the investigators showed that this regimen had significant anti-tumor activity in 47% of chemo-naïve NSCLC patients with 1-year survival rate of 64.2%. Again, the investigators showed that the second-line Irinotecan and cisplatin is an active and well-tolerated regimen in patients with advanced NSCLC pretreated with non-platinum based chemotherapy. TS-1 (Jeil Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd, Seoul, Korea) is an oral anticancer drug comprised of tegafur, 5-chloro-2, 4-dihydroxypyridine and potassium oxonate, in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:1. Tegafur is a prodrug that generates 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in blood via metabolism by liver enzyme, and 5-chloro-2, 4-dihydroxypyridine enhance the serum concentration of 5-FU by the competitive inhibition of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, an enzyme responsible for 5-FU catabolism. Potassium oxonate is also a reversible competitive inhibitor of orotate phosphoribosyl transferase, a phosphoenzyme for 5-FU. Diarrhea induced by 5-FU administration is though to be attributable to the phosphorylation of 5-FU by the enzyme in the gastrointestinal tissue. After oral administration of potassium oxonate, the concentration of potassium in the gastrointestinal tissue is high enough to inhibit the enzyme while the concentration in blood and tumor is reported to be either slight or nil. Because of these mechanism, oral TS-1 administration generates a higher concentration of 5-FU than protracted intravenous infusion of 5-FU given in a dose equimolar to the tegafur in S-1, whereas the incidence of adverse events concerning the GI tract does not increase. In a phase II trial of TS-1 as first-line setting in NSCLC, the response rate was 22% and the median survival time was 10.2 months. As expected, the incidence of severe gastrointestinal adverse events was low, and so was few severe hematologic toxicity. Recently 3-weekly TS-1 plus cisplatin showed activity against NSCLC with a response rate of 32.7% and the safety was acceptable.

This single arm study will assess the safety and efficacy of Endostar combined with chemotherapy (Gemcitabine plus Platinum-based chemotherapy) followed by Endostar maintenance therapy in patients with stage IIIB/IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

60% of all malignant diseases occur in patients who are 65 years or older. For these patients, aggressive treatments are often not suitable due to reduced life-expectancy, reduced general condition, comorbidities, and reduced vital functions which can lead to increased adverse effects of chemotherapy. Therefore, it is important to investigate alternative therapy options for elderly patients. Erlotinib is an orally applied medication which is associated with reasonable toxicity. This targeted agent may prove an effective and well-tolerated first-line therapy in elderly patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the progression-free survival of the combination of vinorelbine and carboplatin in comparison to erlotinib. Given that there will be no significant reduction of efficiency this may provide elderly patients of more than 70 years of age with an active oral substance without subjecting them to the sometimes severe adverse effect of the chemotherapy.

Oxaliplatin is a diaminocyclohexane platinum compound, with a mechanism of action similar to that of cisplatin. Oxaliplatin has a more manageable toxicity profile than cisplatin, with no renal toxicity and a lower incidence of hematological and gastrointestinal toxicities. Gemcitabine and oxaliplatin are both active in NSCLC with no overlapping toxicity. Preclinical studies show a synergistic effect of the gemcitabine-oxaliplatin combination. The combination of gemcitabine-oxaliplatin is attractive in NSCLC patients as it may improve the therapeutic index.

To determine whether in docetaxel pretreated advanced NSCLC patients with favorable clinical parameter(s) gefitinib can produce different outcomes from patients without favorable clinical parameter treated with irinotecan.

RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor cells. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as docetaxel, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Celecoxib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Giving celecoxib after radiation therapy and chemotherapy may kill any tumor cells that remain after radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Sometimes, after radiation therapy and chemotherapy, the tumor may not need additional treatment until it progresses. In this case, observation may be sufficient. PURPOSE: This randomized phase II trial is studying celecoxib to see how well it works compared to observation in treating patients who have undergone radiation therapy and chemotherapy for stage II or stage III non-small cell lung cancer.

RATIONALE: Specialized radiation therapy that delivers a high dose of radiation directly to the tumor may kill more tumor cells and cause less damage to normal tissue. Giving radiation therapy after surgery may kill any tumor cells that remain after surgery. It is not yet known whether giving radiation therapy after surgery is more effective than no radiation therapy in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer. PURPOSE: This randomized phase III trial is studying radiation therapy to see how well it works compared to no radiation therapy in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer that has been completely removed by surgery.