Active clinical trials for "Ovarian Neoplasms"

To take charge of the treatment in rare adult ovarian tumors with an homogenous manner (germinal and sexual cords tumors), at different stages of the disease.

This project seeks to develop a quantitative imaging biomarker for evaluating and monitoring treatment response in ovarian cancer metastases and assess its potential in monitoring treatment response. This will involve standardising DW-MRI for the abdomen and pelvis across multiple centres and platforms, assessing reproducibility of the measurement in patients planned for neoadjuvant chemotherapy and assessing its utility as an early response biomarker in patients with platinum-sensitive relapse due to receive therapy with carboplatin. Scanning measurements will be correlated with histopathological markers in tumour samples in order to link the biomarker with response mechanisms.

The purpose of this study is to better understand why women choose to have their fallopian tubes removed as a method for ovarian cancer prevention. This will be done through a paper questionnaire and phone interviews. The investigators hope to gain information that will allow us to better counsel women about ovarian cancer prevention.

Background: Endometrial and ovarian cancers are, respectively, the fourth and eighth most common cancers among women in the United States. Although some routine Pap tests may detect the presence of cancer cells, there are no convincing early detection approaches for either cancer. Better methods of detection are needed. Two possible methods for cancer detection involve samples taken with a tampon or a special kind of brush, called a Tao brush. Researchers would like to know more about how well these methods work. Objectives: To assess the quality of DNA collected by the tampon and Tao brush sampling methods. To detect genetic markers in collected DNA and determine if these markers are related to an individual s cancer status. Eligibility: Women age 45 years and older with confirmed or suspected endometrial or ovarian cancer, who will be having surgery. A control group of postmenopausal women having surgery for benign gynecological conditions will be included. Design: Shortly before hysterectomy or more extensive procedures to treat either cancer or the benign condition: A tampon will be inserted into the vagina to collect cell samples, and removed after 30 minutes. After the tampon is removed, the cervix will be swabbed with the Tao brush to collect cell samples. Following the hysterectomy, samples of healthy and cancerous tissue will be taken, and tested by researchers.

The purpose of this study is to validate a score developed by the AGO-OVAR for complete resection of the tumor

Long-Term Objectives: To establish an ongoing national research registry of epidemiologic, clinical and pathologic data on low grade and low malignant potential (LMP) ovarian cancer patients in UTMDACC's Department of Gynecologic Oncology for research purposes. To create a bank of low grade and LMP ovarian cancer tumor blocks for study of the molecular and histopathologic differences among low grade ovarian cancer, ovarian LMP tumors and high grade ovarian cancer. To specify the epidemiologic and clinical profile of low grade and LMP ovarian cancer patients. To identify potential precursors of low grade and LMP ovarian cancer. To assess treatment patterns to guide management of these diseases. To collect quality of life and health outcomes data on these patients. To achieve a fundamental understanding of low grade and LMP ovarian cancer that will inform prevention and screening efforts, motivate development of improved treatments and eventually result in a cure. The short-term objectives are: To detail procedures for potential registrant identification and recruitment. To create a demographic and health history questionnaire for potential registrants. To begin aggregating low grade and low malignant potential ovarian tumor blocks. To specify a timeline for the development of all other aspects of the Registry.

This study will look at genetic changes which occur in the development of male and female breast cancer and other cancer. It will use a new technology called DNA microarray hybridization that looks at a wide array of genes to identify disease-associated patterns in the human genome (complete set of human genes). Numerous studies have linked particular genes to a given disease, but there is very little information on patterns of gene expression (production of proteins from genetic coding) in the entire human genome. Pinpointing genetic abnormalities in disease may help classify different forms of cancer and perhaps lead to new avenues of treatment or prevention. A primary goal of this study will be to create a database of gene expression for human cancers and other disorders that will provide the basis for finding genetic abnormalities in disease. Tumors specimens used in this study will be taken from tissues biopsied from patients with breast, colon cancer, sarcomas or melanoma as part of their routine care. Patients in the study will be among those receiving care at the: Department of Oncology, University Hospital, University of Lund, Sweden (breast cancer); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (breast cancer); Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (melanoma), Johns Hopkins Univ. (colon cancer), Memorial Sloan Kettering (sarcoma). Patients in the study will have a family history taken and will complete a questionnaire. Some patients will be asked to have a blood test. Breast cancer patients will have a mammogram if one has not been done within the last year.

The association between homologous recombination (HR) gene mutations and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status in Chinese epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients is little known. This study would recruit 400 Chinese EOC patients with known targeted gene mutations via a multi-panel testing of 27 genes, including BRCA1/BRCA2. All patients accept evaluation of HRD model, which is based on the loss of heterozygosity (LOH), telomere allele imbalance (TAI) and large-scale state transitions (LST). The mutated genes, HRD score model and their relationship with the prognosis, would provide a full description of for the Chinese EOC patients, and a potential explanation of platinum-resistance in such population.

Molecular alterations in Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) genes have been associated with clinical benefit from chemotherapy and/or Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Therefore, the performance of tumor molecular profiling is currently recommended by international guidelines at initial diagnosis, among other reasons, for the modification of the treatment plan. The investigators' hypothesis was that tumor molecular profiling reveals additional parameters that can improve the predictive and prognostic role of the mere presence of HRR gene mutations. The study aimed to investigate the prognostic and predictive role of clonality of pathogenic variants in HRR genes and/or concurrent pathogenic variants in other clinically relevant genes.

This is an expanded access program (EAP) for eligible patients with Recurrent Ovarian Cancer. This program is designed to provide access to niraparib prior to approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). To be eligible, patients with Recurrent Ovarian Cancer following a partial (PR) or complete response (CR) to their most recent platinum-based chemotherapy and must have experienced a PR or CR after the penultimate (next to last) platinum-based chemotherapy for at least 6 months without disease progression after this chemotherapy.