Active clinical trials for "Rectal Neoplasms"

The purpose of this study is: To compare the long-term of survival and local/regional control between the two postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy regimens: capecitabine vs. oxaliplatin and capecitabine,for stage II and III rectal cancer To compare the toxicity profile between the two different concurrent chemoradiotherapy regimens.

The primary purpose of this registry is to prospectively collect data from different Mini-invasive Colo-rectal Units in Northern Italy with a standardization of the pre-operative, intra-operative and post operative setting for patients operated on for non metastatic rectal cancer with curative intent. The secondary aim is to collect in a registry the compliance to oncological treatments and the oncological outcomes for the same patients

The purpose of this study is to determine whether markers on tumor tissue may be an indicator for good response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer.

Background: Patients treated for rectal cancer are in high risk of developing poor quality of life and faecal incontinence. Faecal incontinence has a negative impact on quality of life. However, there is limited knowledge on how to prevent it. Known exposures are ; age at surgery, gender, tumor height, pre-operative radiotherapy, surgical technique and temporary stoma. In order to evaluate the underlying mechanisms of faecal incontinence, it is central to evaluate the anorectal muscle function for sensory and motor impairment. Exposures representing different constructs in the biopsychosocial model are likewise likely to be associated with quality of life and faecal incontinence. These exposures include sexual dysfunction, urinary incontinence, fatique, physical inactivity and finding meaning in life. There are to our knowledge, no records on these relationships from prior to surgery to 2 years after. These biopsychosocial exposures are central to include when developing strategies that can prevent poor quality of life and faecal incontinence for patients treated for rectal cancer. Purpose: The primary purpose of the EDFI-Cohort study is to determine how several variables (surgical technique, anorectal muscle function, faecal incontinence, urinary incontinence, sexual dysfunction, fatigue, physical activity and finding meaning in life) develop over time and predicts quality of life. Secondary how it predicts LARS-score in patients with rectal cancer from prior to surgery to 2 years after primary treatment. Methods: We will include subjects diagnosed with rectal cancer and have received curative surgery (low anterior resection) with/without adjuvant (radiation/chemo) therapy. The cohort aim to recruit all eligible patients in a one year period. We estimate to recruit 70 patients. Self-reported outcomes will be collected with a series of validated questionnaires that subjects will be asked to complete 6 times during the two year study at 3, 6, 12, 26 78 and 104 weeks. Outcomes include: Quality of life using (EORTC QLQ-C30) (primary outcome), (CR29) and (FA12), bowel related quality of life (LARS-score) (secondary outcome), faecal incontinence (Vaizey score), urinary incontinence (ICIQ-UI), (MLUTS/FLUTS) and (MLUTSsex/FLUTSsex), physical activity level from Danish National Health Profile and finding meaning in life (SOME). Objective measures will be collected at 6 weeks, 6 months, 12 months and 24 months and include: Anorectal manometry that measures anorectal muscle function and rectal perception, a digital examination of anorectal muscle function using the Digital Rectal Examination Scoring System (DRESS) and the six-minute walk test a measure of submaximal exercise capacity. We plan to analyze the EDFI-Cohort study as repeated measures with both simple and multiple linear regression models for the continuous data. We plan to adjust for known confounders and variables related to treatment.

We have an active research program in gastrointestinal cancers including clinical trials, epidemiologic, and translational studies. We would like to establish a biospecimen bank linked to useful clinical information in order to learn more about diagnostic, predictive and prognostic markers for gastrointestinal cancers. PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: 1. To collect and store tumor and normal tissue (previously collected paraffin embedded or frozen specimen) and blood in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: Collect detailed clinical information via a patient questionnaire that includes demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, family, past medical, medication and cancer histories Collect details about the tumor specimen extracted from patient charts.

Colorectal cancers (CRC) are the third most common human malignancy, and are also the leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Early detection of premalignant lesions such as adenomatous polyps has decreased the risk of CRCs; however, cases which are initially undetected and progress to advanced CRC with distant metastasis are still unfortunately incurable. The development of CRC is a complex and heterogeneous process arising from an interaction between multiple etiological factors, including genetic factors and environmental factors such as diet and lifestyle. The challenges are to understand the molecular basis of individual susceptibility to colorectal cancer and to determine factors that initiate the development of the tumor, drive its progression, and determine its responsiveness or resistance to antitumor agents. Next generation sequencing(NGS)-driven genomic studies are already reporting novel features of cancer genomes beyond the traditional mutational categories. Recent advance in sequencing technology has enabled comprehensive profiling of genetic alterations in CRC.These methods are facilitating an increase in the efficiency and resolution of detection of each of the principal types of somatic cancer genome alterations, including nucleotide substitutions, small insertions and deletions, copy number alterations, chromosomal rearrangements,DNA methylation sequencing such as bisulfite-sequencing and microbial infections. Besides the microsatellite instability (MSI), some researchers reported novel mitochondrial mutations in the cancer genomes. NGS technology will help the investigators for understanding of entire CRC genomes and the obtained knowledge will lead to a better diagnosis and personalized targeted therapeutics for CRC management

Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the most-feared postoperative complications after anterior resection of rectal cancer. This complication compromises both short term and long term outcome of patients. The incidence of AL after anterior resection was approximately 6-11%. Although several risk factors for AL such as male sex, smoking, tumor location, longer operative time, intraoperative blood loss had been reported in previous studies, the incidence of AL did not meet a significant decrease. So far there is no multi-site observational study on incidence and risk factors of AL after anterior resection in China, therefore this study aims to work on this issue and provide evidence for clinical practice.

Objective: To analyze the survival of patients with a reduction in the number of resected LN in patients submitted to neoadjuvant and total excision of the mesorectum with rectal cancer. Expected results: Survival rate between patients Complete Pathologic Response with less than 12 LN and 12 or more LN. To determine the difference in survival between patients with less than 12 LN in complete versus incomplete response.

This is a retrospective observational study to investigate the short-term surgical outcomes, and long-term oncological outcomes of patients diagnosed with Ulcerative colitis and rectal cancer.

Mid to low-lying rectal cancer patient with enlarged lateral lymph node befor treatment and receiving lateral lymph node dissection would be enrolled. Radiomics parameters of lateral lymph nodes would be extracted by expert software. Then a part of the nodes would be used as the training set to build the prediction model, and the another part nodes would be used as the validation set.