Active clinical trials for "Rectal Neoplasms"

International registry for cancer patients evaluating the feasibility and clinical utility of an Artificial Intelligence-based precision oncology clinical trial matching tool, powered by a virtual tumor boards (VTB) program, and its clinical impact on pts with advanced cancer to facilitate clinical trial enrollment (CTE), as well as the financial impact, and potential outcomes of the intervention.

A randomized controlled clinical trial to compare the short and long term outcomes of left colic artery preservation for the treatment of Rectal Cancer

This pilot trial studies how well active surveillance and chemotherapy before surgery work in treating participants with stage II-III rectal cancer. Active surveillance involves monitoring participants for additional tumor growth after receiving cancer treatment. Drugs used in chemotherapy work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. It is not yet known whether deferring surgery after active surveillance and chemotherapy will work better in treating participants with stage II-III rectal cancer.

It has been shown that adipokines (resistin, leptin, adiponectin) secreted from adipose tissue and proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-a are associated with the risk of developing colorectal cancer. However, the role of these factors in predicting clinical response to neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancers is unknown. In this study, the role of serum adipokine levels before neoadjuvant therapy in predicting clinical response in patients with rectal cancer is investigated. For this purpose, blood will be drawn from patients with rectal cancer who will receive neoadjuvant therapy, serum adipokines will be studied and clinical response to neoadjuvant therapy will be compared.

This is a prospective, one arm phase II study aimed to observe the efficacy and safety of tislelizumab combined with fruquintinib in treatment of patients with pMMR / MSS locally advanced rectal cancer with high immune score.

Prospectively Investigate the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant cetuximab + chemotherapy (mFOLFOX6) combined with short-course radiotherapy (25Gy/5Fx) for RAS wild-type locally advanced rectal cancer

It has been reported that better local control is achieved and sphincters are preserved at a higher rate with curative resections performed after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancers. In addition, it has been reported that local recurrence is reduced and survival is prolonged in patients with complete pathological response to neoadjuvant therapy. Therefore, the importance of predicting patients with pathological complete response has increased. It has been reported that data obtained from PET-CT scans and clinical information such as tumor size, T stage, and N stage may be useful in predicting the response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Consideration of blood biomarkers in predicting neoadjuvant response can be a very attractive option. Because samples are easily collected, relatively inexpensive to measure, and contain information about different aspects of tumor biology. There are a limited number of blood biomarkers such as CEA and IL-6 that have been studied in the literature. Experimental studies show that vitamin D suppresses inflammation and protects against cancer by triggering differentiation. In 1980, Cedric and Frank Garland stated for the first time that vitamin D may affect the survival of the patient after the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. In later studies, a positive relationship was reported between the serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D - 25 (OH) D and survival rates for colorectal cancer, breast and prostate cancer. In addition, 25 (OH) D serum concentration has been shown to be inversely related to colorectal cancer progression. In the light of all these information, the role of serum vitamin D levels before neoadjuvant treatment in predicting pathological response in patients with rectal cancer is investigated in this study.

A multicenter, cohort, randomized, controlled study is being conducted since the 1of September, 2023 whereby the immediate and long-term results of pelvic floor and perineal wound plastic surgery after extralevatory abdominal-perineal extirpation of the rectum will be compared. The study is conducted on the basis of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Ministry of Health Care of the Russian Federation, the Department of General Surgery at the clinical base of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution " Krasnodar Regional Hospital No. 1 named after Professor S.V. Ochapovsky" of the Ministry of Health Care of the Krasnodar Territory, State Budgetary Healthcare Institution " Krasnodar Oncological Dispensary No. 1" of the Ministry of Health Care of the Krasnodar Territory The study included patients over 18 years old suffering from cancer of the lower ampullary rectum with T1-T4N0-2M0 (according to the classification of malignant tumors TNM in the 8th edition), who are scheduled for extralevatory abdominal-perineal extirpation of the rectum. Patients are randomized into 3 groups: the first group includes patients with plastic surgery in a simple way (Plastic surgery with local tissues), the second group includes patients with plastic surgery with a mesh endoprosthesis and the third one includes patients with plastic surgery in a new way. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed method of pelvic floor and perineal wound plastic surgery after extralevatory abdominal-perineal extirpation of the rectum. It is easily reproducible and provides high-quality closure of the deep and skin defect of the perineal wound. In addition, the new method will reduce the frequency of postoperative complications when compared with the use of conventional methods of closing the defect of the perineum, the method improves the quality of life and provides early rehabilitation of patients. Study status- patients are being recruited. Number of patients selected is 150 patients. The primary endpoint of the study is the assessment of the early postoperative period and the frequency of postoperative complications (Flap necrosis; Suppuration; Hematoma; Bleeding; Seroma) within 30 days from the date of surgery. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee Protocol No. 112 of 12th November, 2022. It is planned to recruit patients within 2 years and monitor each of them for 30 days after surgery to assess the primary endpoint and to monitor patients within 1 year to assess the secondary endpoint. The secondary endpoint means an assessment of the frequency of late postoperative complications (perineal fistula, abscess, hernia) and an assessment of the quality of life within 1 year after surgery. It is planned to complete the study in 2025. Eventually it is planned to publish the protocol of the study, the results obtained after the recruitment of the required number of patients as well as the results of evaluation of the primary endpoint.

The goal of this interventional pilot trial is to confirm that Maastro endoluminal HDR ( High Dose Radiation) contact brachytherapy boosting is feasible and may increase the chance of functional organ sparing of the rectum in patients with rectal cancer. Participants will be treated with chemoradiotherapy and an endoluminal boost with the Maastro applicator.

In the present study, the investigators will evaluate the efficacy, toxicities, and of online adaptive radiation therapy (ART) for patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.