Active clinical trials for "Neurobehavioral Manifestations"

The purpose of the study is to describe the association/correlation between change in patient-reported cognitive symptoms and work productivity in gainfully employed patients receiving vortioxetine for a Major Depressive Episode (MDE).

The study will be conducted over 18 months. The main objective of this study is to explore the relationships between autobiographical memory and specific cognitive measures, as well as emotional and behavioural measures in patients who have suffered a moderate to severe TBI. Secondary objectives are to assess the psychometric properties of a self-defining memories questionnaire and to characterize autobiographical memory in the TBI population.

The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate, by means of a specific cognitive test battery (Brief Repeatable Battery and Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System scale), the slowing/reduction of cognitive dysfunction progression in RRMS patients after 18 months of treatment with fingolimod in comparison with interferon beta 1b treatment, and to evaluate which test of the battery is the most sensitive in detecting differences between treatment groups.

Many people with depression are treated with a serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitor anti-depressant (SSRI) and feel 'better'. Although many people feel 'better', they do not feel completely 'well'. Often, individuals continue to complain of cognitive problems such as lack of attention, diminished motivation, and impaired problem-solving. This study looks at whether residual and cognitive symptoms of depression in individuals are affected by the addition of Wellbutrin (bupropion).

Major surgery in the elderly and frail patient is a challenge. Optimal perioperative management is essential for outcome and survival. There is a need for improved multidisciplinary approach to improve postoperative outcome in this patient population at high risk for postoperative morbidity and mortality. Here the investigators will evaluate the implementation of a multimodal prehabilitation program including optimization of nutrition (protein and carbohydrate loading), optimization of preoperative hydration and the use of regional anesthesia during cystectomy and urinary diversion in a series old frail patients and compared/matched them to a historical series of similar patients in terms of early return of quality of life using the Convalescence and Recovery Evaluation (CARE) instrument, cognition, and postoperative morbidity. The importance of patient-reported health status is well recognized and is a facet of healthcare quality. In addition it is a valuable means for quantitatively measuring the implication of technology adoption for the patient, who typically judges the efficacy of a surgical procedure by whether it improves quality of life. The objective of this study is to evaluate the implementation of a multimodal prehabilitation program in a series old frail patients and compared them to a historical series of similar frail patients in terms of early return of quality of life, cognition, and postoperative morbidity. The importance of patient-reported health status is well recognized and is a facet of healthcare quality. In addition it is a valuable means for quantitatively measuring the implication of technology adoption for the patient, who typically judges the efficacy of a surgical procedure by whether it improves quality of life.

Background: Adolescence is an important period for brain development as a result of increased synaptic plasticity. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are essential nutrients for brain development and protection against oxidative stress. Walnuts have the highest n-3 PUFA concentrations of all edible plants. Objective: The investigators hypothesize that walnut intake will increase n-3 PUFA availability in the body to a level that enhances the development of the brain during adolescence. The technicians will conduct a long-term (6 months) population-based randomized controlled trial in teenagers (n=400 in each arm), and determine the effectiveness of the intervention (30 g of walnut kernels per day, ~1.5g of n-3 PUFA) in enhancing brain development. Methods: Fieldwork team will contact teenagers and families in collaboration with 20 high schools. Families will receive a basic guide on following a healthy diet in order to ensure implementation and adherence. Brain development outcomes will be measured at baseline and after the intervention. The use of computerized neuropsychological tests will provide the precision required to detect even subtle changes in brain development resulting from the nutritional intervention. Behavioral (socio-emotional) development will be assessed in order to cover a wider picture of brain development. Blood samples will be collected to measure n-3 PUFA levels before and after the intervention in a randomized subsample from both groups (control/ intervention). Linear regression models adjusted for baseline neuropsychological scores will be used to analyze the intervention effect. Implications: The outcomes of this Project are expected to be a greater understanding of the role of n-3 PUFA intake (walnut) in brain development. A major goal in public health research is to develop cost-effective health recommendations to teenagers.

The objective is to investigate residual effects of heavy drinking, with or without hangover symptoms. The primary aim is to test several hypotheses about residual effects of heavy drinking. Hypotheses about how heavy drinking affects next-day performance include direct physiological effects of alcohol, alcohol withdrawal effects, and non-ethanol effects, such as congeners, or family history of alcohol problems. The investigators will test the following hypotheses: relative to placebo, heavy drinking will degrade next-day performance, and this relationship will be mediated in full or in part by quality of sleep; a high congener alcoholic beverage will affect performance to a greater degree than a low congener beverage and this relationship will be mediated by severity of hangover symptoms.

The primary goal of the study is to assess the residual effects of heavy drinking on academic performance. The investigators will also explore whether these effects differ by family history of alcohol abuse and hangover symptoms, as well as compare males and females with respect to these effects. The primary hypothesis is that intoxication (0.10 g% blood alcohol concentration [BAC]) with an alcoholic beverage impairs next-day academic performance, as measured by scores on quizzes, standardized academic achievement tests, and standardized neurobehavioral assessments. The secondary hypothesis is that family-history-positive individuals will show a greater performance decrement the day after heavy drinking than family-history-negative individuals.

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS) has been used to improve cognitive functions in healthy young adults. Purpose: To investigate the effect of TDCS application on different cortex regions on cognitive function. Methods: Sixty individuals aged 18-30 were included in the study. The participants were randomly divided into the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Left DLPFC Group)(n=20), the right posterior parietal cortex (Right PPC Group)(n=20), and the sham group (Sham Group)(n=20). tDCS was applied for 20 minutes on weekdays for 2 weeks. The participants were evaluated in terms of cognitive functions with Neuropsychometric Test Battery before and after treatment.

Iron is essential for brain development and there is a well established association between iron deficiency in infants and poor neurological development. In Sweden, about 5% of newborns have low birth weight (< 2500 g). Due to small iron stores at birth and rapid postnatal growth, they have increased risk of iron deficiency and it is therefore important to prevent iron deficiency in this population. However, excessive iron supplementation can have adverse effects in infants such as growth impairment. In a randomized, controlled trial, we are investigating the effects of 0, 1 or 2 mg/kg/d of iron on brain myelination, cognitive development and growth in low birth weight infants.