Active clinical trials for "Neurobehavioral Manifestations"

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the health related benefits of a superfoods nutrition supplement on health related quality of life.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is often thought of as affecting movement only. In fact, most patients also experience psychiatric and cognitive symptoms, sometimes from the disease itself, and sometimes as a side-effect of PD medications. The goals of this study are to evaluate the causes, effects, and clinical correlates of psychiatric and cognitive symptoms in PD.

Background Delirium, is a clinical condition characterized by acute and fluctuating deterioration of the cognitive state, generally secondary to an acute pathology. It is a common condition in hospitalized older adults and it develops in 20-30% of patients hospitalized in a general ward and up to 80% of those hospitalized in critical care units. Delirium is associated with negative outcomes in older adults, such as longer hospitalizations, higher mortality, and short and medium-term institutionalization. Randomized clinical trials have shown that delirium is preventable through non-pharmacological prevention measures, decreasing its incidence by 30 to 50%. These interventions include promoting physical activity, facilitating the use of glasses and hearing aids, cognitive stimulation, and providing frequent reorientation of time and space, among others. These measures are currently seldom applied in hospitals in Chile and around the world for various reasons some of which include the heavy workload of clinical staff, the lack of trained personnel, and, in general, the absence of systematic implementation processes. The main objective is to evaluate whether cognitive stimulation guided by PREVEDEL software prevents delirium status(full/subsyncromal delirium) in hospitalized older adults. Method/Design: randomized controlled trial, parallel groups, multicenter. Participants: patients 65 years or older who have been hospitalized for less than 48 hours in the general ward or in the intermediate care unit of 4 hospitals in Santiago, Chile. Intervention: participants in the intervention group will use a tablet with cognitive stimulation software for delirium prevention for 5 continuous days versus the control group who will use the tablet without the software. Evaluations: The incidence of delirium and subsyndromal delirium, duration, density of delirium, cognitive and functional status at discharge, adherence to prevention measures, as well as demographic variables of interest will be evaluated.

Control processes are classes of brain activity that initiate, coordinate, synchronize, and regulate elemental cognitive functions for the conduct of goal-directed behavior. The proposed research investigates whether exposure to a computer-based training protocol designed to enhance cognitive control processes will improve cognitive performance in healthy older adults.

This observational cohort study in healthy volunteers establishes normative data for the German version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and investigates the possible impacts of demographics on the MoCA total score.

This observational study will investigate whether differences in birth events and oxygen levels during the newborn period affects the brain activity of children during the middle childhood years.

Carotid artery plaques are known to cause stroke. Cognitive impairment is an insidious but poorly understood problem in patients with carotid plaques. Cognitive function describes how people perform mental processes such as thinking, learning and problem solving. Asymptomatic carotid plaques may affect 1 million Veterans who may be at risk for cognitive impairment. In this study, the investigators will uncover the extent of cognitive impairment in Veterans with carotid stenosis who are currently labeled "asymptomatic". Programs to prevent or mitigate cognitive impairment will depend on identifying the mechanisms by which this occurs. The investigators will use sophisticated 3D imaging techniques developed by the group to measure the structure and composition of plaques, number of particles breaking off from them, blood levels of chemicals that could disrupt them, and blood flow restriction to the brain from them. This will help identify patients at risk for cognitive impairment who may benefit from preventative measures and improve selection of patients to decrease unnecessary surgical procedures.

This phase Ib study aims to evaluate applicability of touchscreen-based cognitive test battery for assessment of ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like cognitive deficits in healthy volunteers. Additionally, the study aims to assess whether ketamine-induced cognitive deficits are reversed by modafinil using touchscreen-based test battery for testing of cognition.

Background: People who have had a traumatic brain injury (TBI) often experience fatigue. Fatigue is the feeling tired all the time. Researchers want to learn more about how TBI and fatigue are related. Objective: To better understand fatigue after TBI in active duty military and veterans. Eligibility: Active duty service members or veterans ages 25-40 who have sustained at least 1 TBI more than 6 months but less than 5 years ago Design: Participants will be screened with: Medical history Physical exam Blood and urine tests Participants will have Visit 1 the same day as screening. This will include questionnaires and interviews. These will be about their fatigue, quality of life, and health. Participants will wear an activity monitor on their wrist and complete a sleep diary for 7 days at home. Participants will have Visit 2: They will stay in the clinic for 2 nights. The visit will include: Tests of memory, attention, and thinking Placement of intravenous (IV) line: A needle will guide a thin plastic tube into the participant s arm vein. 2 overnight sleeps tests: Participants brain waves will be recorded while they sleep. Small electrodes will be placed on the scalp. Monitors will be placed on the skin. These will measure breathing, heart rate, and movement. Blood will be drawn overnight through the IV line. Optional hydrocortisone stimulation test: Participants will receive the hormone through the IV line. Blood will be drawn through the IV line 5 times over 1 hour. Optional MRI: Participants will lie in a machine. This machine is a metal cylinder that takes pictures of the brain.

Objectives: To identify peripheral neuroinflammatory markers in patients suffering from major depression or psoriasis in relation to affective symptoms (anxiety, depression, irritability), fatigue and cognitive symptoms; and their change after specific treatments. Methodology: Observational prospective cohort study in patients diagnosed with major depression and patients with plaque psoriasis, who naturalistically undergo different treatments (systemic or biological for psoriasis, antidepressants for depression). Forty-one patients with major depression attending psychiatric consultations and 82 patients with psoriasis attending dermatology consultations at Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol aged 18 to 65 years old will be selected for inclusion. All of them will be assessed at baseline and after 4 months treatment through a series of demographic and clinical variables, psychiatric diagnosis, psychopathological scales and immunological and biochemical variables after blood draw for obtaining serum, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and extraction of total RNA. Investigators will analyze the correlation between immunological markers and affective and cognitive symptoms at baseline, as well as their variation after treatment. Subsequently, a bivariate comparative analysis will be carried out, where statistically significant or marginally significant variables associated with psychopathological variables will be used to construct a multivariate model of binary logistic regression.