Active clinical trials for "Neuroblastoma"

I-123-MIBG is used to image patients with neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma and other neural crest tumors

The purpose of this study is to gain knowledge about how to best diagnose and treat tumors, how tumors affect normal tissue and how treatment of tumors with radiation therapy and chemotherapy affect tumors.

Currently there is no known effective treatment for patients with advanced stage neuroblastoma who have relapsed or not responded to standard therapy. There is also no known effective treatment for patients with pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma who are less than 12 years of age. In previous studies that used 131I-MIBG as a potential anti-cancer therapy, a decrease in the size of tumors was seen in some of the children and adults. This research study will continue to evaluate the side effects of 131I-MIBG +/- Vorinostat when treating children and adults with neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma, or paraganglioma. The 131I-MIBG compound is intended to work by selectively delivering the radioactive iodine to the tumor cells, which is then intended to result in their destruction. The purpose of this research study is to: Make 131I-MIBG therapy available to patients with advanced neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma, or paraganglioma Further assess the side effects of 131I-MIBG therapy

This is a compassionate use protocol to allow patients with advanced neuroblastoma palliative access to 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG).

Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is a substance that is taken up by neuroblastoma cells. MIBG is combined with radioactive iodine (131 I) in the laboratory to form a radioactive compound 131 I-MIBG. This radioactive compound delivers radiation specifically to the cancer cells and causes them to die. The purpose of this research protocol provides a mechanism to deliver MIBG therapy when clinically indicated, but also to provide a mechanism to continue to collect efficacy and toxicity data that will be provided. A recent New Approaches to Neuroblastoma Therapy (NANT) phase 2 randomized trial of 131I-MIBG with or without radiation sensitizers for relapsed refractory or persistent neuroblastoma enrolled 114 patients ages 1-30 years showed that Arm A (MIBG alone) had a response rate of 17%, Arm B (MIBG with Vincristine and Irnotecan) had a response rate of 14% and Arm C (MIBG with vorinostat) had a response rate of 32% after the first cycle. After the second cycle, Arm A had a response rate of 33%, Arm B had 30% response rate and Arm C had a 75% response rate. There was an excess of toxicities in Arm B, and no significant SAEs in Arm C. These data were reported at the American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting in June of 2020. Vorinostat has been used extensively in adults and has been granted US FDA approval for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. The approved adult dose is 400 mg orally once daily. Vorinostat is not FDA approved for use in neuroblastoma.

This research trial studies is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in blood samples from patients with neuroblastoma. Studying samples of blood from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in DNA and identify biomarkers related to cancer. It may also help doctors predict how patients will respond to treatment.

You may have a type of cancer associated with "antineuronal antibodies" in your blood. Antibodies are substances made by the immune system. They are used by the body to fight infections and other diseases. Antineuronal antibodies are antibodies that react with nerve cells but they also react with some tumors. We believe that the immune system makes these antibodies to fight the cancer. In some patients with these antibodies, the tumor is smaller than in patients who have no antibodies. Sometimes, with a very strong antibody test, patients may develop neurologic problems such as weakness, numbness or memory loss. One purpose of this study is to determine if a patient with cancer and a positive antineuronal antibody blood test has a smaller tumor and responds better to treatment than a patient with cancer and a negative test. Another purpose of this study is to determine whether patients with a positive antibody test develop neurologic problems such as weakness, numbness or memory loss. We will measure your blood for several different kinds of antibodies in addition to antineuronal antibodies to determine if the presence of antibodies predicts "prognosis", i.e. smaller tumor and better response to treatment, or predicts the development of neurologic problems. No tissue samples are required for this study. However, if tissue or sputum is obtained by your oncologist for diagnostic purposes, we will ask your doctors or the pathology department to provide us with samples of these specimens. This will not involve any additional surgery or discomfort to you.

This laboratory study is looking at genes in participants with neuroblastoma or noncancerous conditions. Identifying genes related to cancer may help in the study of cancer. It may also help doctors predict who is at risk of developing neuroblastoma.

This is an Expanded Access Program (EAP) that will give the participants access to the drug naxitamab before it is approved by the FDA. Naxitamab will be combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Participants in this study will have high-risk neuroblastoma that either went away completely after treatment (complete remission) or has come back (relapsed/refractory). Researchers think the combination of naxitamab and GM-CSF will be effective because naxitamab and GM-CSF strengthen the immune system's response to cancer cells in different ways. Naxitamab is an antibody, like the proteins made by the immune system to protect the body from harm. Naxitamab helps the cells of the immune system to find and attack cancer cells. GM-CSF is a protein that strengthens the immune system by increasing the number of immune cells called granulocytes. Granulocytes are white blood cells that fight off cancer cells. The combination of naxitamab and GM-CSF is a type of immunotherapy.

Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are a group of neoplasms generally arising from the gastroenteropancreatic tract. They are usually slow growing, have low malignant potential, and often go unnoticed until they become metastatic. The correct treatment approach is dependent on the extent of the disease, however surgical approaches and systemic therapy can be curative. Combined positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using the radiotracer 18F-6-L-fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine (18F-FDOPA) has been shown to be a promising non-invasive technique to help localizing NETs and guide their treatment.