Active clinical trials for "Neurodegenerative Diseases"

The diagnosis of neurodegenerative conditions and ADHD still mostly relies on clinical symptoms as there are no validated, inexpensive, and simple bio- markers available yet. The purpose of this study is to deliver a proof-of-concept for novel biomarkers to identify neurodegenerative conditions and ADHD based on breath testing. Alveolar breath will be collected from healthy volunteers, patients with extrapyramidal conditions, patients diagnosed with dementia and from ADHD subjects. The discriminative power of a tailor-made Nanoscale Artificial Nose (™NA-NOSE) containing an array of six nanomaterial-based sensors will be tested. Discriminant factor analysis will be applied to the NA-NOSE signals in order to detect statistically significant differences between the sub-populations, and classification success will be estimated using leave-one-out cross-validation. The identification of NA-NOSE patterns will be supported by analyzing the chemical composition of the breath using gas-chromatography in conjunction with mass-spectrometry (GC-MS).

This protocol seeks to assist biorepositories/biobanks in distributing their stored specimens and data to researchers that will actually utilize them to advance medicine and technology.

The general purpose of this observational study is to examine biomarkers associated with the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases to potentially develop novel therapeutic approaches.

Since 2012, NGS sequencing of long fragments or long reads has developed in various fields of research and today presents itself as a very promising alternative solution in the analysis of repeat amplifications. The Oxford Nanopore NGS automaton offers the prospect of bringing together 1st and 2nd line analyzes of all loci potentially indicated in neurogenetics at the same time. The project aims to compare the use of this new technology with methods currently used in reference laboratories. The main objective is to evaluate the ability of next-generation high-throughput Oxford Nanopore-type sequencing (NEURONGS3) to diagnose 9 neurogenetic diseases compared to reference protocols via PCR (+/- Southern blot). The secondary objective is to evaluate the repeatability of the NGS (intra-sample reproducibility) analysis in the diagnosis of 8 neurogenetic diseases.

To discover the microstructure, macrostructure and functional changes with 7T multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging of Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease, and to explore new biomarkers for evaluating the severity and the progression of Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease.

Patients with different types of dementia will be recruited and evaluated in national hospital departments for their usual neurological follow-ups. A blood sample will be proposed in the field of this research project, and the biological material will be stored at the DNA and Cell Bank of Institut de Fédératif Recherche (IFR) of Neurosciences (Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris). The clinical research network is already set up for Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementias, which permits an evaluation according to a clinical standardized protocol. Among these disorders, a monogenic sub-group has been identified. In Alzheimer's disease, it is associated with the APP, PSEN1 and PSEN2 genes, which account only for 75% of the familial forms with early onset. In frontotemporal dementias, the tau gene mutations account only for 10% of the cases with an autosomal dominant inheritance. The identification of familial forms with a genetic inquiry in the relatives is essential for a greater knowledge of the molecular bases of forms not caused by the known genes, using linkage approaches and candidate gene analysis. The familial forms are also useful for identifying the modifier genes. In the multifactorial forms, the aim is to assemble a wide cohort of patients and controls matched for localizing and identifying susceptibility genetic factors. The strategies will use a candidate gene approach, and in the near future, studies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spread out in the whole genome. Meanwhile, similar approaches, particularly with candidate genes, could be used for identifying predictive factors of tolerance and response to the treatment. Finally, correlations will be performed with seric markers according to each kind of dementia. Specialized clinical teams in diagnosis and follow-up in dementias are assembled for this project, and in the study of neurological disorders of genetic origin.

To establish if there are venous obstructions in patients with neurodegenerative disorders