Active clinical trials for "Neurofibroma, Plexiform"

Background: Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 are at increased risk of developing tumors called plexiform neurofibromas (PN) that arise from nerves. These tumors are usually non-cancerous, but they can cause serious medical problems. Sorafenib was recently approved to treat patients with kidney cancer and is now being tested in children with cancer. It affects several pathways thought to be important for the development and growth of PN and may therefore shrink these tumors or slow their growth. Objectives: To determine the highest dose of sorafenib that can safely be given to children and young adults with PN. To identify the side effects of sorafenib in these patients. To study how the body handles sorafenib by measuring the amount of drug in the bloodstream over time To determine how the drug affects blood flow and blood cells and proteins. To determine if sorafenib can shrink or slow the growth of PN. To determine the effects of sorafenib on learning, attention, memory, and quality of life. Eligibility: Patients between 3 and 18 years of age with NF1 who have inoperable PN that can cause significant disability. Design: Patients take sorafenib tablets twice a day in 28-day treatment cycles. They may continue treatment until their tumor grows or they develop unacceptable drug side effects. In this dose escalation study, the dosage is increased with every 3 to 6 children who are enrolled until the highest safe dose is determined. In any case, the dose will not exceed that used in children with cancer. Patients are monitored regularly with physical examinations, blood and urine tests, MRI scans and quality-of-life questionnaires. Patients whose bones are still growing have periodic x-rays of the hips and lower legs to monitor for possible changes in the structure of growing bones. Patients have periodic tests of learning and memory before starting treatment and before cycles 4, 12, 18 and 24. Patients have pharmacokinetic studies to examine how the body handles sorafenib. blood samples are drawn before the first dose of sorafenib and then at 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 5 hours, 8 hours, 10 to 12 hours, 24 hours and 30 to 36 hours following the first dose. ...

This was a 4-part (Part A, Part B, Part C and Part D), Phase I/IIa, multi-center, open label, study in pediatric subjects with refractory or recurrent tumors. Part A was a repeat dose, dose escalation and expansion phase that identified the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of trametinib monotherapy. Part B evaluated the preliminary activity of trametinib monotherapy in 4 disease-specific cohorts of subjects. Part C was aimed to determine the safety, tolerability and preliminary activity of the RP2D of trametinib in combination with a limited dose escalation of dabrafenib. Part D evaluated the preliminary activity of trametinib in combination with dabrafenib in 2 disease-specific cohorts of subjects. The overall goal of this trial was to efficiently establish safe, pharmacologically relevant dose of trametinib monotherapy and trametinib in combination with dabrafenib in infants, children and adolescents and determine preliminary activity of trametinib monotherapy and trametinib in combination with dabrafenib in selected recurrent, refractory or unresectable childhood tumors.

Treatment Overview This phase II study will evaluate the activity of sirolimus in children and adults with NF1 and inoperable plexiform neurofibromas that have the potential to cause significant morbidity. The following disease strata will be studied: Stratum 1: Progressive plexiform neurofibroma(s) that have the potential to cause significant morbidity. The endpoint will be time to tumor progression based on volumetric tumor measurements. Stratum 2: Plexiform neurofibromas without documented radiographic progression at trial entry. The endpoint will be radiographic response. As of May 2009, Stratum 2 was closed to enrollment. Stratum 1 is active.

This study is for slow growing tumors called plexiform neurofibromas (PNF) which are a relatively common problem in people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). These tumors are benign but as they grow, they can become disfiguring as well as disabling or even life threatening. They often cause pain, difficulty using arms or legs because of spinal cord compression, and/or nerve damage. At present, the only available therapy for plexiform neurofibromas is to try to surgically remove as much of the tumor as is possible. Because these tumors grow into the surrounding areas, total surgical resection is often impossible. Most tumors will re-grow after surgery if the entire tumor cannot be removed. To date, other treatments including chemotherapy and radiotherapy have not been able to shrink these tumors. Interferon is a drug that is used for different types of tumors as well as for hepatitis. It has been used in the treatment of plexiform neurofibromas (PNF) with some subjects showing improvement in symptoms and/or a decrease in the size of the tumor. Most subjects had no further growth of their tumor while on the PEG-Intron. The drug used in this study is PEG (pegylated)-Intron. PEG-Intron is a long acting form of interferon which keeps the drug from being broken down in the body for a longer period of time and potentially could be more effective than the short-acting interferon. PEG-Intron has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of Hepatitis C. The goals of this study are: To determine how your child's plexiform neurofibroma responds to PEG-Intron when given weekly. To determine the side effects of PEG-Intron when given weekly to participants with plexiform neurofibromas. To evaluate a new method of measuring changes in the size of tumors called volume analysis. This method measures the entire volume of a tumor in three dimensions. The standard method of measuring tumors uses only the length and/or width of the tumor. By studying the different ways of measuring tumors the investigators hope to be able to determine which method is the most accurate and useful.

This study will evaluate bioavailability and food effect of selumetinib (AZD6244) in healthy male participants. A total of 24 healthy male participants will be included to ensure at least 20 evaluable participants. The study is divided in 2 study parts; the same participants will participate in both parts of the study. Part 1 of the study is to investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of the selumetinib granule compared to the PK of selumetinib capsule, when administered with water under the fasted conditions. Part 2 of the study is to investigate the PK of selumetinib granule and capsule under fed conditions. Participants will also receive a single 500 mg dose of acetaminophen at the same time as selumetinib administration.

Background: Patients with the genetic disorder neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) are at increased risk of developing tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system. These include plexiform neurofibromas. The conventional treatment of these internal plexiform neurofibromas is surgery. This surgery can be possible on a single and limited tumor. On the other hand these tumors are often surgically intractable due to their multiplicity and their infiltrating characteristics Increased activity of mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) protein is seen in neurofibromas. mTOR inhibitor rapamycin , or its derivatives such as everolimus may slow or stop tumor growth in patients with NF1. Objectives: Primary objectives To determine whether everolimus has an effect on the volume of surgically intractable and life-threatening internal plexiform neurofibromas in patients with neurofibromatosis 1. Secondary objectives To determine whether everolimus has an effect on the number and the volume of cutaneous neurofibromas; to determine whether everolimus modify the signaling pathways in cutaneous neurofibromas. Eligibility: - Adults with neurofibromatosis type 1 with at least one internal plexiform neurofibroma, life-threatening or causing significant morbidity through compression of organs. This or these internal plexiform neurofibroma(s) should be intractable by surgery. Design: An open-label, single arm, non-randomized, single stage phase IIa study. Baseline phase: Baseline evaluations will be performed within 2 weeks, and up to a maximum of 4 weeks for specific exams, before the first dose of study drug. Treatment phase/duration of treatment: All patients will be treated with RAD001 10 mg p.o daily dose for one year except in case of unacceptable toxicity, death, or discontinuation from the study for any other reason. Follow-up phase: All patients will have two follow-up visits scheduled at 18 and 24 months after the first dose of the study drug to follow for adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs) that may have occurred after discontinuation from the study and for internal plexiform neurofibromas assessment. Radiological review: All Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRIs) obtained at baseline, during the treatment period and the follow-up period will be reviewed by the Neuroradiologist of the study.

The purpose of this Pilot Study is to determine if NF1 patients with plexiform neurofibromas treated with Tasgina® respond to therapy.

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining methotrexate with vinblastine may be effective treatment for neurofibromatosis type 1 associated with progressive plexiform neurofibromas. PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy in treating patients who have neurofibromatosis type 1 associated with progressive plexiform neurofibromas.

RATIONALE: Chemoprevention therapy is the use of certain drugs to try to prevent the development or recurrence of cancer. Pirfenidone may slow the growth or prevent further development of plexiform neurofibromas. PURPOSE: Phase I trial to study the effectiveness of pirfenidone in treating young patients who have neurofibromatosis type 1 and plexiform neurofibroma.

This is a phase II, multicenter, randomised, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled study assessing the efficacy and safety of the MEKi selumetinib compared with placebo in Chinese paediatric participants with post-operative NF1-associated PNs.