Active clinical trials for "Tobacco Use Disorder"

The purpose of the study was to determine how the treatments for cigarette craving work. Hypothesis: During exposure to cigarette-related cues, heavy smokers will have greater reductions in regional brain activation from before to after both forms of active treatments than from before to after placebo.

Regular aspirin use has been associated with a reduction in the development of a number of different malignancies including lung cancer. The mechanism of aspirin's cancer prevention is not known. This study will evaluate whether once daily aspirin use can reduce the production of a protein named prostaglandin E2 (PGE-2), which is known to promote cancer. Specifically, this study will evaluate if aspirin can inhibit the production of PGE-2 by blocking an enzyme named cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2). To accomplish these goals, participants will take either aspirin 325 mg daily, celecoxib 200 mg twice daily, or the combination of both during various days of this 16-day study. Urine be collected to evaluate for PGE-2 production at 4 timepoints in this 16-day study.

This study is evaluating the efficacy of Treatment A for short-term smoking cessation through a blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT) vs.Treatment B.

The primary aim of this study is to conduct a 60-patient feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy study of mSMART (Mobile App based Personalized Solutions and Tools for Medication Adherence of Rx Pill), a smartphone application ("app") for improving medication adherence among substance users. The investigators will compare 2 groups of cigarette smokers undergoing a quit attempt with varenicline (Chantix): a) an experimental group using the mSMART app on their smartphone and a MEMS Cap (Medication Event Monitoring System, a smart pillbox that will a record a date and time-stamped medication event whenever pill box is opened and closed, and thus allow for primary measurement of medication adherence) and b) a control group using the MEMS Cap and mobile web-based surveys on their smartphone.

This is an observational, crossover study that will be examine use behaviors, chemical exposures, and biological effects of SREC compared to TC use in subjects confined to a research ward setting.

This study will examine the effects of electronic cigarette e-liquid nicotine content in a randomized, crossover clinical and behavioral pharmacology study of experienced adult e-cigarette users (N=36). The specific aim is to determine the impact of nicotine content of e-liquid on nicotine pharmacology, systemic exposure to toxic volatile organic compounds, and short-term cardiovascular effects.

OBJECTIVES: The current protocol seeks to develop brain-based intermediate phenotypes of response to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in chronic substance use disorder (SUD). To date the field has relied on subjective reports, behavioral performance, and long-term clinical outcomes as primary measures of TMS efficacy. While certainly ecologically valid, these observable behaviors lack the sensitivity necessary to fully quantify the effects (or lack thereof) across both individual participants and TMS intervention protocols. This proposed within-subjects design seeks to leverage differences in metaplasticity that is, the context in which stimulation occurs-by studying the response to stimulation in both sated and abstinent states. It is predicted these state manipulations will potentiate response to TMS. When a disruptive allostatic load like chronic nicotine exposure or acute abstinence is placed on the brain, the underlying network becomes less stable and thus more susceptible to TMS intervention. For SUD in general and tobacco use disorder (TUD) in particular, this state dependence of TMS response is a potentially valuable tool to improve a given intervention s clinical efficacy. STUDY POPULATION: Physically and psychiatrically healthy smokers will be recruited. A comparison group of non-smokers will be concurrently enrolled. We estimate we will require n=51/group of completers to have sufficient power to develop the intermediate phenotypes of TMS. DESIGN: The protocol is a two group, between/within subject, fully counterbalanced design. The between-subjects factor is GROUP (smoker/non-smoker) and the within-subjects factor for each GROUP is TMS CONDITION (active/sham). Additionally, and for the smoker group, nicotine STATE (sated/abstinent) is a nested within-subjects factor. Each group will receive single sessions of active and sham intermittent theta burst stimulation to left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex, followed immediately by an MRI scan to characterize the acute neurobiological response to stimulation. Smokers will repeat these procedures both during smoking satiety and following an ~48-hour period nicotine abstinence. OUTCOMES PARAMETERS: In addition to subjective and behavioral task performance changes associated with TMS intervention, changes in MRI BOLD signal will be used to characterize the neurobiological response to TMS intervention across groups and states. Taken together, the development of brain-based markers of TMS response may thus improve both our mechanistic understanding of the causal dysfunctions of TUD as well as the potential efficacy of these interventions longer term to address the relevant clinical characteristics of the disease and ultimately improve treatment outcomes.

Nicotine is the most common drug of abuse in the United States, and has addiction strength comparable to cocaine, heroin, and alcohol. It is the primary addictive component of tobacco, and its use markedly increases risk for cancer, heart disease, asthma, miscarriage, and infant mortality. Addiction is thought to be caused primarily by the intersection of two components: 1) the impact of drug pharmacokinetics on the dynamics of dopamine response, and 2) dysregulation of the brain's reward circuit. While the term 'dysregulated' tends to be used qualitatively within the neuroscience literature, regulation has a precise and testable meaning in control systems engineering, which has yet to be addressed in a quantitative manner by current neuroimaging methods or models of addiction. Current approaches to neuroimaging have primarily focused on identifying nodes and causal connections within the meso-circuit of interest, but have yet to take the next step in treating these nodes and connection as a self-interacting dynamical system evolving over time. Such an approach is critical for improving our understanding, and therefore prediction, of trajectories for addiction as well as recovery.

The purpose of this formative study is to provide preliminary data regarding how the availability of menthol flavored e-cigarettes affects tobacco use behavior in the context of a ban on menthol flavored cigarettes

The purpose of this research is to study a smoking cessation program for adult smokers in Northeast Ohio. The study will also look at how different people respond to the program.