Active clinical trials for "Noncommunicable Diseases"

To test the applicability of the Clavien-Dindo Classification (CDC) in an LMIC setting and to compare the prevalence and severity of complications in patients <60 and ≥60 years of age a retrospective medical records review is used.

Study Hypotheses: Anaemia, which is frequent before conception as well as during early pregnancy, affects metabolism and foetal growth trajectories, influencing the risk of NCDs in the offspring. Anaemia from conception till end of 2nd trimester is most detrimental for foetal and newborns' health, compared to 3rd trimester anaemia. Anaemia from conception till end of 2nd trimester affects foetal and newborns health through poor placental development reflected in increased villous branching and changed umbilical and uterine blood flow. Anaemia in early pregnancy disrupts the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A)/placental growth factor (PlGF) balance and the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis resulting in poor placental development, and poor health of newborns. This may be reflected in specific methylation patterns. Anaemia's impact on the risk for NCDs in the offspring may be mediated via epigenetic mechanisms, including changes in DNA methylation patterns.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of community health workers when added to routine care for patients with diabetes and high blood pressure in rural clinics in Chiapas, Mexico. It does so by recording information on adherence to therapy, blood pressure and hemoglobin A1c while a non-governmental organization working in Mexico trains and introduces a community health worker program.

The aim of this study is to develop and follow a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults who are starting HIV drugs at health facilities in Kenya. Blood and urine samples will be collected from all participants in order to establish a sample bank of samples in order to further the understanding of the levels of inflammatory biomarkers and coagulation biomarkers in African patients and the effect of taking HIV drugs on these biomarkers. This study will enroll and follow 685 men and women who are starting HIV drugs and collect blood and urine specimens from them at 4 study visits. These samples will be frozen and stored for future testing related to inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers.

This study focuses on mechanisms to adapt the performance of interactive voice response (IVR) and short message service (SMS) surveys conducted in low-and middle-income (LMIC) setting (Tanzania) and evaluates how the two survey modalities (IVR and SMS) affect survey metrics, including response, completion and attrition rates.

The number of elderly will increase rapidly in Europe in the next 30 years, which affects the country's economic and social development, welfare, health care, and also the individuals. Future challenges include creating opportunities for people to maintain a high well-being in later stages of life, and coping with diseases and disability. Physical exercise and avoiding obesity have the potential to increase quality of life in the elderly by preventing CVD and stroke. The proposed project is a intervention study where the overarching aim is to evaluate whether a primary prevention with the focus of decreasing obesity and increasing objective measures of physical activity will decrease the future risk of the endpoints cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, falls, fractures, dementia and death, in a population based cohort of 70-year-old women and men. Specific aims: In a population based cohort of 5000, 70-year old women and men; Investigate the association between risk factors assessed at baseline, with focus on objective measures of physical activity and body fat distribution, and the endpoints described above. To investigate whether individuals given the prevention will have a lower future risk of the endpoints described above than 70-year olds in general Swedish population, after adjustments for differences in the different covariates at baseline. In a second part, a follow up will be conducted after 5 years where all participants will be tested again. One aim is to evaluate whether the changes in the risk factors assessed at baseline, with focus of objective measures of physical activity and body fat distribution, are associated with the risk of CVD and stroke. We will also again investigate whether the intervention give will influence the future risk of non-communicable disease.

This study focuses on mechanisms to adapt the performance of interactive voice response (IVR) and computer assisted telephone interviews (CATI) surveys conducted in low-and middle-income (LMIC) setting (Bangladesh) and evaluates how the two survey modalities (IVR and CATI) affect survey metrics, including response, completion and attrition rates.

The objective of the study is to adapt and assess the feasibility, quality, and validity of short message service or 'text message' (SMS), interactive voice response (IVR), and computer assisted telephone interviews (CATI) for collecting information on noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk factors

Hong Kong is facing an increasing threat of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which is compounded by population aging. In 2016, 25,771 registered deaths (approximately 55%) were attributed to NCDs. In addition, NCDs caused 104,600 potential years of life lost before 70 years of age. WHO has identified four major behavioral risk factors - tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, an unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity - that contribute substantially to NCDs and can increase the risk of death. Most premature deaths from NCDs are preventable via lifestyle modification. Therefore, helping people adopting healthy lifestyle practices, such as having a balanced diet and engaging in irregular physical activity, and quitting health-risk behaviors, such as smoking and harmful use of alcohol can help prevent NCDs and improve the quality of life and overall health of the population. However, many people are unmotivated or find it difficult to modify their risk behaviors, despite their awareness of the associated health hazards.

This is a cross-sectional study that aims to study the prevalence of risk factors of noncommunicable diseases in people aged 18 to 69 years using the standardized and adopted STEPS questionnaire in the Republic of Kazakhstan.