Active clinical trials for "Nutrition Disorders"

This trial is conducted in Europe. The purpose of the 20-week trial is to investigate the efficacy of liraglutide to induce body weight loss and the purpose of the extension is to evaluate the long term safety and tolerability of liraglutide. Trial has the following trial periods: A 20-week randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, six-armed parallel-group, multi-centre, multinational trial with an open label orlistat comparator arm followed by an 84 week extension period.

HIV lipoatrophy is a condition marked by fat loss; it occurs in many patients taking antiretroviral (ARV) therapy that includes nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Lipoatrophy may be related to mitochondrial toxicity, a condition that can damage the heart, nerves, muscles, kidneys, and liver, and can affect the body's ability to produce energy. NucleomaxX is a food supplement consisting of a sugar cane extract high in nucleosides, which are building blocks that may counteract the negative effects of NRTIs. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is an NRTI that may cause less lipoatrophy than other drugs in its class, such as zidovudine (ZDV) or stavudine (d4T). The purpose of this study is to determine whether nucleoside supplementation with NucleomaxX and substitution of TDF for ZDV or d4T in an ARV regimen can reverse fat loss caused by mitochondrial toxicity in HIV infected adults. Study hypotheses: 1) The substitution of TDF for d4T or ZDV in patients with HIV lipoatrophy will result in an increase in mitochondrial DNA content in fat, skeletal muscle, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which in turn will lead to an improvement in mitochondrial function as assessed by electron transport chain (ETC) and oxidative phosphorylation pathway (OXPHOS) activity. The latter should lead to a decrease in fat apoptosis and in mitochondrial and lipid oxidative damage biomarkers. 2) Supplementation with uridine (via NucleomaxX) will increase mtDNA content in adipose tissue and increase body fat content.

Current nutritional diagnostic tools have serious limitations in certain groups of patients such as colon or ovarian cancer with high rates of overweight and obesity in which traditional anthropometric assessment is limited. The objective of the project is to establish a comprehensive nutritional assessment in surgical patients assessed in intensified recovery programs in Surgery at a national level, including new techniques aimed at measuring muscular and functional affection.

This study will look at the change in participants' body weight from the start to the end of the study. The weight loss in participants taking semaglutide (a new medicine) will be compared to the weight loss of participants taking "dummy" medicine. In addition to taking the medicine, participants will have talks with study staff about healthy food choices, how to be more physically active and what you can do to lose weight. Participants will either get semaglutide or "dummy" medicine - which treatment participants get, is decided by chance. Participants will need to take 1 injection once a week. The study medicine is injected with a thin needle in a skin fold in the stomach, thigh or upper arm. The study has two phases: A main phase and an extension phase.The main phase will last for about 1.5 years. Participants will have 15 clinic visits and 10 phone calls with the study doctor. Extension phase: Approximately 300 participants will continue in the extension phase in the following countries only: Canada, Germany, the UK and selected sites in the US and Japan. These participants will be in the study for about 2.5 years.They will not receive treatment, but will attend another 5 follow-up visits with the study doctor.

This study will look at the change in participant's body weight from the start to the end of the study. This is to compare the effect on body weight in people taking semaglutide (a new medicine) and people taking "dummy" medicine. In addition to taking the medicine, the participant will have talks with study staff about healthy food choices, how to be more physically active and what a participant can do to lose weight. The participant will get semaglutide for the first 20 weeks. Then the participant will get either semaglutide or "dummy" medicine - which treatment the participant gets after the 20 weeks is decided by chance. The participants will need to take 1 injection once a week. The study medicine is injected with a thin needle in a skin fold in the stomach, thigh or upper arm. The study will last for about 1.5 years.

This trial is conducted in the United States of America (USA). The aim of the trial is to investigate safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics (the exposure of the trial drug in the body) for single doses of NNC9204-0530 alone and in combination with liraglutide in overweight to obese but otherwise healthy male subjects.

This trial is conducted in Europe. The aim of the trial is to investigate the effect of semaglutide on energy intake, appetite sensations, postprandial glucose and triglyceride metabolism and gastric emptying in obese subjects compared with placebo.

Cooking for Health Optimization with Patients (CHOP) is the first known multi-site prospective cohort study with a nested Bayesian adaptive randomized trial in the preventive cardiology field of culinary medicine. It is also the first known longitudinal study to assess the impact of hands-on cooking and nutrition education on patient outcomes, with those classes taught by medical students and other future and current medical professionals who have first been trained in those classes on how to integrate diet and lifestyle counseling of patients with their respective scopes of clinical practice. CHOP is the primary research study of the world's first known medical school based teaching kitchen, The Goldring Center for Culinary Medicine at Tulane University School of Medicine. Medical trainees and professionals are followed in this study long-term to understand how the classes impact their competencies in patient counseling, attitudes about the counseling, and their own diets. Patients who consent to being randomized to these classes compared to standard of care are studied within the nested Bayesian adaptive randomized trial to understand how the classes impact their health outcomes, clinical and food costs, and the costs of health systems caring for these patient populations. CHOP is designed as a pragmatic population health trial to hopefully improve healthcare effectiveness, equity, and cost by establishing an evidence-based, scalable, sustainable model of healthcare intervention targeting the social determinants of health, while complementing the pharmacological and/or surgical management of patients.

This trial is conducted globally. The aim of this trial is to investigate effect and safety of liraglutide 3.0 mg in subjects with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with basal insulin.

Obesity and diabetes are a significant global burden and there is an immediate need for novel treatments and management strategies. Our laboratory determined that avocado derived 17 carbon polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols (PFAs) are inhibitors of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) that impart minimal toxicity in mice. FAO is altered in numerous disease states including obesity and diabetes. In these chronic diseases, excessive FAO in muscle and liver mitochondria cause metabolic overload and inefficiency which drives obesity-associated glucose intolerance and insulin insensitivity. The increased FAO that occurs in obese and diabetic individuals depletes several substrates and intermediates of the Krebs cycle, making them less efficient at using oxidative phosphorylation for energy, which can ultimately lead to glucose insensitivity and weight gain. For these reasons, inhibition of FAO is now an established therapeutic approach for the treatment of type II diabetes as reducing FAO: i) improves cellular metabolism to shift towards the more thermogenic oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, and ii) reduces hyperglycemia via inhibiting liver gluconeogenesis while improving glucose homeostasis. In collaboration with an industry partner, Advanced Orthomolecular Research (AOR; Calgary, AB), the investigators have developed a supplement containing a blend of 17-carbon PFAs found inside a commercially available food grade avocado powder. The primary objective of this clinical trial is to determine if the avocado derived supplement is safe for oral consumption compared to a placebo-controlled group.