Active clinical trials for "Malnutrition"

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the GI tolerance, palatability and compliance to a high protein energy-dense oral nutrition supplement in adult patients with or at risk of malnutrition.

To evaluate and compare the relative plasma bioavailability and therefore the bioequivalence of two different immediate release products each containing Ribavirin 400 mg, after administering a single oral dose, to healthy adult subjects under fed conditions.

HF is an advanced or terminal stage of various heart diseases, with high rehospitalization and mortality rates. In HF patients, undernutrition is not uncommon and represents one of the most significant determinants of poor clinical outcomes. Therefore, nutritional management is of paramount importance for patients with HF.The basic method of nutritional management is to effectively identify the nutritional status of patients with heart failure, especially in elderly patients with heart failure who are not easy to find in the early stage. Limited data are available regarding the association between CONUT score and prognosis in elder patients with HFpEF, despite its easy availability in routine blood chemistry. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of CONUT score and to compare it with other well-established nutritional indices in HFpEF, a common HF phenotype in the elderly population with coronary artery disease. This was a single-center retrospective cohort study which were approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of our hospital (TRECKY2021-185). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Participants were accorded with diagnostic criteria of CAD and HFpEF excluding rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, hemodialysis or hemofiltration, tumour activity, urgent surgery, death during hospitalization, HF of unknown reasons, New York Heart Association(NYHA) class1and data deficiency. Demographic characteristics and medical parameters were collected from the electronic medical record system . All enrolled patients were followed-up in an outpatients setting. The primary endpoint of this study was readmission due to heart failure and all-cause mortality in the first year after hospitalization. To explore the prognostic significance of controlling nutritional status score in elderly with ejection fraction preserved heart failure and compare controlling nutritional status score with other objective nutritional indices.All analyses were performed using Statistical Product Service Solutions(SPSS) version 19.0 .

EE is increasingly recognized as a key factor underlying malnutrition, weakened immune response and impaired cognitive development in children in developing countries. Absence of a distinct biomarker of EE in the blood, urine or stool makes it difficult to study the impact of interventions against it. Biomarkers for EE have been challenging to find, partly because of our inadequate understanding of its pathophysiology. Investigators aim to identify novel biomarkers for EE, based on our hypothesis that EE is a result of two processes: 1) repeated exposure to enteric pathogens and environmental toxins leading to gut inflammation and 2) weaning on diets high in carbohydrates but low in proteins and fat, leading to atrophy of the intestinal mucosa. This leads to gut dysfunction, including leaky gut, small bowel stasis, bacterial overgrowth, decreased immune response to infections, and frequent diarrhea. The candidate biomarkers investigators have selected for our study (CRP, GLP- 2, Claudin 3, Reg-1, plasma amino acids profile, serum cytokine profile, Neopterin and Myeloperoxidase) are markers of inflammation, hormonal dysfunction and tight junction malfunction of the small intestines. The 'gold standard test' for EE will be direct histopathologic analysis of the duodenal mucosa, which will be available in a subset of study children undergoing upper GI endoscopy. For other study subjects, clinical surrogates for EE will be used to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of biomarkers being tested. These clinical surrogates of EE include HAZ and WAZ score < 2 SD at 12 months and 15 months of age, and the worsening in HAZ and WAZ scores between 6, 9, 12 and 15 months of age. Investigators plan to study and compare duodenal biopsies from children with and without EE using cutting edge technologies including electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and mRNA sequencing. This will allow direct correlation of the biomarkers in the blood, urine and stools with the histopathologic features of the gut mucosa. The mRNA sequencing of the gut tissue will allow us to identify new evidence-based biomarkers for EE, which could be further tested in the future. This is a strong, multidisciplinary collaboration between investigators in Pakistan and the United States with expertise in complementary areas including chemokines, inflammation, gut architecture, infectious diseases, field studies, and technology development.

Hospital Food service is important for patient recovery by providing necessary aid with adequate meal consumption. Overall, hospital experience can influence patients' satisfaction for the foodservice quality. Thus, it is important to evaluate patient satisfaction with food service to meet consumers' needs in order to prevent malnutrition. The aim of the studies is to develop the Malaysian geriatric patients' hospital foodservice protocol (My GERYFS). There are 3 Phases in this research which is phase 1 is a multicentre cohort study conducted among elderly and healthcare professionals involved in Klang Valley Hospitals. Phase 2 for To develop a tailor-made hospital foodservice protocol for Malaysian geriatric patients with healthcare professional input and phase 3 is to determine the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of MY GERYFS protocol in a Malaysian hospital. Effectiveness of this study protocol can bring benefits to elderly to prevent malnutrition in the hospitals via foodservice.

Background: Inadequate nutrition has been associated with growing risk of falling and impaired ability in elderly patients. Falling is a significant threat to the health of the elderly. It is estimated that one third of people over the age of 65 experience at least one falling each year. Over 60% of the falls cause serious injury or disability. Adequate nutrition increases the muscle strength of the elderly. Therefore, determining and managing the nutrition level is important for preventing falling. As far as we know emergency medical services has never before reported being a part of prevention by performing risk identification.

A multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be performed in three hospitals. Patients meeting inclusion criteria will be randomly allocated to one of three enteral feeding formula with different protein content. Blood and urine test, nitrogen balance assessment and energy expenditure testing by indirect calorimetry will be performed at the beginning of nutrition regimen and at 24 hours, 72 hours and 5-7 days after initiation. The sample size for this trial is estimated as 90 participants, with approximately 30 participants in each group. The data analysis will be by intention to treat. This RCT will provide new data about the amount of protein needed to improve levels of serum protein and nitrogen balance, surrogate of protein balance, in critically ill infants receiving enteral nutrition.

The purpose of this study is to test Mobile Technologies in Assisting Patients & Family Caregivers in Healthy Living and complex home care by connecting to information and professionals from a distance.

The objective of this study was to compare the rate and extent of absorption of venlafaxine hydrochloride 150 mg extended-release capsules (test) versus Effexor® XR (reference) administered as 1 x 150 mg extended-release capsule under fed conditions.

a. To measure the amount of zinc absorbed from ZnBfR compared with the amount absorbed from CR and from CR fortified with added zinc, using the triple stable isotope tracer ratio technique in young children. Methods: Investigators will measure the amount of zinc absorbed from ZnBfR compared to that absorbed from a conventional Bangladeshi rice (Diet-CR) (control). They will also compare the zinc absorption from ZnBfR with that from zinc-fortified conventional rice (Diet-CR+Z). The study will be a cross-over, randomized, controlled clinical study. Forty-four children aged 36-59 mo of either sex will be recruited from the same community as mentioned before, and participants will be individually randomized, in equal numbers, to one of the two comparison groups, A and B. During an initial one-day acclimatization period, the participants will receive the conventional rice-based diet three times a day, to confirm that participants will accept the study diets and adhere to the study procedures. On study days 2 and 4, in comparison group A, participants will receive either the Diet-ZBfR or Diet-CR based on the random assignments, and participants will receive Diet-CR or Diet ZBfR, respectively, on days 3 and 5 (i.e., the diet not received on days 2 and 4), Likewise, in comparison group B, the participants will receive either Diet-ZBfR or Diet-CR+Z on days 2 and 4 based on the random assignments, and participants will receive Diet-CR+Z or the Diet-ZBfR, respectively, on days 3 and 5 (i.e., the diet not received on days 2 and 4). Investigators will use zinc stable isotope tracer techniques to measure the fractional absorption of zinc, in which tracer:tracee ratios will be measured in spot urine samples following administration of an intravenously administered tracer (68Zn) and one of two oral tracers (70Zn, 67Zn) provided with test meals over a four-day period. Outcome measures/variables: Intake of total dietary zinc (TDZ) and phytate for each subject will be calculated during the clinical study. Fractional absorption of zinc (FAZ) will be determined from the isotopic ratios obtained in urine samples using the following equation, which shows, as an example, the calculation that will be used for zinc absorption from the diet traced with 67Zn: FAZ = 67Zn tracer:tracee ratio / 68Zn tracer:tracee ratio * (68Zn dose given IV / 67Zn dose given orally) Total absorbed zinc (TAZ) for each child will be calculated as follows: TAZ (mg/d) = TDZ (mg/d) * FAZ