Active clinical trials for "Malnutrition"

This longitudinal observation study investigates associations between nutritional risk in adults aged 65+ and use of health services, morbidity and mortality. The first hypothesis is that older service users at nutritional risk will use a higher number of services/consultations and have a higher morbidity and mortality, compared to older patients not at nutritional risk. Further, the study evaluates the usefulness of the tool 'nutrition plan'. The second hypothesis is that older service users at nutritional risk who have a nutrition plan have lower subsequent morbidity and mortality, compared to older service users at nutritional risk without a nutrition plan.

Weight-for-height/length z-score is one of the indicators used to diagnose acute malnutrition. In the existing method, the assessment involves three steps and takes significant time with a wider room for errors. A new tool is developed to address these drawbacks. A preliminary testing done show encouraging results, but a more robust study is needed. This research will b done with the objective of comparing diagnostic efficiency and reliability of the 'new' method against the 'existing' one using a diagnostic randomized clinical trial method.

Introduction: Protein energy malnutrition is one of the strongest predictors of morbidity and mortality in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Many reports indicate that there is a high prevalence of malnutrition up to 40% , and has a strong association with inflammation and cardiovascular disease (CVD) as well as lower quality of life in this population. The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional modalities by means of biochemical parameters, arterial stiffness and bioimpedance analysis. Material and Methods: We designed an observational study with 56 malnourished MHD patients (mean age: 61.8±12.3 years, duration of hemodialysis: 7.9±5.1 years) . Patients were distributed into 4 groups according to patients requests for nutritional support modalities. We offered the combination of oral nutritional support (ONS) and intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN) to all patients however some of the patients refused this combination thus we had 4 groups as; Group 1 (patients received only ONS and refused parenteral nutrition; n: 14), group 2 (patients received only parenteral NS and refused ONS; n: 14), group 3 (patients received both oral and parenteral NS; n: 10) and group 4 (dietetic support group; patients who refused all types of nutritional support and only followed by counselling, n: 18) for 12 months. Biochemical parameters were assessed from monthly clinical visits. Normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR), malnutrition-inflammation score (MIS), body composition (fat mass [FM], fat-free mass (FFM) muscle mass (MM, body mass index (BMI)) by multifrequency bioimpedance analysis (BCM, Fresenius).

Severe tuberculosis (TB) leads to wasting and anorexia, increasing risk of the refeeding syndrome (RFS) as defined by current criteria. TB patients have high metabolic rates and require a high calorie diet, with nutritional supplementation programs improving outcomes. BMI inversely correlates with mortality in these patients. Risk of RFS, a life-threatening syndrome associated with initiation of feeding after a period of low intake, has not been studied in this population and it is not known whether severely malnourished TB patients benefit from lower caloric intake. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of RFS in TB inpatients in rural India and correlate this with baseline and inpatient caloric intake.

Malnutrition and muscle wasting are common consequences of life-threatening, chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Such diseases include liver cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis and short bowel syndrome. Malnutrition and muscle wasting increase the risk of complications, reduce the life expectancy and impair the quality of life. The development of malnutrition and muscle wasting is different, as is the diagnosis and nutritional treatment. There are also different mechanisms of origin for the underlying diseases. The aim of the study is to compare data related to nutrition and physical condition of patients with liver cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis and short bowel syndrome. Malnutrition and muscle wasting within the specific diseases will be characterized and possible correlations will be identified. For this, malnourished and non-malnourished patients of the different diseases are compared with controls patients with non-specific complaints of the gastrointestinal tract as well as with healthy study participants. Data on food intake, physical activity, body composition and body measurements as well as muscle strength and muscle function are recorded. Blood values as well as transport and barrier properties of the intestine will also be examined.

A cross-sectional study with 829 older Mexican adults were recruited from July to September 2015, from four localities in the southern region of México. Older adults were interviewed at their homes and a fasting blood sample was obtained for analysis of micronutrient status (iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, vitamin A deficiency and biomarkers of inflammation). The aim of the study was to identify the main causes of anemia in older adults with higher rates of anemia according to the recent data of the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey.

Proteins play an important role as structural and functional components for the human body and prevent stunting. Protein quality has a great importance in meeting the nutritional needs of populations across the world throughout the life course, particularly during pregnancy and early childhood. Dietary protein deficiency is mainly due to protein indigestibility limiting indispensable amino acids (IAAs) bioavailability. In Morocco, as it's the case in many developing countries, diet is mainly based on a large consumption of cereals, fruits, vegetables and pulses, and is generally low in meat, which is the main source of protein and IAA. The general objective of this study is to evaluate the digestibility of Fava bean proteins and bioavailability of IAA using a dual-tracer method with stable isotopes.

Undernutrition is a widely under-diagnosed public health problem, including in pediatrics department. Undernutrition prevalence in pediatrics departments is about 15 to 20%. Until now, there has been no national consensus on the criteria to be used to diagnose paediatric undernutrition. Until now, assessment focused on a range of non-consensus arguments that allowed the health care team to make its diagnosis. So, in the absence of well-defined criteria, diagnosis was based in part on experience and assesment team. Since November 2019, the French High Authority of Health (Haute Authorité de Santé - HAS) has suggested recommendations to standardize pediatric undernutrition diagnosis. The investigators offer to evaluate undernutrition prevalence differences diagnosed according to new HAS criteria compared to the previous diagnostic methodology. The investigator's secondary aim is to identify profiles of children who do match between the two diagnostics methods.

Adult patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) at the age around 40 years belong to the first patients generation with early treatment of the disease. PKU is caused by an inborn error of the amino acid metabolism and the so far best suitable therapy is an early and strict diet, which is low in phenylalanine. Besides an early and continuously treatment in childhood, the nutritional and medical support during adolescence and adulthood have been suggested to influence the long-term physical health of adult PKU patients. As many adult PKU patients tend to neglect the necessarily strict diet, they do not get a balanced diet. For PKU patients some nutrients, which may be rare in an unbalanced diet, might help to improve health status, physical and neurological performance and quality of life. Information about the longitudinal development of the patients status and the influence of the type of their medical care is not available. In this 5 year follow-up the investigators aim to study the quality of life and the medical, nutritional and psychological status of adult PKU patients, in whom corresponding information has already been collected previously.

India's poor tribal communities have far worse health and social indicators than the general population. Most tribal people live in remote forested or desert areas where illiteracy, trying physical environments, malnutrition, inadequate access to potable water, and lack of personal hygiene and sanitation make them more vulnerable to disease.The aim of Chhatralaya initiatives taken by Arsha Vidya, Jaipur was to address the exclusion of the socially and economically disadvantaged children of the tribes and to provide a fair opportunity to all.