Active clinical trials for "Malnutrition"

Sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and function) can be observed at any age and results of multiple factors (age, activity, inflammatory factors, nutritional status...). It deeply impacts the physical performance and the basal metabolism, and induces cardiovascular disorders, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. Sarcopenia appears like an independent factor decreasing the quality of life, exacerbating the toxicity of chemotherapy and increasing mortality for gastrointestinal cancer. However, few studies have demonstrated his impact on postoperative course in digestive oncology. The search for sarcopenia, complementary nutritional status, is now a source of great interest with 62 ongoing projects in the United States. The first objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of preoperative sarcopenia on 30-days morbidity and mortality of patients operated on from poor prognosis gastrointestinal cancer (liver and pancreas). The second objective is to evaluate the impact of preoperative sarcopenia on the long term outcomes (12 months) on the same patients.

Malnutrition is a comorbidity oftenly seen in COPD patients who have progressive chronic inflammation and severity. The investigators aimed to determine the impact of nutritional status and nutrition-related factors on prolonged length of stay in hospitalized patients with acute respiratory failure and COPD. Nutritional status has been defined as an individual's health condition as it is influenced by the intake and utilization of nutrients (Todhunter, 1970). Nutritional status can be defined by energy balance, body composition and body function, moreover the chronic inflammation and the physical activity have an important role. In the study is used some tools (anthropometry, Nutritional Risk Screening [NRS 2002], food intake, body composition, Fat-Free Mass Index [FFMI], diaphragm ultrasound for evaluating diaphragmatic mobility, blood tests, hand) to define nutritional status. The investigatos'll analyze prevalance of malnutrition in the sample and the correlation of malnutrition with prolonged length of stay in hospitalized patients with acute respiratory failure and COPD.

Free flap reconstruction consists in replacing tissular defect from one body part by another tissu harvested in a distant site. Microsurgery has to be performed to restore vascularization. Free flaps are now the gold standard in complex reconstruction. While reliable with a success rate superior to 95 %, a failure takes a heavy burden on the patient. Many risk factors have been highlitghted in free flap failure for head and neck microvascular reconstruction. Among them, malnutrition is still debated. This is a retrospective cohort study comparing complications occurrence between two groups. One group with normal nutritionnal status, the other with malnutrition. Between january 2008 and january 2018, 70 patients who underwent oral cavity reconstruction using free flap were included. This is the first study known to date which uses clinical and biological variables to determine the nutritionnal status. Malnutrition is not associated with a higher risk for free flap failure in the oral cavity.

The aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition among older adults admitted to hospital and to analyse predictive factors for malnutrition. Further, the aim was to analyse the association between nutritional status and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. The hypothesis is that malnourished patients have a higher mortality then well-nourished patients after three years.

Nutrition Department of University Hospital La Paz decided to implement some method of screening in our centre which allowed us to detect as many patients with malnutrition risk as possible. Due to the large size of our centre, with about 1,500 beds and the few human resources in our unit, we chose to use the CONUT system (Nutritional Control), a 100% automatic method based on analytical parameters, very easy to use, low cost and whose validity is confirmed, characteristics that fulfilled our needs. The implementation of this nutritional screening method has led to a change in the ìnutritionafi culture of our centre respect to DRM in most of our professionals: doctors and nurses and even in the management team, so all of them understand the importance of the process and know about the available tools and knowledge to indicate an adequate and early nutritional support.

This is a prospective cohort study of drug addicts confined in Zhejiang rehabilitation centers. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the association between diet and health status among drug addicts. The second aim is to characterize the continuous blood glucose response to dietary intakes over 2 weeks. The third aim is to describe the dynamic changes of gut microbiota at three time points in drug addicts during compulsory detoxification and to evaluate the association between gut microbiota, diet and addiction severity.

This non-interventional, prospective, observational study is designed to observe the use of high calorie, high protein oral nutritional supplement in malnourished or at risk of malnutrition patients after hip fracture surgery, as assessed by a clinician. Subjects will be enrolled and observed for a period of 12 weeks.

Adolescent girls in the Upper Manya Krobo (UMK) district, Ghana are disproportionately burdened by ill-health in relation to their male counterparts. Research also shows that this demographic lacks access to nutrition education and health services. This research aims to assess the feasibility and influence of an intervention that utilizes a participatory video education model on adolescent girls' nutrition knowledge, dietary habits and health behaviour. To address our research objectives, we will conduct a school-based cluster randomized control pilot trial with adolescent girls, 12-16 years of age, who are part of existing girls' clubs in 20 schools of the Upper Manya Krobo district. The intervention group (10 schools) will use a participatory video education model and the control group consists of standard-of-care education received in regular girls' club gatherings. The intervention groups develop a storyboard and produce a short 5-7 minute film on a nutritional issue. These videos can be used by teachers as a means of sharing nutrition information with students and in stimulating discussion around the nutrition topic. Baseline and end line surveys will be conducted to assess nutrition literacy indicators and nutrition behaviour. We will use surveys to assess nutritional knowledge and attitude; food frequency questionnaire to record dietary intakes; and in-depth interviews with participants and school staff to assess challenges and strengths of the nutrition education model being delivered.

As indoor athletes, competitive gymnasts and swimmers can face the problem of a potential vitamin D deficiency. In the last decades, indoor sports participants have been faced with the problem of an institutionalized lifestyle and, in some places, a lower exposure to sun, which is also associated with the geographical area with a lower or higher UV index, especially in autumn, winter, and early spring (from October to April), when the day is shorter and the clock shifts to winter time. The problem with gymnasts and swimmers lies in daily trainings in the gym and pool and in the daily rest between two trainings, which can be spend more or less institutionally. The investigators wanted to examine the vitamin D status related to bone mineral density, body composition and various cardiovascular markers among young competitive gymnasts and swimmers after winter time. The investigators want to potentially give more solid but sensible recommendations for trainers, athletes, parents and sports doctors when it comes to vitamin D supplementations for indoor female athletes.

A nutrition-focused QIP will be implemented with a primary assessment of QIP feasibility, patient health and economic outcomes as well as patient and provider experience data. A 2-phased QIP study group will be prospectively enrolled from outpatient clinics affiliated with the USC health system and compared with historical and concurrent control groups.