Active clinical trials for "Nutrition Disorders"

Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) can occur when there is a deficient supply of energy, protein and/or other nutrients, depending on the nutritional needs of each individual at different times of their life cycle or health or disease circumstances. This deficiency induces effects on body composition and tissue and organ function and results in clinical consequences: increased morbidity and mortality associated with different disease processes. There are techniques for nutritional assessment using assessment tools aimed at morphofunctional diagnosis of malnutrition, in addition to the classical nutritional parameters, such as weight loss, BMI, folds, circumferences, albumin, lymphocytes, cholesterol and intake. New advanced parameters are being incorporated into clinical nutrition and their incorporation into clinical practice is of increasing interest, such as measures derived from bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and phase angle (PhA), dynamometry, functional tests, CRP/prealbumin ratio and muscle ultrasound. In 2019, the GLIM criteria were published, providing a different vision of how to assess the malnourished patient. Phenotypic criteria include reduction in muscle mass (measured using validated techniques to measure body composition). The objective of the study is to highlight nutritional ultrasound for measuring muscle and functional status in order to make a more accurate diagnosis and a better prediction of complications and morbidity and mortality in this type of patients.

The circadian regulation in mammals have been known for a long time. A special group of clock genes, organized in feedback loops, are responsible for the circadian regulation in both the SCN and peripheral organs. The central clock is mainly entrained by the light-dark cycle, while the peripheral ones in organs such as liver and intestine, are more influenced by the feeding-fasting cycles. The coordination of central and peripheral clocks is thought to be essential in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis.This study aim to investigate the association between biological rhythm and metabolism.

Background: Intestinal microbiota composition is fundamental to human health and undergoes critical changes within the first two years of life. Factors probably influencing the microbiota are the maternal microbiota and the general environment in Switzerland. However, the development of the intestinal microbiota is incompletely understood. Gaining knowledge of the trajectory of microbiota maturation is likely key to the understanding of the pathogenesis of many pathologies in childhood. Aims: The investigators aim for a deep understanding of the maturation of the healthy infant intestinal microbiota regarding composition, diversity and metabolic activities. The investigators aim for identifying parameters affecting microbiota maturation and effects of the microbiota on infant outcome. Methods: The investigators will recruit 250 pregnant mothers who will be followed as mother-baby pairs until 10 years of age. Infants will be followed clinically to determine adequate growth and development as well as pathology including abdominal pain. Epidemiological parameter and infant nutrition will be assessed. The investigators will collect biological samples such as stool, maternal milk, vaginal swaps and skin swaps. Species composition and diversity will be assessed by 16S sequencing. Metagenomic shotgun sequencing and bacterial messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) analysis will inform about metabolic potential and metabolic activity of the microbiota. Mass spectrometry will assess the small molecule content of stool and maternal milk samples. Network analysis will be used to assess the complex relationships between bacteria metabolic activities and small molecular content. Expected results: The investigators expect an increase in complexity and metabolic potential and activity with age. Microbiota parameters will differ according to nutrition and might predict infant outcomes such as growth and abdominal pain. Systematic analysis of sequential maternal and infant bacteria samples from stool, skin and maternal milk will help characterizing bacterial transfer from mother to infant Conclusion: The investigators propose an observational study of healthy Bern mother baby pairs with clinical characterisation and biological sampling. Advanced analysis tools will be used to characterise the microbiota and address mechanistic questions.

This study aims to answer the question whether daily oral vitamin D supplementation can reduce the risk of respiratory or lung complications in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease. Respiratory problems are the leading causes of sickness and of death in sickle cell disease. The investigators hypothesize that daily oral vitamin D3, compared to monthly oral vitamin D, will rapidly increase circulating vitamin D3, and reduce the rate of respiratory complications by 50% or more within the first year of supplementation in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease. This study is funded by the FDA Office of Orphan Products Development (OOPD).

Mindfulness, seemingly a simple concept, research shows that the impact of mindfulness on the overall wellness of an individual can be helpful (5). Research supports that mindfulness leads to reduced stress, enhanced performance, better focus, and improved approach (7). Areas of mindfulnessare mindful eating,movement and meditation. Application of mindfulness tools in these areas can be beneficial to health outcomes and to create a happier more efficient work environment (9). Mindful eating shows to improve diet quality and attitudes toward food and eating. Individuals better understand physical hunger/fullness cues, improve nutrient density, weight control,digestion,systolic blood pressure, and stress(2). Disordered eating behaviors have also shown to improve(3). Mindless eating, such as eating while being on the phone, driving, or watching television can have the opposite effect and can be linked to more emotional hunger cues. Combining mindful eating with diet therapy can lead to healthier food choices and a more positive feeling towards eating and body image, reducing stress and improving the overall wellness of an individual (4). Aspire's experience shows that aspects of teacher's wellness is worsening with ,media reporting more and more employees resigning from their positions every day (wccb,2021). Teachers have voiced their need for more support with their wellbeing. As a result, Aspire Nutrition is targeting school employees through a newly developed mindfulness program titled Nourish Carolina. This program will be focused on improving the overall wellness of participants Participants are enrolled in the study for 12 weeks. All participants will have weekly nutritional counseling and bi-weekly mental health counseling. Study group will have nutrition and mental health counseling with mindfulness activities and control group will receive nutrition and mental health sessions without mindfulness activities. There is a program curriculum so that mental health and nutrition mindfulness activities compliment eachother The mindfulness lessons for study group are divided into 6 nutrition and 6 mental health sessions,for 15 minutes during the session. Positive outcomes could include improved workplace performance as a result of enhancing school employees overall wellness and quality of life by reducing stress levels, improving diet quality, and improving mental health.

This study is a randomized trial comparing 2 methods of human milk fortification for preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). All participating infants will receive a human milk diet comprising maternal and/or donor milk plus multi-component and modular fortifiers. In one group (control), the milk will be fortified according to routine standard of care. In the other group (intervention), the fortification will be individually targeted based on the results of point-of-care human milk analysis. Outcomes include physical growth in the NICU and after discharge, brain structure by magnetic resonance imaging at term equivalent age, and neurodevelopment at 2 years.

Even if awareness among nurses regarding the importance of nutritional care for older people has increased in recent years, nurses continue to underestimate the necessary approach to prevent malnutrition. Therefore, some authors have argued the critical importance of understanding which factors can influence nurses' caring behaviors during real situations and affect the prevention and management of malnutrition under actual working conditions. Specifically, the relationship between nurses' attitudes, knowledge, and self-efficacy in nutritional care for older people has not been described yet. Understanding these relationships can provide a framework to enhance adequate caring behaviors, mitigating the negative attitudes. Considering that self-efficacy has been previously theorized in several populations as the mediator of the relationship from knowledge and attitudes to specific behaviors, the investigators hypothesized that knowledge and attitudes in the specific area of nursing nutritional care have moderately positive effects on nursing caring behaviors in nutritional care only through the mediation of nursing self-efficacy. The study design is a multi-phase, descriptive observational cross-sectional, multicentric study, collecting data using a web-survey.

NUTRITION CCS is a cross-sectional, descriptive study to assess the relationship between body composition and demographic, socioeconomic status, treatment modalities and blood samples of survivors who were in remission. The study was conducted in the Clinic for childhood cancer survivors. The clinic is attended by patients older than 18 years and was built in 2016 at the St. Anne's Hospital in Brno.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of breakfast skipping (SKIP) vs. the consumption of a high protein solid (HP-S) breakfast vs. the consumption of a high protein beverage (HP-B) breakfast on daily appetite control, food cravings, food intake, and sleep quality in young adults.

Burn patients treated in an outpatient clinic and ICU survivors are at risk of malnutrition. There are no clear guidelines determining the energy target in those two populations. The aim of this observation study is to measure the resting energy expenditure of those patients, using indirect calorimetry.