Active clinical trials for "Obesity, Morbid"

Proof of concept, of RYGBP and its capabilities to cure type 2 diabetes (DM 2) and sleep apnea has already been recognized in the reports on weight loss surgery. The investigators project aims to prove that RYGBP also recovers the beta cell function (BCF) Clamp tests, the gold standard for testing IS and BCF, will be performed preoperative and early postoperatively. Aims & methodology: Analysis of the short-term effect of gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy on insulin sensitivity and beta cell function. Preoperative baseline insulin sensitivity and beta cell function will be assessed with euglycemic and hyperglycemic clamp tests. These results will be compared with the results of the same tests carried out 3 weeks postoperative. To determine if the duodenal exclusion is causing this effect. The results of the clamp tests 3 weeks postoperative will be compared

A collaborative research project with Dr. Kathleen Keef (Department of Physiology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada) studying the role of putative neurotransmitters in human intestine.

Despite progress in understanding the pathophysiology of obesity, current strategies for its medical management remain largely ineffective. Most efforts have focused on reducing caloric intake or increasing energy expenditure, either through behavior modification (e.g. dieting, regular exercise) alone, or augmented by pharmacologic efforts to decrease appetite, inhibit fat absorption, or alter metabolism. Bariatric surgery remains the only proven long term treatment of morbid obesity. Super morbidly obese (SMO: Body Mass Index (BMI) > 50) and super super morbidly obese (SSMO: BMI > 60) patients lose considerable weight, but stabilize at Body Mass Indexes (BMIs) that are still obese or even morbidly obese after risking considerable morbidity and/or mortality. Among commonly performed bariatric surgeries, a laparoscopic two-stage procedure, in which an initial restrictive procedure is followed after a weight loss of ~100 lbs by a more complex procedure that creates malabsorption, is gaining interest. Initial studies have demonstrated very good long-term weight loss with minimal morbidity, and no operative mortality in these high risk patients. Availability of biospecimens obtained at each stage of this protocol will allow participating scientists a unique opportunity to test in human tissues hypotheses developed in animals. Studies proposed under this application focus on fatty acids and overall fat disposition in fat depots (adipose tissue) of your body, and the role of adipose tissue hormones and inflammatory processes in obesity and its associated health related issues.

Obesity is a chronic illness of staggering proportions. Because weight loss through diet and exercise is difficult to attain and maintain, there has been escalating interest in bariatric surgery, including Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Gastric bypass surgery results in long-term weight loss, dramatic improvement in comorbidities such as diabetes, and decreased mortality. Emerging evidence suggests, however, that gastric bypass may have negative effects on bone health. Because of the serious consequences of osteoporosis and fracture, this is of great concern. This study of the effects of gastric bypass on calcium metabolism and the skeleton may positively impact the clinical care of gastric bypass patients by their surgeons, primary care providers, and endocrinologists. Further, the knowledge gained may inform future investigation into the relationships between obesity, weight loss, and bone biology.

The purpose of this registry is to monitor and evaluate the efficacy, as well as safety, of bariatric surgery performed at UMass Memorial Medical Center, including laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery and laparoscopic gastric banding, in the surgical treatment of morbid obesity and associated co-morbidities such as type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease.

The Oxygen Reserve Index (ORi) is a reference that could help clinicians with their assessments of normoxic and hyperoxic states by scaling the measured absorption information between 0.00 and 1.00. An ORi of 0.00 corresponds to partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) values of 100 mmHg and below and an ORi of 1.00 corresponds to PaO2 values of 200 mmHg and above. This is clinical study designed to evaluate the clinical utility of the Oxygen Reserve Index (ORI) as an early warning for arterial hemoglobin desaturation during the induction of general anesthesia and tracheal intubation in obese patients undergoing elective surgical procedures.

To determine if the use of impedance cardiography can identify appropriate medications for use in treating morbidly obese patients to decrease the risk of preeclampsia.

Changes in homocysteine values after bariatric surgery remain controversially discussed. This is the first comprehensive summary to depict timeline changes in homocysteine levels following laparoscopic roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

To evaluate the effectiveness of negative-pressure wound therapy in decreasing wound complications in morbidly obese patients (BMI greater than of equal to 40) at Albany Medical Center Hospital. Retrospective data will be collected regarding morbidly obese patients who have undergone cesarean section and patients will be recruited to have the intervention (negative-pressure wound therapy) applied and outcomes will be evaluated.

The correlations between gastric and urinary bladder pressures with Intra-abdominal pewssure have not been addressed