Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

In this study the investigators will interrogate an existing data set to examine whether genetic variants contribute to an inverse association between weight status and cognitive function. Investigators hypothesize that body mass index (BMI) will be inversely related to a number of variables measuring cognitive function, and that that this inverse relation will be at least partially attributable to genetic variants which influence both BMI and cognition.

This study aims to adapt a mobile health device (Amulet) for use in older adults. It is the second in a series of four research studies whose overarching goal is to conduct a program of pilot research aimed at developing and evaluating a technology-assisted wellness intervention for older adults with obesity who may or may not live in a rural area.

Unlike the general population, a higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with greater survival among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, obesity is defined as excess body fat that associated with clearly elevated health risks according to the World Health Organization. In addition, muscle wasting is prevalent among CKD subjects. Thus, we hypothesized that different definition of obesity, based on BMI or body fat percentage, might have different impact on clinical outcomes among CKD population.

This study aims to identify new morphological and quantitative magnetic imaging parameters of pituitary gland and sellar region in overweight and obese patient at baseline and after 3 years, dividing patients in 3 groups (weight loss through diet and lifestyle changes, weight loss through bariatric surgery, no weight loss)

Obese patients will be enrolled from 2006 to 2014. The progression of diabetes mellitus will be observed (if any). Anthropometric and biochemical parameters will be evaluated.

Investigate whether economic incentives help obese individuals to lose weight.

In Turku PET Centre, there have been 3 positron emission tomography studies on brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in healthy adults. BATPET was performed between 2008 and 2009. FATBAT started in 2011 and Dixon-BAT in 2012 and they are both currently ongoing. In the current study, participants of BATPET, FATBAT and Dixon-BAT studies are recruited for a follow-up study to examine associations between obesity, cardiovascular risk factors, serum metabolic profile and BAT structure at baseline and during follow-up several years later. 43 BATPET participants will be called for follow-up in 2013 with a follow-up period of 5 years and 52 FATBAT and Dixon-BAT participants in years 2014 and 2015 with a follow-up period of 3 years. The aim of this study is to examine longitudinal associations between BAT function and structure, liver adiposity and cardiovascular risk factors at baseline and during follow-up.

Our Choice is one of three CORD (Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration) studies funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2011 to test multi-sector, multi-level approaches to prevent and control childhood obesity. Our Choice is translating evidence-based approaches for modifying behaviors, policies, systems, and environments to promote fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity, water consumption, and quality sleep. The ultimate goal is to assist Children's Health Insurance Program-eligible children between 2-12 years old attain a healthy weight. In addition to site-specific intervention and evaluation activities, Our Choice is working with the University of Houston Evaluation Center to conduct a cross-site evaluation on a set of shared measures.

Numerous epidemiological studies clearly showed the relationship between the excessive growth of visceral adipose tissue and risk of developing insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors. However, the mechanisms contributing to the deleterious role of visceral adipose tissue remain to be elucidated. Several observations suggest that adipose tissue depots exhibit distinct metabolic and secretory capacities according to their locations. We have recently shown that visceral fat depots display higher immuno-inflammatory cells infiltration than that of subcutaneous fat. In addition, the endothelial cells of visceral compared to subcutaneous adipose tissues express a pro-inflammatory phenotype and several markers related to aging. Finally, we have shown that visceral adipocyte-derived secretions promote the endothelial cell senescence in an extent higher than subcutaneous adipocyte-derived products. These data suggest that senescence 1) might be a phenomenon related to the location and therefore the microenvironment of adipose tissue and 2) might be responsible for an abnormal activation of proinflammatory response, favouring the development of metabolic and secretory dysfunction of adipose tissue in obesity. Our working hypothesis, based on these observations, is that the visceral adipose tissue provides a microenvironment that promotes accelerated aging. This senescence may be responsible for the establishment of an inflammatory reaction, alteration of the metabolic activity and adipocyte differentiation capacity of progenitor cells leading to the development of obesity associated diseases. The proposed project is a descriptive cross-sectional pathophysiological study .The aims are 1) to better define the process of senescence in human adipose tissue, 2) to precise the mechanisms and 3) to analyse the cellular and functional consequences of aging on inflammation, adipose tissue development and metabolism. 200 morbidly obese candidates for bariatric surgery will be studied. The collection of clinical and laboratory data and the collection of biological samples (plasma, blood cells and subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues) will be made at the inclusion and during surgery (obesity center, Hôpital Louis Mourier). Analyses of adipose tissue will be performed at INSERM U1048 and will focus on in vitro approaches of the cells of the adipose tissues (mature adipocytes, endothelial cells, progenitor cells and immuno-inflammatory cells). This project will permit to better understand the pathogenicity associated with the excessive growth of visceral adipose tissue and may reveal new therapeutic targets to limit obesity-associated pathologies.

The majority of data documenting the outcomes for the adjustable gastric band (LAGB) originate from non-publicly funded surgical centres. The investigators aim to investigate the clinical outcomes of LAGB from a publicly funded Canadian obesity management program. This program recognized obesity as a chronic disease, providing extensive pre-operative multidisciplinary assessment and long term patient follow-up. Patients are selected for surgical management carefully by a multidisciplinary team and the LAGB is presented as one option to surgical management. Further, the investigators will investigate the operational impacts, including direct and indirect costs related the LAGB, to determine long term impacts on publicly funded hospitals within Canada.