Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

Overweight and obesity has become an epidemic which warrants more aggressive treatment. However, few primary care physicians (PCPs) address this issue or do not possess adequate education regarding treatment modalities such as nutrition counseling or bariatric surgery. The primary goal of this study will be to determine whether the referrals for weight management can be influenced through obesity education.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate cefoxitin pharmacokinetics in obese surgical patients.

The main aim of this study is to analyze and report the very long-term outcomes after primary laparoscopic proximal Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery for clinically severe obesity.

Our hypothesis: Obese subjects with a physician's made diagnosis of asthma have a poorer asthma control than asthmatics with normal weight, less variability of peak expiratory flows (PEF) and bronchodilator response,increased induced sputum and systemic markers of inflammation and an increased prevalence of atopy. Obese subjects have an increased incidence of co-morbidities such as rhinosinusitis, gastroesophageal reflux and sleep apnea syndrome. This study aims to determine if, in comparison with asthmatics with a normal weight, paired for age and sex, obese subjects with asthma (all not using anti-inflammatory agents) show: A more uncontrolled asthma, increased health care use and poorer quality of life A reduced response to bronchodilators and diurnal variability of expiratory flows More marked airway inflammation and evidences of a systemic inflammatory response An increased prevalence of co-morbidities which can influence the report of respiratory symptoms or the severity of the disease, such as esophageal reflux symptoms, upper airway disease (rhinitis) and sleep apnea syndrome or other sleep disorder.

Increase in body mass index (BMI)is associated with a decrease in expiratory flows.Obesity is also associated with an increased prevalence of asthma.Consequences of obesity on respiratory function and on bronchial responsiveness are still to be documented. This study aims to evaluate, before and after surgery, the impact of a bariatric surgery (biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch)on respiratory function in patients with morbid obesity . Our hypothesis is that weight loss following bariatric surgery will induce significant improvements in pulmonary function and airway responsiveness, and, as a consequence, a reduction in respiratory symptoms,these changes being correlated with a reduction in systemic markers of inflammation. Maintenance of weight loss after one year will permit the persistence of these improvements

Tissue factor is the main activator of coagulation cascades. Excessive tissue factor expression is made responsible of thrombosis in a number of clinical situations including thrombosis in contact with atherosclerotic plaques. Recent work showed that tissue factor gene expression in adipose tissue was significantly increased in obese versus lean mice. The main objective of this study is to show that tissue factor expression is increased in human adipose tissue obtained from obese subjects and to identify its main tissular origin by comparing abdominal and subcutaneous adipose tissue. The secondary objectives are to identify the cell origin of tissue factor (adipocytes versus stromal cells) and to analyze the relation ship between blood tissue factor and (i) tissue factor expressed by adipose tissue, (ii) the amount of subcutaneous and profound adipose tissue, and (iii) coagulation activation markers.

This study examines the relationship between sleep timing and insulin resistance in adolescents with obesity. The investigators also aim to develop a physiologically-based mathematical model of adolescent sleep/wake and circadian interactions.

The primary aim of the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE) is to determine the relationship between lifestyle characteristics and obesity in a large multi-national study of 10 year-old children, and to investigate the influence of behavioral settings and physical, social and policy environments on the observed relationships within each country.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether placental and umbilical cord blood miRNA expression is altered in women with obesity with macrosomic neonates to when compared to miRNA expression from control patients.

Low socioeconomic status (low SES), as defined by educational attainment and income, has been associated with obesity in industrialized nations. Low SES has been related to impulsive decision-making characterized by steep devaluation of future outcomes (delay discounting, DD) and a greater motivation to obtain food (food reinforcement, FR). DD and FR have been shown to interactively predict ad libitum energy intake in laboratory studies, such that participants exhibiting high FR as well as high DD consume the most food. Obesity often results from energy intake in excess of physiologic needs, and thus a plausible mechanism is that low SES environments increase FR and DD, leading to overeating and obesity. The primary aims of this study are to determine whether FR and DD interact to predict BMI, and whether differences in FR and DD mediate the relationship between low SES and obesity, in a large sample of US adults of varying BMI. In addition, whether high FR and high DD are related to unhealthy food purchasing and eating behaviors will be assessed. It is anticipated that high FR and DD will be related to unhealthy food purchasing and eating behaviors.