Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common liver disease worldwide and affects nearly 40% of obese youth and up to 10% of the general pediatric population. Some features of NAFLD are similar in children and adults, yet fibrosis and inflammation are more common in the portal zone and occur earlier in pediatric NAFLD patients than adults. This portends a rapid progression to end-stage liver disease in early adulthood. For the majority of children with NAFLD, mechanisms driving the origin and rapid progression of disease remain unknown. Thus, there is a critical, unmet need to study the specific underlying patterns of metabolic and molecular changes in the liver underlying the development and progression unique to children with NAFLD. This proposal will test the hypotheses that children with NAFLD have excess glucose and lipid produced by the liver, that those events are regulated by specific variations in the amount and location of RNAs and proteins in liver, and that the concentration of specific micro-RNAs in the blood can be used as a biomarker for NAFLD in pediatric patients.

Children with obesity are prone to suffering from metabolic diseases, which undoubtedly increases the burden of public health. Since obesity is a multiple gene disease, a comprehensive approach using polygenic risk scores (PRS), rather than individual genetic variant, may be a more appropriate method. The aim of the study was to establish a polygenic risk score model to assess differences to assess differences in weight loss treatment outcomes.

This study is investigating the effect of a medication called glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor agonists on mental health. GLP1 receptor agonists are a type of medication that are used to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Obesity and T2D are very common health conditions, and research has shown that people living with obesity and T2D are more likely to experience mental health disorders. Some recent research has suggested that GLP1 receptor agonists might help with mental health problems such as depression and binge eating disorder, and the investigators want to expand on this in this study. The investigators will be recruiting patients from community diabetes services, and tier 3 weight management services in South East London. Patients will be eligible if they are starting on GLP1 receptor agonists for the management of either T2D or obesity. The study is a mixed methods, longitudinal observations study with two components - a quantitative and a qualitative aspect. Firstly, the investigators will be interviewing patients before and 12-16 weeks after starting the medication, using short questionnaires which asks participants about different mental health symptoms that they may be experiencing. The investigators will use this information to see if there are any objective changes in mental health after taking GLP1 receptor agonists. Secondly, the investigators will be conducting a longer semi-structured interview after the second set of short questionnaires (at 12-16 weeks after starting GLP1 receptor agonist), asking about patient's experiences of taking the medication and how it has affected their mental health and general wellbeing. The investigators will qualitatively analyse this data to determine the subjective effect of GLP1 receptor agonists on mental health and wellbeing.

This study is open to adults with obesity. People with a body mass index (BMI) in the range from 30 to 40 kg/m2 and a body weight of 70 kg or higher can join the study. The purpose of this study is to find out whether treatment with a medicine called BI 456906 changes the occupancy of the glucagon receptor in the liver. These receptors are involved in appetite and weight regulation. Participants are put into 3 groups randomly, which means by chance. Participants in groups 1 and 2 get BI 456906. Participants in group 3 get semaglutide. Semaglutide is an approved medicine for body weight reduction. For 17 weeks, participants get as injections BI 456906 two times a week or semaglutide once a week. The doses of BI 456906 and semaglutide get higher over time. After 17 weeks of treatment, the receptor occupancy in the liver, as well as in pancreas is compared between different groups. To do so, doctors label the receptors and visualise them with an imaging method (PET/CT scans). Participants are in the study for about 25 weeks. Depending on the group, they have 21 to 25 visits. And 5 to 7 visits of all are done at the participant's home. The doctors also regularly check participants' health and take note of any unwanted effects.

Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has become the most commonly performed weight loss surgery, accounting for 60% of all bariatric operations worldwide. While technically easier with less side-effects and nutritional risks than other operations, SG is also associated with a higher risk of failure (20 to 40%). In such case, the most effective option consists in adding an intestinal bypass called the Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch (BPD-DS). This surgery is, however, technically challenging and yields a significant risk of complications, nutritional deficiencies or gastro-intestinal side-effects. Recently, a simplified version of the Standard DS, called Single-Anastomosis Duodenoileal Switch (SADI-S) was endorsed by surgical societies as one of the approved bariatric procedures. There is currently no prospective or randomized data to support the effectiveness of this new procedure, especially as a revisional approach. The Overall Objective of this randomized controlled trial project is to establish the clinical benefits of the SADI-S as a revisional surgery after SG, while also considering critical issues related to sex and gender. The investigator Overall Hypothesis is that the SADI-S represents a relevant revisional option for weight loss and metabolic recovery in women and men suffering from severe obesity who had a previous SG. The investigator propose to address the following research question. Research Question: What are the clinical effects of SADI-S compared to standard DS when used as a revisional procedure after SG, in patients with obesity? Participants who need revisional surgery after SG will be enrolled in a prospective, randomized, double-blind (patient-evaluator), non-inferiority trial comparing SADI-S vs DS. The primary outcome will be 12-month excess weight loss. Secondary outcomes will be perioperative complications, risk of malnutrition, quality of life and gastrointestinal side effects. The investigator hypothesize that SADI-S offers similar weight loss compared to standard DS, but a lower risk of complications and nutritional deficiencies. With the increase in the number of bariatric operations performed worldwide and the recent endorsement of the SADI-S as a regular procedure, reliable clinical data are urgently needed. The present proposal will directly address this knowledge gap.

In this study, doctors want to find out more about why people who lose weight often regain the weight that they have lost once they resume a regular diet and whether hormones might play a role in weight regain. The study is divided into two parts, called the meal replacement period and the follow-up period. The meal replacement period will consist of drinking a shake for breakfast and lunch and eating a frozen meal for dinner that is calorie controlled. Individuals will also be asked to eat two servings of fruit and three servings of vegetables each day. The study will provide the shakes and the frozen entrees, participants are asked to supply the fruits and vegetables. Participation in this study will last for up to 35 weeks. There will be 10 in-person visits and 13 visits by phone or over Zoom over the 35 weeks.

Study on outcomes on bariatric surgery, particularly in terms of metabolic parameters in the UAE is scant. Also Genetic data from this population is limited and hence a study on genetic determinants of response to bariatric surgery is highly warranted. This study is expected to provide a better understanding of the causes of severe obesity in the UAE population and help us to evaluate the efficacy of Bariatric surgery in patients with genetic forms of obesity. The information generated will allow us to better advise patients regarding the risks and benefits of Bariatric Surgery as a treatment. Objective To investigate the metabolic outcomes of bariatric surgery, to study the prevalence of monogenic forms of obesity among a cohort of patients with morbid obesity who underwent bariatric surgery and to compare the outcomes of Bariatric surgery in patients with and without underlying genetic condition.

The goal of this study is to see the effect that a cooling pillow pad called Moona has on sleep quality.

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate a new way of providing healthcare to children with an unhealthy weight. Families who participate will be assigned by chance to one of two groups. One group will see their child's primary care provider to talk about healthy lifestyles for 6 months. The other group will be in our Healthy Lifestyle program for 6 months. This will include: Check-ins with lifestyle specialists and community health workers, A mobile app to help support a healthy lifestyle, and Access to community programs and activities. The main questions the study aims to answer are: Do children in the Healthy Lifestyle program have better weight outcomes? Do more families in the Healthy Lifestyle program stay in the study? Does the Healthy Lifestyle program work better for families from certain communities?

The purpose of this study is to devise and pilot a BMI-based prenatal vitamin for obese pregnant women. Currently, all pregnant women, regardless of body mass index, take the same prenatal vitamin. The investigators have found that obese pregnant women have higher levels of inflammation and oxidative stress, and a concomitant depletion of specific antioxidant micronutrients. The investigators have also found, in an animal model, that decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress during obese pregnancy was associated with improved offspring outcomes. Here the investigators aim to understand whether a BMI-based prenatal vitamin is effective in decreasing markers of inflammation and oxidative stress by raising concentrations of antioxidant micronutrients and in pregnancies complicated by obesity.