Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

Breathing is impacted by obesity. Early changes are characterised by significant breathing abnormalities during sleep (a condition called sleep disordered breathing, the most common of which is obstructive sleep apnoea). As the breathing changes worsen in severity, it may result in a rise in carbon dioxide levels during daytime causing a condition called obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS). The current treatment for obesity related breathing changes include supportive breathing therapy at night, optimisation of associated medical conditions and weight loss. Weight management is an important part of obesity treatment. Weight loss strategies such as life-style modification do not always work. Weight loss surgery (bariatric surgery) has been shown to be an effective weight management intervention with long-term results. This study aims to understand breathing changes that occurs due to obesity and their resolution after weight loss surgery. The investigators are aiming to recruit participants with sleep disordered breathing who are currently awaiting bariatric surgery. In particular, the investigators are interested in comparing breathing changes in participants with OHS, who have abnormal regulation of their carbon dioxide levels, and participants with sleep disordered breathing with normal CO2 regulation. Participants will be recruited through outpatient clinics for sleep disordered breathing. The participants will undergo comprehensive breathing assessments on enrolment including an overnight sleep study. Participants will undergo further daytime breathing assessments before and after their bariatric surgery. End of study will be 6 months after surgery - participants will have a final comprehensive breathing assessment including an overnight sleep study to review resolution of their breathing changes. Depending on the wait list time for the bariatric surgery, it is anticipated that participants will be enrolled in the study for 2 years.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its measures on lifestyle in Dutch children between 4 - 18 years.

Complications associated with excess weight (hypertension, coronary artery disease and diabetes) have become major causes of morbidity and mortality after liver transplantation (LT). To ensure excellent long-term outcomes with LT it is critically important to understand the best strategies to minimize obesity and its associated complications in our patients. Weight loss can be achieved through dieting and exercise, but most patients are unable to maintain the weight loss. In the general population, bariatric surgery is much more effective than medical treatment for permanent weight loss and prevention or reduction of obesity-associated complications. The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of performing sleeve gastrectomy (SG) procedure in the early post-LT period in obese patients. The patient population for this study will be anyone listed for liver transplantation at Toronto General Hospital (University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada) and meeting the current standard criteria for bariatric surgery (BMI>40, or BMI>35 with at least 1 obesity-related complication).This study will randomly assign eligible participants to one of two groups (1:1). Patients in group 1 will receive standard lifestyle/diet counselling while patients in group 2 will undergo SG-specific counselling prior to transplant and the SG procedure within 2 weeks of LT (if safe to do so). All participants will be followed for 12 months.

The investigators seek to analyze the samples provided by patients with obesity-associated fatty liver disease at the multi-omics level and to integrate the results with clinical information, genotypic variants, and factors influencing inter-organ crosstalk. The main aim is to improve the interpretation of fatty liver disease associated with obesity and diabetes by developing predictive models built with algorithms from artificial intelligence. The challenge is to decipher the flow of information by exploring contributing factors, proximate causes of regulatory defects, and maladaptive responses that may promote therapeutic approaches.

This is a phase 2 open-label, one-arm, clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DCCR (diazoxide choline) extended-release tablets over 1 year of treatment, in patients with genetic obesities.

The project will describe the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and endoscopic gastric plication procedures as compared to conservative therapy and clarify the mechanisms of action of these treatments. The project will also contribute to more precise indications of bariatric or endoscopic methods in clinical practice and enable personalized choice of therapy for particular patient.

This is a prospective 11-17 -years follow-up of two existing pregnancy cohort (PREDO) and prevention (RADIEL) studies. The main objective is to investigate the associations between maternal overweight, obesity, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, gestational diabetes, and maternal-fetal metabolome, child's birth outcomes, and overweight and obesity and cardio metabolic health outcomes in childhood and adolescence. During this follow-up study, the mothers and their 11-17-year-old children are invited for a study visit and their cardio metabolic health is studied by many different methods.

Overweight/obesity and loss of control eating (characterized by the sense that one cannot control what or how much one is eating) are prevalent among children and adolescents, and both are associated with serious medical and psychosocial health complications. Although our recently published data suggest that youth with these conditions may have relative deficits in neurocognitive functioning, particularly working memory, understanding of how these processes and their neural correlates are related to change and stability in eating and weight-related outcomes over time is limited, thereby impeding development of targeted, optimally timed interventions. The present study aims to assess prospective associations between general and food-specific executive functioning and underlying neural substrates, and eating and weight outcomes among children at varying levels of risk overweight/obesity and eating disorders, which will help guide research efforts towards the development of effective prevention and intervention strategies.

Obesity has been considered as a risk factor for mortality and development of complications during infection with the influenza virus. Several case studies of severe and fatal infections have identified possible effects of obesity on disease progression; these effects include extensive viral replication in the deep lung, progression to viral pneumonia, and prolonged and increased viral shedding. These points may be linked to obesity which causes a chronic state of meta-inflammation with systemic implications for immunity: obese patients exhibit delayed and blunted innate and adaptive immune responses to influenza virus infection, and they experience poor recovery from the disease leading to an increased susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections and poor healing of the lung epithelium. Furthermore, in obese people, influenza virus may exploit the lack of antiviral pressure, generate a more virulent population and increase disease severity Due to the growing prevalence of obesity worldwide (500 million subjects in 2017), it is important to be able to offer vaccines that provide the highest protection for this at-risk population. The quadrivalent recombinant high-dose influenza vaccine has been shown to have greater immunogenicity and efficacy than standard influenza vaccine in non-obese adults older than 50 years. However, this vaccine has never been evaluated in obese subjects. Investigators thus planned this trial to assess whether the use of the new quadrivalent recombinant high-dose influenza vaccine (RIV4) will induce a better immunological answer than current quadrivalent standard vaccine (SD) in patients with severe obesity, with an acceptable safety profile, thus leading to a better protection against influenza in this population at high risk of influenza complications.

The purpose of this study is to examine whether a standardized video education tool will improve knowledge regarding obesity and bariatric surgery and increase bariatric surgery referrals for obese women with endometrial cancer.