Active clinical trials for "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder"

Psychiatric disorders characterized by pathological fear and anxiety are common and often disabling. Despite their limitations, exposure therapies are among the most efficacious treatments for these disorders. Extinction learning is thought to be a core mechanism of therapeutic exposure. Extinction learning is mediated by a well-defined circuit encompassing the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), amygdala, and hippocampus. This raises the exciting possibility that direct engagement of this circuitry might enhance the response to therapeutic exposure. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulation technology that can augment brain plasticity, learning, and memory. The proposed study will evaluate whether tDCS can improve therapeutic learning and memory processes among participants diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) This study aims to use tDCS to improve learning and memory processes within the context of an exposure laboratory challenge. Participants diagnosed with OCD will complete a two-day experimental study. On day 1, participants will receive sham (placebo) or active tDCS followed by approximately 50-minutes of individualized exposure. on day 2, participants will return to complete an additional 50-minutes of exposure. Subjective distress will be repeatedly monitored during exposure to allow for the modeling of within-trail and within-session learning and between-session recall of learning.

In this study, the investigators hope to study a number of variables the investigators believe may help us predict why some people respond better to some medications than others. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive one of two typical medications for OCD, clomipramine or escitalopram. Individuals who would like to participate but who have previously tried one or both of these medications may instead take a newer drug, duloxetine, and undergo the identical procedures. The factors the investigators will be studying include demographics (i.e. age, gender, age of onset of OCD), genetic markers (such as variants in genes involved in breaking down drugs in the liver (cytochrome P450 system), and genes involved in several brain chemical systems, such as serotonin), the dimensions of OCD symptoms (i.e. checking, washing, and hoarding) and cortical inhibition. Cortical inhibition will be measured transcranial magnetic stimulation and is being studied because deficits in this process may be important in the development of OCD. The investigators hypothesize that certain pretreatment clinical characteristics will correlate with poor treatment response including earlier age of onset, longer duration of illness, increased YBOCS severity and presence of significant hoarding symptoms. The investigators expect that increasing degree of deficit in CI pre-treatment will predict poor treatment response, but that increase in CI from pre- to post-treatment will correlate with a positive treatment response. Differences in genetic marker status for cytochrome P450 genes will correlate with tolerability and/or response, as well as differences in genetic marker status in SLC1A1, GRIN2B, 5HT1B and 5HT2A will correlate with response.

In this study investigators are studying the effects of a drug called ketamine on the symptoms of Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Anxiety disorders are a major public health concern, having a profound impact on functioning, causing significant disability, loss of productivity and suffering. Effective treatments exist for these disorders, but few clinicians are trained in these methods. This project attempts to remedy this shortcoming by using web-based tools to facilitate access to this training, thus increasing the number of available therapists in order to help meet this unmet need.

This project seeks to identify causal neural mechanisms underlying unwanted, repetitive behaviors (compulsions). Using non-invasive brain stimulation coupled with practice in a computer task, we will modulate activity in a target brain region in two directions (up or down) and measure effects on compulsive behaviors and related measures. This work could ultimately lead to the ability to treat compulsions more effectively by targeting the regions of the brain that can help or hinder attempts to overcome compulsions.

The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and tolerability of RG1068 (Synthetic Human Secretin) when administered three times weekly to outpatients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), to determine the impact of multiple subcutaneous injections of RG1068 on the symptoms of OCD, as measured by changes in clinical scales, and to evaluate the effect of RG1068 on ODC patients' anxiety, quality of life, and depression.

First line treatments fo Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) are Selective Serotonin Recapture Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) including exposure with response prevention. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of GCBT and SSRIs for OCD patients. Other clinical trials have compared these treatments, but with OCD patients without any other psychiatric disorder. In this study patients with current age between 18 and 65 years, with YBOCS score of at least 16 and psychiatric comorbidities will be not excluded. Exclusion criteria will be: OCD secondary to brain trauma, stroke or malformation; current abuse of alcohol or other psychoactive substance, current presence of psychotic symptoms, suicidal risk, psychiatric or clinical comorbidity that might get worse with the medications used in the trial. So, the present study investigates the efficacy of these treatments for a heterogeneous OCD population, trying to identify if the usual treatments are efficient when applied in the public health system that treat not just patients with only OCD diagnosis. Patients will be randomized for GCBT and SSRI, and after treatment will be evaluated by researchers blind to the treatment received.

The purpose of the current study is to investigate the effect of an acute administration of intranasal oxytocin, relative to placebo, on social cognitive impairments among individuals with body dysmorphic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder, compared to healthy controls.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with fear provoking exposures is the most effective therapy for anxiety disorders. Investigators aim to enhance this therapy with the use of virtual reality exposures and to make therapy more available and accessible for patients with anxiety disorders. The societal benefit of increased access to therapy is that, if successful, it will increase the number of patients who receive appropriate treatment for an anxiety disorder.

The purpose of this study is to examine how feasible and acceptable it is to deliver a talking treatment called Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) in two different formats for people who have had treatment for OCD in the past but it didn't work out for them. The two different treatment formats are CBT delivered on a weekly basis (which is approximately 12-18 hours of therapy delivered weekly for 60-90 minutes each session, followed by 1-3 monthly follow up sessions as needed) and CBT offered in an intensive format (which is having approximately 12-18 hours of therapy all in a 3-week period, followed by 1-3 monthly follow up sessions as needed).