Active clinical trials for "Opioid-Related Disorders"

The purpose of this study is to assess the acceptability and safety of Suboxone in heroin users as a replacement therapy for opioid dependency by comparing the clinical response of participants who are inducted directly onto Suboxone with that of participants who are inducted first to Subutex and then transferred to Suboxone.

The study will assess the effectiveness of at-home vs. in-office induction for patients entering buprenorphine maintenance at Associates in Internal Medicine (AIM) primary care clinic.

Background: The effectiveness of methadone maintenance for treatment of heroin addiction has been well established. However, patients maintained on methadone may relapse to cocaine use, even when they are enrolled in a comprehensive treatment program. Relapse has been attributed to several factors, including drug-associated environmental stimuli. Aripiprazole is a drug used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, but it may have other uses. Research has shown that aripiprazole can reduce cocaine-seeking behavior in rats, and it has been investigated for use in treating amphetamine dependence. More research is needed to determine whether aripiprazole can prevent relapse to cocaine use in patients being treated with methadone. Objectives: - To determine whether aripiprazole prevents relapse to cocaine use more effectively than placebo in cocaine-abstinent patients maintained on methadone. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 60 years of age who are current cocaine users seeking methadone treatment. Design: The study will last up to 41 weeks, with four phases of treatment and a follow-up evaluation. Three times a week, participants will be asked to report illicit drug use and provide urine and breath samples. Throughout the study, participants will receive individual counseling in weekly 40 60 minute sessions. Other samples and tests will be scheduled as required by the study researchers. Patients will be stabilized on daily methadone over the first 14 days of the study. Weeks 1 14: Participants will receive vouchers for regular cocaine-free urine samples. Those who successfully complete this phase will continue to the next part of the study. Weeks 13 27: Participants will receive either aripiprazole or placebo along with their methadone. During this part of the study, participants will keep electronic diaries to record cocaine use or craving and to record data on mood and activity. Weeks 28 33: Participants will stop taking the aripiprazole or placebo, but will continue the methadone treatment. Participants will continue to use the electronic diaries. Weeks 34 41: Participants will have the choice of transferring to a community clinic or gradually reducing doses of methadone to end the study. Participants will return for a follow-up visit and urine sample 6 months after the end of the study.

This study will test whether contingency management (monetary vouchers contingent on abstinence from drugs) that reinforces one behavior (achieving abstinence from drugs) leads to improved outcomes in other related behaviors (achieving HIV viral load suppression). In a randomized controlled trial, the investigators propose to test whether an abstinence-reinforcing contingency management intervention improves viral load suppression in HIV-infected drug users.

The purpose of this clinical trial is to study the efficacy and safety of naltrexone implants as relapse prevention for patients that are completing treatment for opiate addiction in inpatient (or similarly controlled) settings. Participants volunteer for the study before being released from inpatient treatment, and are randomized to a naltrexone implant group or a waiting-list control for the duration of the first six months following completion of inpatient treatment. Both groups are free to receive treatment as usual (TAU) from the Norwegian healthcare system. After six months, both groups will be offered to have naltrexone implanted for the remaining six months of the study. The hypotheses are that quality of life, depression, opioid use, will be significantly better in the naltrexone group compared to the non at 6-month follow-up. For the last six months of the trial, the investigators hypothesise that choice of naltrexone implant will mainly strengthen positive tendencies or reverse negative trends on the aforementioned variables. The investigators also hypothesize that the implants can prevent death from opioid overdose up to 6 months after commenced treatment.

Prospective participants will undergo a screening process at the clinic to determine eligibility. After screening, eligible patients will complete an 8-day inpatient detoxification, followed by a 12-week outpatient phase. Patients will be randomly assigned to one of two conditions (1) Naltrexone + Placebo; (2) Naltrexone + Memantine 20 mg bid. Long-acting, injectable form of naltrexone (Vivitrol) will be administered once per month (the total of three injections) while memantine or placebo will be taken daily. In addition, patients will receive twice weekly psychosocial intervention that will include motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioral relapse prevention. The outpatient treatment will also consist of 3 weekly visits to the clinic in which patients will receive counseling to help maintain abstinence and improve compliance with study medication.

This is a residential study that looks at the effects of buprenorphine in persons who abuse but are not dependent on opioids. Animal studies show that very high doses of buprenorphine produce less effects than mid-range doses. This suggests that buprenorphine can be a very safe medication. However, no studies in humans have tested higher doses in a similar way. The goal of this study is to show the effects of single doses of buprenorphine, across a range of doses, in persons who are not physically dependent on opioids (but do abuse opioids).

This study will evaluate the safety, effectiveness and tolerance of low doses of oral naltrexone along with buprenorphine to treat opioid use disorder prior to the first injection of VIVITROL.

This study will evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of oral naltrexone used in conjunction with buprenorphine in adults with Opioid Use Disorder transitioning from buprenorphine maintenance prior to the first dose of VIVITROL.

To determine the pharmacokinetics of 4 intranasal doses of naloxone compared to a 0.4 mg dose of naloxone administrated intramuscular and to identify an appropriate intranasal dose that could achieve systemic exposure comparable to an approved parenteral dose. To also determine the pharmacokinetics of two different concentrations of intranasal naloxone and finally, to determine the safety of intranasal naloxone with respect to nasal irritation.