Active clinical trials for "Multiple Organ Failure"

In order to optimize anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) treatment with ganciclovir (GCV), in patients with multi organ failure treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (RRT), more information about ganciclovir pharmacokinetics in this setting is needed. The primary objective is to describe the pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in critically ill patients with acute renal failure treated with continuous renal replacement therapy, with a special emphasis on the extra-renal clearance and distribution volume. Secondary objectives are to investigate if any co-factors, such as serum creatinine, weight, general hydration status, rest function of the native kidneys, etc. can help to describe the pharmacokinetics of GCV in these patients on continuous RRT as well as the relative influence of filtrations and dialysis on GCV elimination during different modalities of the treatment.

Trauma and major operation are associated with an excessive inflammation reaction due to tissue injury. This overwhelming immune response is considered to be a major risk factor in the pathogenesis of late inflammatory complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and sepsis. The investigators hypothesize that administration of C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) will attenuate the humane inflammatory response and, thereby, reduce the risk of inflammatory complications due to surgical interventions in trauma patients with a femur or pelvic fracture

This study will assess the impact of FTIRS typing on the spread of ESBL-E in intensive care units

A multicenter, randomized (1:1, iloprost: placebo), placebo controlled, blinded, investigator-initiated phase 2b trial in trauma patients with haemorrhagic shock and shock induced endotheliopathy (SHINE), investigating the efficacy and safety of continuous intravenous administrating of iloprost (1 ng/kg/min) versus placebo for 72-hours, in a total of 220 patients. The study hypothesis is that iloprost may be beneficial as an endothelial rescue treatment as it is anticipated to deactivate the endothelium and restore vascular integrity in trauma patients with haemorrhagic shock (SHINE) suffering from organ failure caused by endothelial breakdown, ultimately improving survival.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT)-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is an understudied complication of HCT that significantly affects transplant related morbidity and mortality. The investigators hypothesize that early intervention with complement blocker eculizumab will double survival in HCT recipients with high risk TMA, as compared to historical untreated controls. An optimal eculizumab dosing schedule can be determined for this population through eculizumab pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) testing.

High mortality associated with sepsis and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) calls for alternative, individualized therapies in selected patients that might benefit form specific interventions. Role of macrolides as potential immunomodulatory treatment in sepsis is promising, but unclear. Subgroup analysis of previous large-scale clinical trials on patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia or gram-negative sepsis, showed that addition of clarithromycin to standard antibiotic therapy conferred a significant survival benefit in the subgroup of patients with respiratory dysfunction and MODS. The INCLASS study is aiming to assess the efficacy of intravenous treatment of clarithromycin in the reduction of 28-day mortality among patients suffering from these entities.

Sepsis is a major healthcare problem and leading cause of death in the pediatric population. Despite advances in supportive care of critically ill patients, sepsis remains an important cause of death worldwide in children. Overall, sepsis incidence peaked in early childhood. There were an estimated 20.3 million incident sepsis cases worldwide among children younger than 5 years. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC), which standardized the evidence-base approach to management of septic shock and other sepsis-associated organ dysfunction in children, was recently updated. Nevertheless, mortality and costs are still high. Sepsis is characterized by a complex systemic inflammatory response to a microbial pathogen. A dysregulated host response to infection may result in life-threatening multi-organ dysfunction. Endotoxin, which is found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of septic shock by producing proinflammatory cytokines. High levels of endotoxin and proinflammatory cytokines are associated with a high mortality rate. Treatment strategies in sepsis and septic shock include early and adequate fluid resuscitation, vasopressors and inotropic support when indicated, early use of broad-spectrum antibiotics with source control, with close monitoring and organ support, if indicated. Other therapies such as immune-modulation and blood purification have been tried to improve outcomes in patients with sepsis and septic shock. Immunomodulation and blood purification techniques aim at restoring the balance of the immune response to infection, by removing the triggers for the response and the cytokines produced and thereby achieve immune homeostasis. Removing endotoxin and inflammatory cytokines would be an effective adjunctive approach in the management of severe sepsis. Direct hemoadsorption (HA) is an extracorporeal technique utilized for blood purification. It involves the passage of blood through an adsorption cartridge, where solutes are removed by direct binding to the sorbent material. Over the years, new adsorption cartridge, with improved characteristics have been developed. Resin-directed hemoadsorption is associated with improved oxygenation, hemodynamic status and cardiac function. However, most studies include only adults, and little information is available regarding the clinical experience and efficacy of blood purification for pediatric septic shock. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the overall clinical outcomes among children who received direct hemoadsorption as an adjunctive treatment for refractory septic shock with high severity scores, compared with outcomes among children admitted to the PICU who received standard treatment.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in combination with multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is a life-threatening condition, particularly when treatment modalities such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and catecholamine administration have failed to treat the severe condition. In this study, the investigators report patients who responded to intrapleural steroid instillation (IPSI) while being unresponsive to conventional treatment (use of intravenous steroids, nitric oxide inhalation, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, or ECMO) for treatment of critical illnesses such as ARDS in combination with MODS.

This is a randomised, single blinded, multicentre trial to evaluate whether daily procalcitonin (PCT) measurements and immediate diagnostic and therapeutic responses to abnormal values and day-to-day changes can reduce the mortality of critically ill patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

TITRE - Trial of Indication-based Transfusion of Red Blood Cells in ECMO, is a multicenter, prospective, randomized clinical trial. The overarching goal of TITRE is to determine whether restricting red blood cell (RBC) transfusion according to an indication-based strategy for those with bleeding and/or deficit of tissue oxygen delivery, compared with transfusion based on center-specific hemoglobin or hematocrit thresholds, can reduce organ dysfunction and improve later neurodevelopment in critically ill children receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) support.