Active clinical trials for "Osteoporosis"

Osteopenia and osteoporosis cause thinning of bone tissue and loss of bone density over time. The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of nitroglycerin ointment for the treatment of osteopenia in postmenopausal women. Study hypothesis: On average, participants in the base therapy cohort who receive placebo ointment control and calcium/vitamin D will lose more bone density than participants in the nitroglycerin cohort over the 36-month period.

This study will provide valuable data on whether soy isoflavones impact bone loss in postmenopausal women. The study will help clarify potential mechanisms and contribute to our understanding of isoflavones as an alternative to traditional hormone therapy.

This study will test an osteoporosis prevention program aimed at preadolescent girls between the ages of 10 and 12 who have not yet started their menstrual periods. Girls in this age group are adding large amounts of new bone to their skeletons. Adding more bone at this time of life can reduce a person's chances of developing osteoporosis (thinning bones) in later years. We will look at how this osteoporosis prevention program affects the amount of calcium in the girls' diets, the amount of weight-bearing exercise they do, and their bone mass measured using ultrasound testing of the heel.

Vitamin D deficiency is common in the elderly and contributes to the increased incidence of falls, hip fracture and depression in this population. An unknown number of elderly have vitamin D resistance resulting in a functional vitamin D deficiency state. Because there are no simple procedures or blood tests that identify vitamin D resistance, its prevalence and contribution to disability in the elderly is unknown. Our inability to screen for this condition precludes our ability to initiate and monitor treatment. Previous studies indicate that fingernail thickness correlates with vitamin D status and may therefore provide a simple cost effective procedure to not only identify patients with vitamin D deficiency but also, those with vitamin D resistance. This procedure may also provide a way to monitor an individual's response to treatment. This study is designed to demonstrate the association between fingernail thickness and vitamin D status.

The goals of this study are 1) to investigate the extent to which dried plum improves bone health by measuring bone density (a measure of bone strength) of whole body, hip, and forearm, indicators of bone formation and bone breakdown, and 2) to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of dried plum by assessing biomarkers of inflammation. Additionally, relevant medical history and lifestyle variables will be recorded.

Bone disease and adrenal suppression are two of the many side effects of steroid use in pediatrics. Evidence has shown that adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) protects against the adverse bone effects of steroids in animals and in vitro models, but this has not yet been evaluated in humans. The proposed mechanism in these studies is that ACTH stimulates osteoblasts in bone to release Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), which increases the vascularity in high risk areas of bone. This can potentially be protective against osteonecrosis and osteopenia, which can lead to bone fractures if not prevented. The VEGF release can also be used to demonstrate that an administration of exogenous ACTH occurred. This could be important in diagnosing adrenal insufficiency (AI). One of the tests to assess central AI is the low-dose ACTH stimulation test (LDAST). This test has a high rate of false positive results due to technical limitations. However, if an ACTH-stimulated VEGF level can be measured during the test as a marker of the test being done properly, it will allow for proper interpretation of the results (and identification of a false positive), which will reduce the number of patients being incorrectly diagnosed with central AI. This study will recruit ten healthy children and adolescents, ages 9-18, to assess the effects of ACTH on VEGF levels. The investigators will measure the response of VEGF and cortisol to an administration of a low dose and high dose of cosyntropin (the synthetic ACTH analog used in this test). The hypothesis of this study is that VEGF and cortisol will both increase after administration of cosyntropin. At this time, no other studies have demonstrated that VEGF is responsive to ACTH in humans. If the hypothesis is correct, the results will have two main implications. VEGF can be used as a marker of ACTH administration during the LDAST to identify false positive tests. Secondly, this will help further research into whether ACTH can be used to protect against bone disease in high-dose steroid-treated patients. Further studies can be done to assess whether this effect will be the same in patients with AI or steroid-induced adrenal suppression.

Denosumab is an antibody against receptor-activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand that prevents recruitment and differentiation of mature osteoclasts. Treatment markedly decrease bone resorption and fracture risk, and many patients will reach osteopenic bone mineral density (BMD) levels on treatment with denosumab. The treatment effect on bone turnover and BMD has, however, been demonstrated to be reversible. This study will show if the bone mass can be maintained by administrating zoledronic acid and if timing of the first dose of zoledronic acid after last dose of denosumab matters.

The aim of this study is the quantitative determination of bone-specific microRNAs in the serum of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis during antiresorptive or osteoanabolic therapy.

The patients who consulted to the geriatric outpatient clinic between 2018 and 2019 were included in the study. The inclusion criterions were being at or over the age of 65 and diagnosed with osteoporosis according to WHO criteria. Exclusion criteria include vertebral fracture due to known accidental traumas, history of drug therapy in the past year (biphosphonate, estrogen replacement therapy, glucocorticoids ), history of co-morbidities as malignancy, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, renal failure, hyperthyroidism, primer hyperparathyroidism, rheumatic disease or adrenal diseases. Initially, a demographic form including age, sex, comorbidities, weight, height was filled by the participants. Body mass index (BMI, ratio of height and weight, expressed as kg/m2) calculated. Patients waist and hip circumference was measured (cm). Fat percentage and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) was calculated by using bioimpedance analysis (BIA) (Tanita TBF 300; Tanita Corp., Tokyo, Japan). Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated from BIA-based skeletal muscle mass with a formula as SMM/height [m2] [8]. ABSI is measured as waist circumference (m) / (BMI(kg)2/3x Height(m)5/6) [4]. Osteoporosis was evaluated by using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). According to the T-scores calculated from femur neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS), subjects divided into 3 groups as following: a) normal: T-score is greater than -1 SD, b) osteopenia: T-score is between -1 and -2.5 SD, c) osteoporosis: T-score is lower than -2.5 SD. Physical activity levels of patients were evaluated with The Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) aerobic assessment [9]. Patients divided into 5 groups as following: 1 = sedentary, 2 = underactive, 3 = regular underactive (light activities), 4 = regular underactive, and 5 = regular active). The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee (2018/0478) and all participants gave written informed consent.

Gut microbiota regulate metabolism of their human host. Some diseases are associated with variations in gut microbiota diversity and higher fracture risk. Intestinal bacteria synthesize or influence synthesis of factors modulating bone metabolism. The link between gut microbiota and bone was assessed mainly in experimental animal studies. Clinical data, e.g. on the role of gut microbiota in postmenopausal osteoporosis are scarce. The investigators will compare gut microbiota composition in four groups of women aged ≥60 recruited on the basis of bone mineral density (BMD) and personal history of fracture. the participants will have diagnostic exams: clinical tests, bone densitometry (body composition, vertebral fractures), high resolution peripheral QCT (bone strength estimated by microfinite element analysis, micro-FEA), biological sample collection. Gut microbiome profiling will be performed at the INRA MetaGenoPolis laboratory. The investigators will compare gut microbiota diversity according to BMD level and to the fracture status. The investigators will analyze interactions of the gut microbiota diversity with bone status (bone turnover rate, BMD, bone microarchitecture, bone strength estimated by micro-FEA), muscle mass and strength, inflammatory cytokines and micro-RNAs modulating their expression. This study will provide new data concerning the importance of gut microbiota for the fracture risk in older women. It will help to identify the main metabolic pathways underlying the observed associations.